Abstract：
:The production by the pyridine MPTP of a parkinsonian syndrome strikingly similar to the 'idiopathic' disorder, and the paucity of evidence supporting a hereditary or infectious etiology for Parkinson's disease (PD), have stimulated a search for environmental chemicals resembling MPTP that might cause PD. In support of this, descriptive epidemiological studies have found higher prevalences of PD in highly industrialized countries. In North America and Europe, early onset PD appears to be associated with rural residence. Factors associated with this include vegetable farming, well water drinking, wood pulp, paper and steel industries. In China, living in industrialized urban areas increases the risk of developing PD. Preliminary epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that environmental chemicals may be related to the development of PD, but specific chemicals and their specific mechanism(s) have not been identified.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Tanner CMdoi
10.1016/0166-2236(89)90135-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-02-01 00:00:00pages
49-54issue
2eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
0166-2236(89)90135-5journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Striatal enriched tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) has recently been identified as a crucial player in the regulation of synaptic function. It is restricted to neurons within the CNS and acts by downregulating the activity of MAP kinases, the tyrosine kinase Fyn and NMDA receptors. By modulating these substrates, STEP acts...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.007
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current dominant model of binaural sound localization proposes that the lateral position of a sound source is determined by the position of maximal activation within an array of binaural coincidence-detector neurons that are tuned to different interaural time differences (ITDs). The tuning of a neuron for an ITD i...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00140-1
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of central synapses to undergo long-term potentiation (LTP) still captures the imagination of scientists and has become one of the most fascinating and deeply studied questions in modern neuroscience. By the mid-1990s, however, the field was deeply ensnarled in trying to answer a passionately dichotomous q...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is characterized by decrements in maximum function and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which are best observed in organs such as the brain that contain post-mitotic cells. Oxygen radicals are increasingly considered responsible for part of these aging changes. Comparative studies of animals with dif...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2004.07.005
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active feedback mechanisms in the ears of mammals amplify and tune the auditory response to sound stimuli, allowing these organisms to enjoy both exquisite sensitivity and sharp frequency selectivity. A requisite component of this feedback pathway has recently been identified. Targeted deletion of pres, the gene that ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00030-4
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic pain secondary to neuronal injury is actively and continuously modulated at multiple locations along the sensory neuraxis. Here, we describe how nociceptive neurons of the spinal cord and thalamus process and communicate nociceptive information in terms of precisely calibrated firing patterns. We then discuss ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2008.11.004
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since early anatomical descriptions, the existence of dendritic spines has stimulated intense curiosity and speculation about their regulation and function. Research over the past three decades has described an impressive mutability in dendritic-spine number and morphology under a variety of physiological circumstance...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01576-9
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of synaptic connections in the electron microscope has established an 'elementary' circuit for the neostriatum which consists of a pathway from cortical areas (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala) to medium spiny neurones of the striatum that also receive converging synaptic input from midbrain dopamine neurone...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0166-2236(90)90106-k
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conflicting reports about whether adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs in humans raise questions about its significance for human health and the relevance of animal models. Drawing upon published data, I review species' neurogenesis rates across the lifespan and propose that accelerated neurodevelopmental timing is c...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2018.12.001
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motoneurones are known to die (1) during embryonic development (naturally occurring cell death), (2) early in postnatal development after axonal injury, and (3) as a consequence of disease, such as spinal muscular atrophy or (in later life) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Naturally occurring motoneurone death has been ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0166-2236(92)90014-y
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The colors perceived by humans in response to light stimuli are generally described in terms of four color categories (reds, greens, blues and yellows), the members of which are systematically arrayed around gray. This broadly accepted description of color sensation differs fundamentally from the light that induces it...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02059-3
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both ageing and chronic stress are associated with altered brain plasticity, dysregulation of the immune system, and an increased risk of developing brain disorders; all of which have consequences for cognitive and emotional processing. Here we examine the similarities between behavioural changes during ageing and str...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.001
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rather than merely a nuisance, noise in biological systems is a useful property. Before patch-clamp methods were invented, analysis of membrane current noise provided the first solid, if indirect, evidence for the existence of ion-conducting pores with discrete conductance levels. Although supplanted by single-channel...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01238-7
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell replacement therapy has been proposed as a means to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). In most studies, the transplanted cells have been placed within the target site, the striatum, and not within the lesioned site, the substantia nigra, as the adult nigrostriatal pathway was thought t...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2011.01.003
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conditioning and extinction of fear have traditionally been viewed as two independent learning processes for encoding representations of contexts or cues (conditioned stimuli, CS), aversive events (unconditioned stimuli, US), and their relationship. Based on the analysis of protein kinase signaling patterns in neurons...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2011.10.003
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in the actin cytoskeleton are a primary mechanism mediating the morphological and functional plasticity that underlies learning and memory. The synaptic Ras homologous (Rho) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Kalirin and Trio have emerged as central regulators of actin dynamics at the synapse. The incr...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.002
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic transmission and plasticity are shaped by the dynamic reorganization of signaling molecules within pre- and postsynaptic compartments. The nanoscale organization of key effector molecules has been revealed by single-particle trajectory (SPT) methods. Interestingly, this nanoscale organization is highly hetero...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2020.01.005
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How did brains evolve to become so complex, and what is their future? Brains pose an explanatory challenge because entropy, which inexorably increases over time, is commonly associated with disorder and simplicity. Recently we showed how evolution is an entropic process, building structures - organisms - which themsel...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2020.04.008
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is the most important risk factor for common neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Aging in the central nervous system has been associated with elevated mutation load in mitochondrial DNA, defects in mitochondrial respiration and increased oxidative damage. These observations ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2008.02.008
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. Although odorant concentration is a key feature of olfactory stimuli, we do not know how concentration...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2014.05.005
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short-term synaptic plasticity has a key role in information processing in the CNS, whereas memories can be formed through long-lasting changes in synaptic strength. Despite the importance of these phenomena, it remains difficult to determine whether a synaptic modulation is expressed at a presynaptic or postsynaptic ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(99)01520-9
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular Ca2+ initiates physiological events as diverse as gene transcription, muscle contraction, cell division and exocytosis. Predictably, the metabolic machinery that elicits and responds to changes in intracellular Ca2+ is correspondingly heterogeneous. This review focuses on one element of this complex web ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently available antibodies to the P2X(7) receptor are unreliable determinants of neuronal P2X(7) immunoreactivity, owing to staining of a "P2X(7)-like" protein that is not eliminated by legitimate P2X(7) gene-knockout approaches. Despite this, compelling electrophysiological and pharmacological data strongly suppo...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2006.03.003
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamic alterations in the structure of the neuronal cytoskeleton are necessary for axonal growth and guidance during development and may also be involved in modulation of synaptic function. Recent evidence suggests that the structural and mechanochemical properties of the cytoskeletal protein, actin, are critical to ...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0166-2236(89)90098-2
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in understanding the biology of neurotrophic factors and their signaling pathways have provided important insights into the normal growth, differentiation and maintenance of neurons. Stimulated by neuropathological observations and genetic discoveries, studies in cell and animal models of neurodegenerative di...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0166-2236(02)00038-3
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2005.01.006
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diverse human disorders, including the majority of neurodegenerative diseases, are thought to arise from the misfolding and aggregation of protein. We have recently described a novel technology to amplify cyclically misfolded proteins in vitro. This procedure, named protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), is c...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02195-1
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the brain, highly connected and heterogeneous GABAergic cells are crucial in controling the activity of neuronal networks. They accomplish this task by communicating through remarkably diverse sets of inhibitory processes, the complexity of which is reflected by the variety of interneuron classification schemes pro...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2004.07.002
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As we learn more about the functional expression of nicotinic receptors in specific brain regions such as the hippocampus, intriguing interactions are being uncovered at the cellular and circuit levels. Recent work from John Dani's laboratory provides important insights into how nicotinic receptors can modify hippocam...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-2236(00)02127-5
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compromise of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a potential basis for multiple physiological abnormalities and pathologies in the CNS. This could be because reduced protein turnover leads to bulk intracellular protein accumulation. However, conditions associated with compromised UPS function are also associated...
journal_title：Trends in neurosciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tins.2006.11.003
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
