Nicotinic receptors and hippocampal synaptic plasticity ... it's all in the timing.

abstract：:The nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) system has an essential role in the selection and control of movement sequences, and its degeneration causes the characteristic motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonian motor symptoms are alleviated by L-DOPA, but this treatment induces motor fluctuations and dyskinesias (abn...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cenci MA

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key problem in developmental neurobiology is how axons home in on their correct target tissue and establish the correct synaptic contacts. Recent work shows that in the developing Drosophila visual system a population of distinct lamina glial cells ensures correct target layer selection of retinal axons. In the abse...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Pielage J,Klämbt C

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in understanding the biology of neurotrophic factors and their signaling pathways have provided important insights into the normal growth, differentiation and maintenance of neurons. Stimulated by neuropathological observations and genetic discoveries, studies in cell and animal models of neurodegenerative di...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Salehi A,Delcroix JD,Mobley WC

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies have identified several of the genes associated with malformations of cortical development which might disrupt each of the main stages of cell proliferation and specification, neuronal migration and late cortical organization. The largest malformation groups, focal cortical dysplasia, heterotopia and p...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Guerrini R,Dobyns WB,Barkovich AJ

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An abundance of experimental literature has established that gonadal steroid hormones are responsible for the sexual differentiation of neural circuitry, mediating a variety of reproductive behaviors and physiological mechanisms. These same hormones regulate the expression of reproductive function in the adult and may...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Simerly RB

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of almost all neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Historically, a primary focus in this context has been the link between mitochondrial dynamics and amyloid β toxicity. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of mitochondrial ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Calvo-Rodriguez M,Bacskai BJ

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverse human disorders, including the majority of neurodegenerative diseases, are thought to arise from the misfolding and aggregation of protein. We have recently described a novel technology to amplify cyclically misfolded proteins in vitro. This procedure, named protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), is c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Soto C,Saborio GP,Anderes L

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is the most important risk factor for common neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Aging in the central nervous system has been associated with elevated mutation load in mitochondrial DNA, defects in mitochondrial respiration and increased oxidative damage. These observations ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Fukui H,Moraes CT

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intensive mapping of the essential cerebellar brain circuits for Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning appeared relatively complete by 2000, but new data indicate the need for additional differentiation of cerebellar regions and mechanisms coding delay and trace conditioning. This is especially important, as trace condition...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Woodruff-Pak DS,Disterhoft JF

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress is a major trigger of seizures in people with epilepsy. Exposure to stress results in the release of several stress mediators throughout the brain, including the hippocampus, a region sensitive to stress and prone to seizures. Stress mediators interact with their respective receptors to produce distinct effects...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gunn BG,Baram TZ

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Communicative, predatory, and reproductive behaviors rely on the auditory thalamocortical system, a key nexus that combines, transforms, and distributes virtually all acoustic information relevant to survival. The rules of connectivity for this complex network, both anatomically and functionally, are only beginning to...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Winer JA,Miller LM,Lee CC,Schreiner CE

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroethics, a recently modernized field at the intersection of bioethics and neuroscience, is founded on centuries of discussion of the ethical issues associated with mind and behavior. Broadly defined, neuroethics is concerned with ethical, legal and social policy implications of neuroscience, and with aspects of ne...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Illes J,Bird SJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have seen a flourishing literature on detection of circulating autoantibodies against neurotransmitter receptors in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. These studies have generated hope for a better understanding of the underlying molecular dysfunctions and for appropriate therapeutic strategies. Ho...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jézéquel J,Johansson EM,Leboyer M,Groc L

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia provide immune surveillance of the CNS. They display diverse behaviors, including nondirectional and directed motility of their processes, phagocytosis of targets such as dying neurons or superfluous synapses, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines. Many of these functions are mediated...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Izquierdo P,Attwell D,Madry C

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In monkeys, the rostral part of ventral premotor cortex (area F5) contains neurons that discharge, both when the monkey grasps or manipulates objects and when it observes the experimenter making similar actions. These neurons (mirror neurons) appear to represent a system that matches observed events to similar, intern...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Rizzolatti G,Arbib MA

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming is the process by which vesicles become available for fusion at nerve terminals and is modulated by numerous proteins and second messengers. One of the prominent members of this diverse family is tomosyn. Tomosyn has been identified as a syntaxin-binding protein; it inhibits vesicle priming, but its mode of ac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ashery U,Bielopolski N,Barak B,Yizhar O

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell replacement therapy has been proposed as a means to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). In most studies, the transplanted cells have been placed within the target site, the striatum, and not within the lesioned site, the substantia nigra, as the adult nigrostriatal pathway was thought t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gaillard A,Jaber M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite extensive information on many aspects of peptide neurobiology, the links between the behavioral effects of neuropeptides and their actions at the cellular and molecular levels are not fully understood. A pair of insect neuropeptides, the cardioacceleratory peptides (CAPs) of the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta,...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tublitz N,Brink D,Broadie KS,Loi PK,Sylwester AW

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complement proteins are ancient components of innate immunity that have emerged as crucial regulators of neural networks. We discuss these roles in the context of the CNS development, acute CNS viral infections, and post-infectious and noninfectious CNS disorders, with an emphasis on microglia-mediated loss of synapse...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kanmogne M,Klein RS

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How should evolution and development build the brain to be capable of flexible and generative cognition? I wish to put forth a 'power-of-two'-based wiring logic that provides the basic computational principle in organizing the microarchitecture of cell assemblies that would readily enable knowledge and adaptive behavi...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tsien JZ

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of neurons to modulate the strength of their synaptic connections has been shown to depend on the relative timing of pre- and postsynaptic action potentials. This form of synaptic plasticity, called spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), has become an attractive model for learning at the single-cell lev...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kampa BM,Letzkus JJ,Stuart GJ

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model is proposed whereby the spread of long-term potentiation (LTP) between potentiated and neighboring neurons is initiated by a retrograde signal that is restricted to the synaptic clefts of the potentiated neurons. Next, a change, such as enhanced release of neurotransmitter, occurs in the presynaptic boutons th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Harris KM

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hodgkin and Huxley (H-H) model for action potential generation has held firm for half a century because this relatively simple and experimentally testable model embodies the major features of membrane nonlinearity: namely, voltage-dependent ionic currents that activate and inactivate in time. However, experimental and...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Meunier C,Segev I

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Matute C,Pérez-Cerdá F

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proportional relation between circulating vasopressin concentration and plasma osmolality is fundamental for body fluid homeostasis. Although changes in the sensitivity of this relation are associated with pathophysiological conditions, central mechanisms modulating osmoregulatory gain are unknown. Here, we review...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Prager-Khoutorsky M,Bourque CW

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms regulating the cerebral microcirculation during neural activity have been the subject of inquiry for a century or more, the mediators responsible for the changes in cerebral blood flow still remain to be clearly identified. The discovery that nitric oxide, a powerful cerebrovasodilator, is prod...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Iadecola C

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic pain is a major medical problem that is resistant to conventional medical intervention. It also causes emotional changes such as anxiety and fear. Furthermore, anxiety or fear often enhances the suffering of pain. Based on recent studies, I propose chronic anxiety triggered by injury or chronic pain is mediate...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Zhuo M

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The colors perceived by humans in response to light stimuli are generally described in terms of four color categories (reds, greens, blues and yellows), the members of which are systematically arrayed around gray. This broadly accepted description of color sensation differs fundamentally from the light that induces it...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lotto RB,Purves D

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of synaptic connections in the electron microscope has established an 'elementary' circuit for the neostriatum which consists of a pathway from cortical areas (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala) to medium spiny neurones of the striatum that also receive converging synaptic input from midbrain dopamine neurone...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Smith AD,Bolam JP

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limitation of immune responsiveness in the mammalian CNS has been attributed to the intricate nature of neuronal networks, which would appear to be more susceptible than other tissues to the threat of permanent disorganization when exposed to massive inflammation. This line of logic led to the conclusion that all ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schwartz M,Moalem G,Leibowitz-Amit R,Cohen IR

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00