Abstract:
:Although tumor thrombus (TT) infringement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and right atrium (RA) is rarely observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognosis for this condition is extremely poor, with a median survival time of several months, given that the condition is often diagnosed at an advanced tumor stage or combined with multiple systemic metastases. Furthermore, there is no established effective treatment for the condition. However, some investigators insist that active treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy (systemic or intra-arterial), radiation therapy, best supportive care or a combination of these, may help prolong overall survival time in these patients. The management of patients with advanced HCC and a TT extending into the RA and IVC is extremely difficult and risky. To this end, the present review assessed the literature on the clinical features and treatments of this condition in recent years, with the aim of providing assistance for clinical work.
journal_name
Oncol Lettjournal_title
Oncology lettersauthors
Xia Y,Zhang J,Ni Xdoi
10.3892/ol.2020.11962subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
101issue
4eissn
1792-1074issn
1792-1082pii
OL-0-0-11962journal_volume
20pub_type
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