Abstract：
:A brief visual target stimulus may be rendered invisible if it is immediately preceded or followed by another stimulus. This class of illusions, known as visual masking, may allow insights into the neural mechanisms that underlie visual perception. We have therefore explored the temporal characteristics of masking illusions in humans, and compared them with corresponding neuronal responses in the primary visual cortex of awake and anesthetized monkeys. Stimulus parameters that in humans produce forward masking (in which the mask precedes the target) suppress the transient on-response to the target in monkey visual cortex. Those that produce backward masking (in which the mask comes after the target) inhibit the transient after-discharge, the excitatory response that occurs just after the disappearance of the target. These results suggest that, for targets that can be masked (those of short duration), the transient neuronal responses associated with onset and turning off of the target may be important in its visibility.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Macknik SL,Livingstone MSdoi
10.1038/393subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
144-9issue
2eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:An object viewed from different angles can be recognized and distinguished from similar distractors after the viewer has had experience watching it rotate. It has been assumed that as an observer watches the rotation, separate representations of individual views become associated with one another. However, we show her...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1600
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals' risk attitudes are known to guide choices about uncertain options. However, in the presence of others' decisions, these choices can be swayed and manifest as riskier or safer behavior than one would express alone. To test the mechanisms underlying effective social 'nudges' in human decision-making, we use...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4022
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo model systems are a critical tool for gaining insight into the pathology underlying psychiatric disorders. Although modern functional imaging tools allow study of brain correlates of behavior in clinical groups and genome-wide association studies are beginning to uncover the complex genetic architecture of psy...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.4413
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that presynaptic-acting NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) are important for neocortical synaptic transmission and plasticity. We found that unique properties of the NR3A subunit enable preNMDARs to enhance spontaneous and evoked glutamate release and that NR3A is required for spike timing-dependent l...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2750
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence suggests that the recognition of different emotional states involves at least partly separable neural circuits. Here we assessed the discrimination of both anger and happiness in healthy subjects receiving transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the medial-frontal cortex or over a control site (m...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/82854
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forces developed by cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) are responsible for the sharp tuning that underlies sensitivity and frequency selectivity in the ear. OHCs exhibit a voltage-dependent motility involving a 'motor' protein embedded in the basolateral membrane. The motor has so far resisted molecular identification. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/11174
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the immune response to cancer, but the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment controls TAMs and T cell immunity are not completely understood. Here we report that kynurenine produced by glioblastoma cells activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3100
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The US government is re-examining how it funds science, but it remains to be seen whether the administration can overcome tradition and bureaucratic inertia and achieve a substantial renovation of the grants peer-review system. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 社论
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更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/81823
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1805
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4378
更新日期：2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic spikes signal synaptic integration at remote apical dendritic sites in neocortical pyramidal neurons in vitro. Do dendritic spikes have a salient signaling role under in vivo conditions, where neocortical pyramidal neurons are bombarded with synaptic input? In the present study, levels of synaptic conductanc...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1305
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
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更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/84023
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural basis of aggression is poorly understood. A study in this issue used genetic scalpels to dissect the circuitry of the fly brain and identified a small cluster of octopaminergic neurons that can make a fly fighting mad. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2644
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.3546
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid progress has been made in understanding the synaptic changes required for memory encoding. Several companies are now attempting to use information about the induction and consolidation phases of this process to build memory-enhancing drugs. These efforts have produced novel compounds that improve retention score...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn935
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of neuronal networks in the neocortex depends on control mechanisms for mitosis and migration that allow newborn neurons to find their accurate position. Multiple mitogens, neurotrophic factors, guidance molecules and their corresponding receptors are involved in this process, but the mechanisms by whi...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3333
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
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更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 已发布勘误
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更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ), local cues or signaling molecules released from neuroblasts limit the proliferation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing progenitors thought to be stem cells. However, signals between SVZ cells have not been identified. We show that depolarization of neurobla...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1522
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1459
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-018-0127-z
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used ultrasound image-guided injections of high-titer retroviral vectors to obtain widespread introduction of genes into the mouse nervous system in utero as early as embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). The vectors used included internal promoters that substantially improved proviral gene expression in the ventricular zone o...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/12186
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4559
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
