Effects of zolpidem, a new imidazopyridine hypnotic, on the acquisition of conditioned fear in mice. Comparison with triazolam and CL 218,872.

abstract：RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces a long-term depletion of serotonin (5-HT) in the rat brain; this depletion may have some functional consequences. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of MDMA on the extracellular concentrations of dopamine and 5-HT, body t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Shankaran M,Gudelsky GA

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predatory behavior of ferrets (Putorius putorius furo L.) consists mainly of instinctive behavioral patterns that are elicited by simple external stimuli. For the ferret, the time needed to catch and kill rats depends on the size of the rats in relation to that of the ferret. Killing success decreases with a relat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Apfelbach R

更新日期：1978-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects on sucrose consumption of a dopamine (DA) D2/D3 antagonist (raclopride, 0-0.3 mg/kg), a serotonin 5-HT2/2c antagonist (ritanserin, 0-0.4 mg/kg), and raclopride (0.15 mg/kg) combined with ritanserin (0-0.4 mg/kg). Three different concentrations of sucrose solution (0.7%, 7.0% and 34%) were teste...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Montgomery AM,Suri A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subjective, psychomotor, and physiological effects of analgesic doses of oral codeine and morphine were examined in 12 healthy volunteers. Subjects ingested placebo, morphine 20 or 40 mg, or codeine 60 or 120 mg in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. The smaller and larger doses of each drug were putativ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Walker DJ,Zacny JP

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:An acute challenge with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can induce psychotic symptoms including delusions. High electroencephalography (EEG) frequencies, above 20 Hz, have previously been implicated in psychosis and schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study is to determine the effect of intrav...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nottage JF,Stone J,Murray RM,Sumich A,Bramon-Bosch E,Ffytche D,Morrison PD

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Non-contingent chronic nicotine exposure procedures have evolved rapidly in recent years, culminating in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS or e-cigarettes) to deliver vaporized drugs to rodents in standard housing chambers. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the current work was to use ENDS to test concentration...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Montanari C,Kelley LK,Kerr TM,Cole M,Gilpin NW

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic treatment (2 weeks) with piracetam (500 mg/kg, once daily PO) elevated m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of aged (18 months) female mice by about 30-40%, but had no effect on m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of young (4 weeks) mice. The effect of piracetam on m-cholinoceptor density as...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Pilch H,Müller WE

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The main psychoactive component of cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), can impair driving performance. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating cannabis component, is thought to mitigate certain adverse effects of THC. It is possible then that cannabis containing equivalent CBD and THC will differenti...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Arkell TR,Lintzeris N,Kevin RC,Ramaekers JG,Vandrey R,Irwin C,Haber PS,McGregor IS

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of vitamin B12 are compared to those of aspirin and 0.9% saline in three different experimental pain models in rats and mice; an electric shock test, the hot-plate test, and the phenylbenzoquinone writhing test. Neither cyanocobalamin nor hydroxocobalamin showed any antinociceptive activity in any of the t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Eschalier A,Aumaître O,Decamps A,Dordain G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various dopamine receptor antagonists have divergent clinical and neurochemical properties. The relative ability of anticholinergics (benztropine and scopolamine) to reverse these drugs was assessed in squirrel monkeys and rats performing a Sidman avoidance task. In monkeys, benztropine markedly attenuated the effects...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Liebman JM,Neale R,Noreika L,Braunwalder A

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A history of brief intermittent social defeat stress can escalate cocaine self-administration and induce long-term adaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Extra-hypothalamic corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) has been shown to be closely associated with stress-induced escalation of drug use. How re...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Han X,DeBold JF,Miczek KA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The precise neural circuitry that encodes fear memory and its extinction within the brain are not yet fully understood. Fearful memories can be persistent, resistant to extinction, and associated with psychiatric disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we investigated the microtopog...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jacques A,Chaaya N,Hettiarachchi C,Carmody ML,Beecher K,Belmer A,Chehrehasa F,Bartlett S,Battle AR,Johnson LR

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:The purpose of this study was to determine if acute nicotine attenuated ketamine-induced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). METHOD:Following 2-4 h of nicotine abstinence, healthy chronic smokers participated in four sets of rCBF studies, H2(15)O positron emission tomography, during a simple sensory motor control...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rowland LM,Beason-Held L,Tamminga CA,Holcomb HH

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The role of endogenous opiate systems in cigarette smoking remains unclear. In laboratory animals, opiate antagonists block many of the effects of nicotine, but in humans they do not consistently alter smoking behavior. OBJECTIVE:This study explored the effects of naltrexone, alone and in combination with ni...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Brauer LH,Behm FM,Westman EC,Patel P,Rose JE

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of tolerance to the behavioral and biochemical effects of ethanol was studied. Rats were made tolerant to ethanol by the administration of daily ethanol injections (3 g/kg, IP) for 7 and 28 days. Tolerance developed both to the behavioral (hypothermic, sedative) and biochemical (accumulation of dopamin...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Liljequist S,Ekman A,Snape B,Söderpalm B,Engel JA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of caffeine (1-100 mg/kg, IP), (-)N-((R)-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-adenosine (PIA) (0.01-1 mg/kg, IP), and of the two drugs in combination were studied in mice responding under a mult FR30 FI600 s schedule of food presentation. The lowest dose of caffeine, 1 mg/kg, had no effect on responding under either co...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Glowa JR,Sobel E,Malaspina S,Dews PB

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Only a small percentage of individuals seeking treatment for their marijuana use achieves sustained abstinence, suggesting more treatment options are needed. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the effects of baclofen (study 1) and mirtazapine (study 2) in a human laboratory model of marijuana intoxication, withdrawa...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Haney M,Hart CL,Vosburg SK,Comer SD,Reed SC,Cooper ZD,Foltin RW

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluctuations in extracellular dopamine and DOPAC levels in nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) were monitored in 1-min microdialysis samples taken from rats engaged in intravenous cocaine self-administration. For four rats the dose per injection was fixed at 2.0 mg/kg; for four others the dose per injection was varied irreg...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wise RA,Newton P,Leeb K,Burnette B,Pocock D,Justice JB Jr

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combined analysis of data from 11 controlled studies of loxapine versus either chlorpromazine or trifluoperazine in acute schizophrenia (5 studies) and chronic schizophrenia (6 studies) showed statistically significant superiority of loxapine on several items and factors of standardized psychiatric rating scales. Up...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bishop MP,Simpson GM,Dunnett CW,Kiltie H

更新日期：1977-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The benzodiazepines are typified by a profile of side effects which includes drowsiness, ataxia and incoordination. Ro 15-1788, an imidazodiazepine derivative, exhibits marked antagonism of the behavioural and biochemical effects of the benzodiazepines in animals and man. It is devoid of any behavioural activity in an...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Darragh A,Lambe R,O'Boyle C,Kenny M,Brick I

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amphetamine stimulates locomotor activity, in large part by activating central dopaminergic systems. Serotonin shares on overlapping distribution with dopamine and has been shown to modulate dopaminergic function and dopamine-mediated behaviors. The present study examined whether increasing serotonergic function, via ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sills TL,Greenshaw AJ,Baker GB,Fletcher PJ

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The P3 is a ubiquitous component of stimulus-driven neural activity that can be observed in scalp electrophysiological recordings. Multiple lines of evidence suggest an important role for the noradrenergic system in the generation of the P3. However, pharmacological studies of the P3 using noradrenergic manip...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： de Rover M,Brown SB,Band GP,Giltay EJ,van Noorden MS,van der Wee NJ,Nieuwenhuis S

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Both methylphenidate (MPH), a catecholamine reuptake blocker, and guanfacine, an alpha2A agonist, are used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Childhood impulsivity, including delay discounting, is associated with increased substance use during adolescence. These effects can be mitigated...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Freund N,Jordan CJ,Lukkes JL,Norman KJ,Andersen SL

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Several lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia may be associated with altered noradrenergic and glucoregulatory function. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate these alterations during a perturbed homeostatic state. METHODS:Fifteen patients with schizophrenia and 13...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Elman I,Rott D,Green AI,Langleben DD,Lukas SE,Goldstein DS,Breier A

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Kratom is proposed to exhibit therapeutic potential as an opium substitute, but little is known about its dependence-producing profile, particularly of its main psychoactive compound, mitragynine (MG). OBJECTIVES:This study examined the dependence-producing effects of MG using operant-scheduled behaviour in ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Harun N,Johari IS,Mansor SM,Shoaib M

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Response decrements in an operant task produced by either extinction or by the dopamine receptor blocker pimozide were examined in three experiments which employed intermittent reinforcement schedules. In contrast to the congruency between these treatments previously observed following continuous reinforcement trainin...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tombaugh TN,Anisman H,Tombaugh J

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The comparative effects of a newly described specific alpha7 nAChR partial agonist, S 24795, and a cholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil, currently used as a symptomatic Alzheimer's disease treatment were studied in two mouse models of aging-related memory deficits. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We employed radial ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Marighetto A,Valerio S,Desmedt A,Philippin JN,Trocmé-Thibierge C,Morain P

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The opioid antagonist effects of systemically administered nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) were evaluated against the kappa agonists CI-977, U69,593, U50,488, ethylketocyclazocine (EKC), Mr2034 and bremazocine, the mu agonist morphine and the alkaloid delta agonist BW-373U86 in the acetic acid-induced writhing assay in ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Broadbear JH,Negus SS,Butelman ER,de Costa BR,Woods JH

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exercise stimulates the release of endogenous opioid peptides and increases nociceptive (i.e. pain) thresholds in both human and animal subjects. During chronic, long-term exercise, sensitivity to the effects of morphine and other mu opioids decreases, leading some investigators to propose that exercise may l...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smith MA,Yancey DL

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 97 patients, who participated in two studies on the relationship between the clinical effect and plasma levels of imipramine and clomipramine, were examined for improvement curves by use of weekly ratings on the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS). Although we confirmed that our six-item HDS subscale, in contra...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bech P,Allerup P,Reisby N,Gram LF

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00