Abstract:
AIM:Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4(+)-mediated autoimmune pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) that is used as a model for the study of the human neuroinflammatory disease, multiple sclerosis. During the development of EAE, auto-reactive Th1 and Th17 CD4(+) T cells infiltrate the CNS promoting inflammatory cells recruitment, focal inflammation and tissue destruction. In this sense, statins, agents used to lower lipid levels, have recently shown to exert interesting immunomodulatory function. In fact, statins promote a bias towards a Th2 response, which ameliorates the clinical outcome of EAE. Additionally, simvastatin can inhibit Th17 differentiation. However, many other effects exerted on the immune system by statins have yet to be clarified, in particular during neuroinflammation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of simvastatin on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. METHODS:Mice were immunized with MOG(35-55) and EAE severity was assessed daily and scored using a clinical scale. Cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells infiltrating the CNS was evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Simvastatin (5 mg/kg/day) improved clinical outcome, induced an increase in TGF-β mRNA expression and inhibited IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, RANTES and MIP-1β secretion (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in CNS inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration, with reduced frequencies of both Th1 and Th17 cells. Simvastatin inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes co-cultured with primary microglial cells. CONCLUSIONS:Simvastatin treatment promotes EAE clinical amelioration by inhibiting T cell proliferation and CNS infiltration by pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells.
journal_name
Inflammopharmacologyjournal_title
Inflammopharmacologyauthors
de Oliveira DM,de Oliveira EM,Ferrari Mde F,Semedo P,Hiyane MI,Cenedeze MA,Pacheco-Silva A,Câmara NO,Peron JPdoi
10.1007/s10787-015-0252-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-12-01 00:00:00pages
343-54issue
6eissn
0925-4692issn
1568-5608pii
10.1007/s10787-015-0252-1journal_volume
23pub_type
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