The perception of visual motion.

abstract：:Sex steroid hormones exert a profound influence on the sexual differentiation and function of the neural circuits that mediate dimorphic behaviors. Both estrogen and testosterone are essential for male typical behaviors in many species. Recent studies with genetically modified mice provide important new insights into ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wu MV,Shah NM

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons have a multiplicity of ionic conductance mechanisms, the interactions of which determine in part the response of a neuron to chemical and electrical synaptic interactions, firing patterns, excitability, membrane potential and action-potential waveform. Several papers published in the past year have provided im...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Baxter DA,Byrne JH

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helping involves other-oriented actions that have the potential to benefit another. The last ten years has seen the introduction of several experimental paradigms to study helping in rats. In the best characterized of these, a free rat opens a door to release a rat trapped in an acrylic tube or pool of water. Helping ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Mason P

更新日期：2021-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We present recent literature on model-based approaches to estimating functional connectivity from neuroimaging data. In contrast to the typical focus on a particular scientific question, we reframe a wider literature in terms of the underlying statistical model used. We distinguish between directed versus undirected a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Foti NJ,Fox EB

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crucial role of dopamine (DA) in movement control is illustrated by the spectrum of motor disorders caused by either a deficiency or a hyperactivity of dopaminergic transmission in the basal ganglia. The degeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons in Parkinson's disease causes poverty and slowness of movement. These ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cenci MA,Lindgren HS

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroscientists spent decades debating whether synaptic plasticity was presynaptically or postsynaptically expressed. It was eventually concluded that plasticity depends on many factors, including cell type. More recently, it has become increasingly clear that plasticity is regulated at an even finer grained level; it...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Larsen RS,Sjöström PJ

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Feeding history and the presence of food dramatically alter chemosensory behaviors. Recent results indicate that internal nutritional state can gate peripheral gustatory and olfactory sensory responses to affect behavior. Focusing primarily on recent work in C. elegans and Drosophila, I describe the neuromodulatory me...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sengupta P

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PTEN tumor suppressor gene is a lipid phosphatase that negatively regulates cell survival mediated by the phosphatidyl inositol 3' kinase-protein kinase B/Akt signaling pathway. Recent in vivo studies have revealed a novel role for PTEN in the size control of neurons. Dysregulation of cell growth control by PTEN i...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Backman S,Stambolic V,Mak T

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precise formation of neuronal circuits requires the coordinated development of the different components of the circuit. Here, we review examples of coordination at multiples scales of development in one of the best-studied systems for neural patterning and circuit assembly, the Drosophila visual system, from coordinat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Courgeon M,Desplan C

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insular cortex is the primary cortical site devoted to taste processing. A large body of evidence is available for how insular neurons respond to gustatory stimulation in both anesthetized and behaving animals. Most of the reports describe broadly tuned neurons that are involved in processing the chemosensory, phy...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Maffei A,Haley M,Fontanini A

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prions cause transmissible and genetic neurodegenerative diseases. Infectious prion particles are composed largely, if not entirely, of an abnormal isoform of the prion protein (PrPSc), which is encoded by a chromosomal gene. Although the PrP gene is single copy, transgenic mice with both alleles of the PrP gene ablat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Prusiner SB

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on spatial problem-solving over the past two years has linked the hippocampus to path integration, that is, the use of movement-related cues to guide spatial behavior. Path integration may underlie the forms of place learning that are impaired by hippocampal damage. It remains a challenge to determine whether...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Whishaw IQ,McKenna JE,Maaswinkel H

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on the neurobiological processes involved in achieving successful abstinence from drugs of abuse. While there is clinical and public health value in knowing if the deficits associated with drug use correct with abstinence, studying the neurobiology that underlies successful abstinence can also illu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Garavan H,Brennan KL,Hester R,Whelan R

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual system is tasked with extracting stimulus content (e.g. the identity of an object) from the spatiotemporal light pattern falling on the retina. However, visual information can be ambiguous with regard to content (e.g. an object when viewed from far away), requiring the system to also consider contextual inf...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rust NC,Stocker AA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smooth-pursuit eye movements are used to stabilize the image of a moving object of interest on the fovea, thus guaranteeing its high-acuity scrutiny. Such movements are based on a phylogenetically recent cerebro-ponto-cerebellar pathway that has evolved in parallel with foveal vision. Recent work has shown that a netw...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Thier P,Ilg UJ

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and at least two other unidentified central pacemakers regulate the temporal structure of a circadian network that involves almost every organ in the body. Phase control is central to the efficient function of this system. Individual circadian oscillators in tissues and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Menaker M,Murphy ZC,Sellix MT

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analyzing data from experiments involves variables that we neuroscientists are uncertain about. Efficiently calculating with such variables usually requires Bayesian statistics. As it is crucial when analyzing complex data, it seems natural that the brain would "use" such statistics to analyze data from the world. And...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kording KP

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that many aspects of reward-guided behaviour can be understood within the framework of a computational account of decision making. The account emphasises representation of expectations about decision outcomes and the revision of future expectations in the light of the prediction error-the discrep...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rushworth MF,Mars RB,Summerfield C

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major technical advances in the imaging of live cells have led to a recent flurry of studies demonstrating how dendrites remodel dynamically during development. Taken together with our current understanding of axonal development, these studies help provide a more unified picture of how neural circuits might be formed ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wong WT,Wong RO

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of motor behaviour depends on the differentiation of underlying circuitry. Recent work with the zebrafish brings the simple swimming behaviour of lower vertebrates and their embryos into focus as a suitable model to study the development of motor circuitry and its genetic control. Changes in connectivi...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bate M

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central core (brainstem, diencephalic and basal forebrain) systems influence the functional modes of thalamic and cortical neurons during behavioral states of vigilance. Recent studies in vivo and in vitro have focused on the cellular properties of central core systems and their modulation of slow sleep oscillations, ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Steriade M

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons utilize mRNA transport and local translation as a means to influence development and plasticity. The molecular mechanisms for this mRNA sorting involve the recognition of cis-acting sequences by distinct mRNA binding proteins that have a dual role, acting in both mRNA transport and translational regulation. Ot...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bassell GJ,Kelic S

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How is an ant-equipped with a brain that barely exceeds the size of a pinhead-capable of achieving navigational marvels? Even though evidences suggest that navigation is a multimodal process, ants heavily depend on olfactory cues-of pheromonal and non-pheromonal nature-for foraging and orientation. Recent studies have...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Steck K

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The analysis of stimulus/response patterns using information theoretic approaches requires the full probability distribution of stimuli and response. Recent progress in using information-based tools to understand circuit function has advanced understanding of neural coding at the single cell and population level. In a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Fairhall A,Shea-Brown E,Barreiro A

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of increasingly sophisticated methods for recording and manipulating neural activity is revolutionizing neuroscience. By probing how activity patterns in different types of neurons and circuits contribute to behavior, these tools can help inform mechanistic models of brain function and explain the role...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wolff SB,Ölveczky BP

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of local protein synthesis in neuronal dendrites plays a key role in the production of long-term, activity-dependent changes in synapse structure and functional efficacy. Such long-term changes also require regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Recent evidence couples local protein synthesis to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bramham CR

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly all studies of natural variation within clock genes involve the period (per) locus, which was originally isolated in the fruit-fly. Intra- and interspecific work on per has focused mostly on a region of Thr-Gly or Ser-Gly repeats, which show rapid length and sequence evolution. The functional implications of nu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Costa R,Kyriacou CP

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prominent view that the rodent hippocampus is dedicated to spatial memory has been challenged recently by observations that both limit the nature of hippocampal spatial representation and extend its scope beyond literal space. These findings reveal that the rodent hippocampus mediates memory representations on the...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Eichenbaum H

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive development is determined by both genetics and environment. One point of convergence of these two influences is the neural activity-dependent regulation of programs of gene expression that specify neuronal fate and function. Human genetic studies have linked several transcriptional regulators to neurodevelop...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hong EJ,West AE,Greenberg ME

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is a disorder of cognitive neurodevelopment. At least some of the core cognitive deficits of the illness appear to be the product of impaired gamma frequency oscillations which depend, in part, on the inhibitory actions of a subpopulation of cortical GABA neurons that express the calcium binding protein ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lewis DA

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00