Abstract：
:The scientific interest in irisin, a myokine discovered in 2012, has grown exponentially in recent years. Irisin, which is mainly produced in skeletal muscle, influences the browning process of adipose tissue and lipid and energy metabolism. Recent discoveries highlight that the potential of this hormone may have been underestimated. In the first part of this review, reports on irisin structure and molecules involved in its metabolic pathway are shown. Furthermore, data related to unclear aspects are also reported: distribution, different gene expression of its precursors in different tissues, physiological levels of circulating irisin, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. The second part of this work focuses on exogenous stimuli and pharmacological agents which regulate the metabolic pathway of irisin and its serum concentration. In addition to physical exercise and exposure to low temperatures, which were early recognized as exogenous stimuli able to promote the production of this myokine, preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrates the ability of natural and synthetic molecules to interfere with this metabolic pathway. Current experimental data on irisin cannot dissolve all doubts related to this interesting molecule, but they certainly underline its potential for therapeutic purposes. Thus, identification of new pharmacological tools able to act on the irisin pathway is a challenging issue for biomedical research.
journal_name
Life Scijournal_title
Life sciencesauthors
Flori L,Testai L,Calderone Vdoi
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118954subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-15 00:00:00pages
118954eissn
0024-3205issn
1879-0631pii
S0024-3205(20)31714-8journal_volume
267pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
LIFE SCIENCES文献大全abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino acid peptide released in central and peripheral mammalian neurons, which appears to contribute to adiposity regulation by increasing food intake, thus promoting weight gain on animals. Nevertheless, little is known about NPY direct actions on white adipocytes. This trial, which was d...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00916-4
更新日期：2000-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:When injected into the substantia nigra reticulata of naive rats, dynorphin-(1-17) caused a dose dependent contralateral rotation which was inhibited by naloxone in a dose dependent manner. Met-enkephalin injected in the same coordinates as the ones used with dynorphin also induced rotation but of lower intensity, whi...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(83)90563-5
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of glucagon-(1-21)-peptide on pancreatic exocrine secretion and plasma glucose levels were studied and compared with those of native glucagon in anesthetized dogs. Intravenous bolus administration of 1 nmol or 10 nmol/kg of glucagon-(1-21)-peptide evoked a significant inhibition of secretin-stimulated panc...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(89)90379-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of utilizing the granatanol: N-methyl [9-azabicyclo (3.3.1) nonane] 3-alpha-ol as the terminal group in a series of new bisquaternary azabicycyclic diester-type neuromuscular blocking agents. Fifty two bisquaternary ammonium derivatives of several dicarboxylic a...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2006.01.038
更新日期：2006-07-04 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The study investigated the antidepressant-like effect and acute toxicity of 4-phenyl-1-(phenylselanylmethyl)-1,2,3-triazole (Se-TZ), an organoselenium-containing heterocycle compound in mice. MAIN METHODS:The antidepressant-like effect of Se-TZ (1-50mg/kg) and its mechanism of action, was analyzed in the tail sus...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2013.07.024
更新日期：2013-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium-dependent transport of D-glucose has been reported only in epithelial cells of small intestine and kidney, and well-differentiated tumors thereof. We observed a two-fold decrease (p < 0.05) in the intracellular distribution volume (Vic, defined as steady-state intracellular uptake divided by extracellular conce...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(96)00114-2
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was recently reported that vitamin C (500 mg/day for 6 weeks) administered as a dietary supplement to healthy humans exhibits a prooxidant, as well as an antioxidant effect in vivo. Here we show that high intakes of vitamin C (500 mg/kg b.w. for 4 days) in the rat are able to markedly induce hepatic cytochrome P450...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00167-8
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study the possibility of provoking an irreversible blockade of P2-receptors in vivo by photolyzing ANAPP3 was investigated. ANAPP3 administered as an intraarterial infusion produced a short-lived blockade of P2-receptor mediated contractions of cat urinary bladders in situ. However, irradiation of the b...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(86)90498-4
更新日期：1986-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:This study investigates the effect of a new combination of glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate, methylsulfonylmethane, Harpagophytum procumbens root extract (standardized to 3% harpagoside) and bromelain extract (GCMHB) on formalin-induced damage to cartilage tissue in the rat knee joint and evaluates t...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.012
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Epigenetic and genetic alterations are crucial events in the onset and progression of human cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). This work aims to probe the relevance of lysine demethylase 5B (KDM5B) to the progression of CRC and the possible molecules involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS:KDM5B expression in CRC...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118726
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of fibrate-induced myopathy was investigated in this report. When clofibrate (30 to 300 microM) was applied to L6 rat skeletal myoblasts, dose-dependently apoptosis was observed within 24 h. In the apoptotic myoblasts, a caspase-12 cleavage was observed at 2 h and with following caspases-9 and -3-related...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2005.08.003
更新日期：2006-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:When HeLa cells were incubated with tritiated dexamethasone mesylate at 2 degrees C, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cytosolic and nuclear extracts revealed the presence of two monomeric receptor complex forms with estimated molecular masses of about 98 and 87 kDa. If cells were subjected ...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(92)90562-4
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate whether age induces changes on vasodilator response induced by cromakalim, an ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel opener, as well as the underlying mechanism involved in this possible alteration. For this purpose, aortic segments from young (3-5 months) and old (3 years) ra...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(99)80003-4
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Oxaliplatin (l-OHP) is a key drug in therapeutic regimens for metastatic or advanced-stage colorectal cancer, but causes peripheral neuropathy as a dose-limiting adverse effect. It is reported that this peripheral neuropathy results from l-OHP accumulation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and that one of the...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.006
更新日期：2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We produced thiamine-deficient (TD) mice by TD diet treatment. The growth curve of mice on TD feeding was sharply increased until on the 10th day and subsequently the body weight gradually decreased. The mortality rate in mice was about 67% on the 30th day after the start of TD feeding. We performed the forced swimmin...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01206-1
更新日期：2001-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological properties of homogeneous solutions of chicken (c) and mammalian (m) LHRH were compared by their ability to release LH, in vitro, from a rooster pituitary cell incubation system. Homogeneity of the two LHRH species was confirmed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using linear gradients of acet...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(84)90678-7
更新日期：1984-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphatidylinositol (PI) specific phospholipase C treatment of rabbit platelets caused 95% release of acetylcholinesterase in the supernatant and 4 to 6% hydrolysis of membrane PI in 2 min. Under these conditions there was no cell lysis as monitored by lack of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the medium. The phospho...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(86)90590-4
更新日期：1986-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of exosomes on receptor cells participating in intercellular communication has been extensively studied, but the effect of exosomes on donor cells remains unclear. It has been reported that exosomes secreted by renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) under different stimuli accelerate acute and chro...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118347
更新日期：2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) in the superfusate from slices of rat medial prefrontal cortex were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). Stimulation with high K+ or methamphetamine (MAP) evoked a dose-dependent elevation in the release of ...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(91)90356-g
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of 32 mM ascorbate on the time courses of phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and intracellular pH in rat skeletal muscle during ischemia and reperfusion was investigated in vivo using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Ascorbate was administered int...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(94)00904-x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), like trifluoperazine (TFP), dibucaine (DBC) and praziquantel (PZQ), induces erythrocyte morphological changes, lysis and lipid exfoliation. In the present study we determined whether TFP, DBC and PZQ toxicity to erythrocytes was potentiated or reverted by UCB. Human erythrocytes were eith...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01171-7
更新日期：2001-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Matrikines, peptides originating from the fragmentation of extracellular matrix proteins are identified to play important role in both health and disease. They possess biological activities, much different from their parent protein. Identification of such bioactive cryptic regions in the extracellular matrix proteins ...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.056
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two types of plasma membranes isolated from rat brain cortex were used to study the membrane-perturbing properties of ethanol. Rats administered ethanol in the form of a liquid diet showed an increase in levels of phosphatidylserines, phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids as compared to controls. The results pr...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(84)90512-5
更新日期：1984-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Cachexia is a complex medical condition characterized by significant weight loss associated with decreased body fat and protein; the condition may present itself with or without anorexia. We have isolated and partially characterized a proteoglycan (azaftig) from the urine of cancer and AIDS patients experiencing weigh...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00069-7
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to right ventricular (RV) adaptation and remodeling and has deleterious long-term effects on RV function. The endocannabinoid receptor CB2 has been associated with protective effects in adaptation and remodeling of the left ventricle after ischemia. Therefore, we investigated the ...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.003
更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In both normal and hypophysectomized rats, electroconvulsive shock (ECS) produced a significant postictal rise in seizure threshold (S.T.) to flurothyl, a volatile convulsant. This ECS-induced increase in S.T. was markedly attenuated by naloxone (10 mg/kg s.c.), which itself did not alter basal S.T. A dose of bicucull...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(82)90124-2
更新日期：1982-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Although dexamethasone (Dex) is used widely as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug, Dex appears to have severe side-effects, including osteoporosis. This study determined the effects of Dex on duodenal and renal expressions of the calcium-processing genes transient receptor potential cation channel, su...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.lfs.2009.05.013
更新日期：2009-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Seasonal and diurnal variations in tonic pain reactions were examined in female and male CBA/J mice maintained in a 12/12 dark/light cycle, at controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Animals were injected into the dorsum of one hindpaw with a dilute (20 microl, 1%) formalin solution. Pain-related behaviors wer...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0024-3205(02)02344-5
更新日期：2003-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The changes in hepatic energy state were assessed by 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) in brain dead dogs. 31P-MRS and AKBR were measured before and at 3 hours after brain death. Wiggers' shock model was employed to compare the energy metabolism during hypotens...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(91)90068-m
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present report investigated whether percentages of circulating natural killer (NK) cells and NK cell activity (NKCA) are associated with psychological variables. Subjects (n = 95) were selected, based on a combination of low or high scores on questionnaires on daily hassles and self-reported symptoms, to create fo...
journal_title：Life sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0024-3205(93)90002-k
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
