Abstract：
:Analyzing data from experiments involves variables that we neuroscientists are uncertain about. Efficiently calculating with such variables usually requires Bayesian statistics. As it is crucial when analyzing complex data, it seems natural that the brain would "use" such statistics to analyze data from the world. And indeed, recent studies in the areas of perception, action, and cognition suggest that Bayesian behavior is widespread, in many modalities and species. Consequently, many models have suggested that the brain is built on simple Bayesian principles. While the brain's code is probably not actually simple, I believe that Bayesian principles will facilitate the construction of faithful models of the brain.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neurobioljournal_title
Current opinion in neurobiologyauthors
Kording KPdoi
10.1016/j.conb.2014.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
130-3eissn
0959-4388issn
1873-6882pii
S0959-4388(14)00011-7journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Over the past year, evidence has accrued that adult CNS stem cells are a widespread progenitor cell type. These cells may normally replace neurons and/or glia in the adult brain and spinal cord. Advances have been made in understanding the signals that regulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation. A deeper und...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(99)80017-8
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past years, major advances have been made in understanding the sequential events involved in neural plate patterning. Positional information is already conferred to cells of the neural plate at the time of its induction in the ectoderm. The interplay between the BMP- and the Fgf- signaling pathways leads to...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2006.01.005
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both mammals and birds can flexibly organize their behavior over time. In mammals, the mental operations generating this ability are called executive functions and are associated with the prefrontal cortex. The corresponding structure in birds is the nidopallium caudolaterale. Anatomical, neurochemical, electrophysiol...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.10.003
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lateral line system is simple (comprising six cell types), its sense organs form according to a defined and reproducible pattern, and its neurons are easily visualized. In the zebrafish, these advantages can be combined with a wealth of genetic tools, making this system ideally suited to a combined molecular, cell...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.01.012
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of hair cell regeneration in the inner ear of birds provides new optimism that there may be a treatment for hearing and balance disorders. In this review we describe the process of hair cell regeneration in birds; including restoration of function, recovery of perception and what is currently known about...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00018-7
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sound is encoded by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the hearing organ, the cochlea, with great temporal, spectral and intensity resolution. When hearing fails, electric stimulation by implanted prostheses can partially restore hearing. Optical stimulation promises a fundamental advance of hearing restoration over el...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.004
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent flurry of genetic studies in mice have provided key insights into how the somatosensory system is organized at a cellular level to encode itch, pain, temperature, and touch. These studies are largely predicated on the idea that functional cell types can be identified by their unique developmental provenance a...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2019.03.002
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work on the retinotectal projection clearly establishes the roles of neuronal activity and position-based cues in the patterning of nerve connections. In some species, the high degree of spatial order has been shown to emerge from a continued process of terminal growth and refinement. The future challenge is no...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90167-j
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many years pathophysiological studies on patients with movement disorders were viewed as inferior to those in animal models because, given the complexity of dealing with the complete interconnected CNS, it was difficult to assign any particular physiological abnormality exclusively to the site of a known lesion. M...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2003.10.006
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several advances have been made recently in characterizing neural progenitor cells. In vertebrates, multipotential stem cells have been demonstrated in the developing forebrain both in vitro and in vivo, and a class of stem cells has been identified in the adult CNS. Factors that regulate the proliferation and differe...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80003-1
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent series of exciting observations, using novel high-resolution time-lapse imaging of living cells, has provoked a major shift in our understanding of the dendritic spine, from a stable storage site of long-term memory to a dynamic structure that undergoes rapid morphological variations. Through these recent obs...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00123-9
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perception of music depends on many culture-specific factors, but is also constrained by properties of the auditory system. This has been best characterized for those aspects of music that involve pitch. Pitch sequences are heard in terms of relative as well as absolute pitch. Pitch combinations give rise to emerg...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Standard economic theories conceive homo economicus as a rational decision maker capable of maximizing utility. In reality, however, people tend to approximate optimal decision-making strategies through a collection of heuristic routines. Some of these routines are driven by emotional processes, and others are adjuste...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2006.02.001
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:General anesthesia is a man-made neurophysiological state comprised of unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and immobility along with maintenance of physiological stability. Growing evidence suggests that anesthetic-induced neural oscillations are a primary mechanism of anesthetic action. Each anesthetic drug class pr...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.04.011
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of plasticity in the central nervous system is a major and very dynamic neuroscience research field with enormous clinical potential. Considerable advances in this field have been made during the past 10 years. It now appears that most circuits in the brain and spinal cord show plasticity and that they can b...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.009
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a similar fashion to transcription factors, non-coding RNAs can be essential regulators of gene expression. The largest class of non-coding RNAs is the microRNAs. These approximately 22 nt double-stranded RNA molecules can repress translation or target mRNA degradation. There has been a surge of research in the pas...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.08.011
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coupled oscillations are hypothesized to organize the processing of information across distributed brain circuits. This idea is supported by recent evidence, and newly developed techniques promise to put such theoretical framework to mechanistic testing. We review evidence suggesting that individual oscillatory cycles...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2014.12.011
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons have a multiplicity of ionic conductance mechanisms, the interactions of which determine in part the response of a neuron to chemical and electrical synaptic interactions, firing patterns, excitability, membrane potential and action-potential waveform. Several papers published in the past year have provided im...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(91)90017-2
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Though many neuronal cell fate decisions result in reproducible outcomes, stochastic choices often lead to spatial randomization of cell subtypes. This is often the case in sensory systems where expression of a specific sensory receptor gene is selected randomly from a set of possible outcomes. Here, we describe recen...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.04.004
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reward valuation in social contexts is by nature relative rather than absolute; it is made in reference to others. This socially relative reward valuation is based on our propensity to conduct comparisons and competitions between self and other. Exploring its neural substrate has been an active area of research in hum...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.11.008
更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Databases of consistent, directed- and weighted inter-areal connectivity for mouse, macaque and marmoset monkeys have recently become available and begun to be used to build structural and dynamical models. A structural hierarchy can be defined based by laminar patterns of cortical connections. A large-scale dynamical...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.11.002
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Connections and interactions among distributed brain areas are increasingly recognized as the basis for cognitive operations and a diverse repertoire of behaviors. Analytic advances have allowed for brain connectivity to be represented and quantified at multiple levels: from single connections to communities and netwo...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.05.003
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent functional brain imaging studies of the neurobiology of emotion have investigated how individual differences among subjects modulate neural responses during emotion processing. Differences in personality, dispositional affect, biological sex, and genotype can all substantially modulate the neural bases of emoti...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.010
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and adjacent areas of the medial frontal cortex (MFC) have been implicated in monitoring behaviour and in detecting errors. Recent evidence, however, suggests that the ACC not only registers the occurrence of errors but also represents other aspects of the reinforcement history that...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Converging evidence indicates that primates have a distinct cortical image of homeostatic afferent activity that reflects all aspects of the physiological condition of all tissues of the body. This interoceptive system, associated with autonomic motor control, is distinct from the exteroceptive system (cutaneous mecha...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00090-4
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work has helped reconcile puzzling results from brainstem transection studies first performed over 60 years ago, which suggested the existence of a sleep-promoting system in the medullary brainstem. It was specifically shown that GABAergic neurons located in the medullary brainstem parafacial zone (PZGABA) are ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.04.004
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent cloning of the gamma-aminobutyric acid and norepinephrine Na(+)-dependent neurotransmitter transporters has led to new approaches for understanding the structure and function of these important synaptic proteins and provides a conceptual model in which to consider recent advances in the physiology, pharmaco...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(91)90014-x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The glial regulation of synaptic function provides important modulation of the synaptic and behavioral changes induced by drugs of abuse. In some cases, this regulation is adaptive, reducing drug-induced change, and in other cases maladaptive, contributing to the induction or maintenance of these changes. Understandin...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2019.02.010
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Birds commonly use sound for communication between the sexes. In many songbird species, only males sing and there are pronounced sex differences in the neural song control circuits. By contrast, the auditory circuitry is largely similar in males and females. Both sexes learn to recognize vocalizations heard as juvenil...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.01.005
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Associative fear learning in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is crucial for an animal's survival upon environmental threats. BLA neurons are defined on the basis of their projection target, genetic markers, and associated function. BLA principal neuron responses to threat signaling stimuli are potentiated upon associat...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2015.10.005
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
