Evolutionary trends in directional hearing.

abstract：:Reinforcement learning provides both qualitative and quantitative frameworks for understanding and modeling adaptive decision-making in the face of rewards and punishments. Here we review the latest dispatches from the forefront of this field, and map out some of the territories where lie monsters. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Dayan P,Niv Y

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work has helped reconcile puzzling results from brainstem transection studies first performed over 60 years ago, which suggested the existence of a sleep-promoting system in the medullary brainstem. It was specifically shown that GABAergic neurons located in the medullary brainstem parafacial zone (PZGABA) are ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Anaclet C,Fuller PM

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Work in cortically controlled neuroprosthetic systems has concentrated on decoding natural behaviors from neural activity, with the idea that if the behavior could be fully decoded it could be duplicated using an artificial system. Initial estimates from this approach suggested that a high-fidelity signal comprised of...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tillery SI,Taylor DM

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, interest has grown in the ability to manipulate, in a temporally precise fashion, the electrical activity of specific neurons embedded within densely wired brain circuits, in order to reveal how specific neurons subserve behaviors and neural computations, and to open up new horizons on the clinical tr...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bernstein JG,Garrity PA,Boyden ES

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Echolocating bats exhibit accurate three-dimensional (3D) auditory localization to avoid obstacles and intercept prey. The bat achieves high spatial resolution through a biological sonar system. Key features of the bat's sonar system are (1) high frequency, directional echolocation signals; (2) high frequency hearing;...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wohlgemuth MJ,Luo J,Moss CF

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent developments have led to a greater insight into the complex processes of perception of visual motion. A better understanding of the neuronal circuitry involved and advances in electrophysiological techniques have allowed researchers to alter the perception of an animal with a stimulating electrode. In addition,...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Snowden RJ

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated ion channels are composed of pore-forming subunits, as well as auxiliary subunits that modify the functions of these channels. In addition, the channels interact with other modulatory proteins in a more transient manner, although with significant effects on channel activity. Even though many second-messe...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Adelman JP

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perception, action, cognition, and emotion can now be mapped in the brain by a growing family of techniques. Positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, event-related electrical potentials, event-related magnetic fields, and other non-invasive imaging techniques are rapidly evolving and provid...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Fox PT,Woldorff MG

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent functional brain imaging studies of the neurobiology of emotion have investigated how individual differences among subjects modulate neural responses during emotion processing. Differences in personality, dispositional affect, biological sex, and genotype can all substantially modulate the neural bases of emoti...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hamann S,Canli T

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precise formation of neuronal circuits requires the coordinated development of the different components of the circuit. Here, we review examples of coordination at multiples scales of development in one of the best-studied systems for neural patterning and circuit assembly, the Drosophila visual system, from coordinat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Courgeon M,Desplan C

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibitory molecules in CNS myelin affect axonal regeneration after injury. In the past year, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a well-characterized myelin protein, has been identified as an inhibitor of axonal regeneration. This finding, together with its established ability to promote outgrowth, defines MAG as a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Filbin MT

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular processes that mediate learning and memory show a remarkable level of conservation between vertebrates and invertebrates. Recent studies have shown that learning and memory formation in invertebrates, so-called 'simple systems', involves a highly complex arrangement of cellular pathways. Some pathways contrib...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Burrell BD,Sahley CL

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneity among progenitor cells in the vertebrate nervous system has been documented with increasing frequency over the past few years. It has become clear that differences in progenitor cells help to determine when and how they respond to environmental signals. More recent studies have begun to elucidate the mol...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lillien L

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trans-synaptic interactions organize the multiple steps of synaptic development and are critical to generate fully functional neuronal circuits. While trans-synaptic interactions are primarily mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), some directly involve ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). Here, we review the...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Fossati M,Charrier C

更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid accumulation of neuroproteomics data in recent years has prompted the emergence of novel antibody-based imaging methods that aim to understand the anatomical and functional context of the multitude of identified proteins. The pioneering field of ultrastructural multiplexed proteomic imaging now includes a nu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Micheva KD,Bruchez MP

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the cellular and molecular bases of transduction of painful stimuli has burgeoned in the past year, mainly as a result of studies on isolated sensory neurones in culture. The ion channels underlying neuronal responses to noxious heat, to protons and to ATP have recently been characterized. The typ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cesare P,McNaughton P

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms for delivering components to nerve terminals are diverse and highly regulated. The diversity of kinesin motors alone is insufficient to account for the specificity of delivery. Additional specificity and control are contributed by adaptor proteins and associated regulatory molecules. The interaction of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Goldstein AY,Wang X,Schwarz TL

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory perception in the real world requires proper integration of different modality inputs. Process of multisensory integration is not uniform. It varies from individual to individual and changes at different behavioral states of the animal. What factors affect multisensory integration? How does the mammalian brain...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Choi I,Lee JY,Lee SH

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in drug addiction was initially studied by the use of compounds with different affinities for each cannabinoid receptor or for the proteins involved in endocannabinoids inactivation. The generation of genetically modified mice with selective mutations in these endocannabin...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Maldonado R,Robledo P,Berrendero F

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the central nervous system (CNS) development has been strongly enhanced by the recent progress of single-cell multiomics approaches. Certainly, the multiplex profiling of individual cell epigenomes and transcriptomes together with dynamic lineage tracing systems brings encouraging new perspectives...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Solanelles-Farré L,Telley L

更新日期：2020-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is a disorder of cognitive neurodevelopment. At least some of the core cognitive deficits of the illness appear to be the product of impaired gamma frequency oscillations which depend, in part, on the inhibitory actions of a subpopulation of cortical GABA neurons that express the calcium binding protein ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lewis DA

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, as our understanding of the pattern-generating networks responsible for a variety of behaviors has increased, the interactions of multiple neural networks have been examined in a number of systems. These studies have shown that functionally related pattern generators can interact extensively, and that...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Dickinson PS

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aging peripheral nervous system (PNS) is prone to a number of disorders, including the development of neuropathies and increased regenerative failure. Although the basic mechanisms of the aging PNS are still rather murky, recent work has revealed that 'old' Schwann cells acquire a number of dysfunctions in mammals...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Painter MW

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have seen cytoskeleton dynamics emerging as a key player in axon regeneration. The cytoskeleton, in particular microtubules and actin, ensures the growth of neuronal processes and maintains the singular, highly polarized shape of neurons. Following injury, adult central axons are tipped by a dystrophic st...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Blanquie O,Bradke F

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gastrointestinal tract is innervated by its own enteric nervous system and by extrinsic neurons that connect it with the central nervous system. Innervation allows the gastrointestinal tract to sense and respond to diverse stimuli, adjusting motility and secretion, but also affecting our physiology, behaviour and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ameku T,Beckwith H,Blackie L,Miguel-Aliaga I

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last few years, work in the nascent field of neuroeconomics has advanced understanding of the brain systems involved in value-based decision making. An important modulator of valuation processes is the specific context a decision maker is facing during choice. Recently, neuroeconomics has made great progress in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tymula A,Plassmann H

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sustained activity has been recorded in the prefrontal cortex during working memory tasks. First, we compare the anatomical distribution of this activity in humans and monkeys. Then, we show that it reflects many factors, maintenance of the items presented, preparation for the response, transformation of the items dur...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Passingham D,Sakai K

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebellar long-term depression is a persistent, input-specific attenuation of the parallel fiber-Purkinje neuron synapse induced by co-activation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers. This phenomenon endows the Purkinje neuron with a powerful associative computational ability. Recent investigations have provided st...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Linden DJ,Connor JA

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heated debate over the level of postsynaptic receptor occupancy by transmitter has not been extinguished - indeed, new evidence is fanning the flames. Recent experiments using two-photon microscopy suggest that the concentration of glutamate in the synaptic cleft does not attain levels previously suggested. In con...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bergles DE,Diamond JS,Jahr CE

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perception of music depends on many culture-specific factors, but is also constrained by properties of the auditory system. This has been best characterized for those aspects of music that involve pitch. Pitch sequences are heard in terms of relative as well as absolute pitch. Pitch combinations give rise to emerg...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： McDermott JH,Oxenham AJ

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00