Abstract:
:Dietary components express a wide range of activities that can affect carcinogenesis. Naturally occurring substances in foods have been shown in laboratory experiments to serve as dietary antimutagens, either as bioantimutagens or as desmutagens. Dietary desmutagens may function as chemical inactivaters, enzymatic inducers, scavengers, or antioxidants. Dietary components may also act later in the carcinogenic process as tumor growth suppressors. Examples of dietary factors acting in each of these stages of carcinogenesis are presented, and potential anticarcinogens such as the carotenoids, tocopherols, phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, metal-binding proteins, phytoestrogens, and conjugated linoleic acid are discussed. Individual foods typically contain multiple potential anticarcinogens. Many of these substances can influence carcinogenesis through more than one mechanism. Some substances exhibit both anticarcinogenic and carcinogenic activity in vitro, depending on conditions. Epidemiologic research indicates that high fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with lower cancer risk. Little research has focused on the effects of single substances or single foods in man. Realization of the potential of foodborne substances to reduce the human burden of cancer will only be achieved with better measurement of dietary exposures and funding of multidisciplinary research in this area commensurate with its importance.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Kohlmeier L,Simonsen N,Mottus Kdoi
10.1289/ehp.95103s8177subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-11-01 00:00:00pages
177-84eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
103 Suppl 8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::A review and summary is given of analytical, biochemical, and immunological studies made following an immunodiagnostic investigation which revealed significant decreases in the numbers, and changes in the functional integrity, of both T-and B-lymphocytes in a group of Michigan dairy farmers exposed to polybrominated b...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8560107
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologic studies long have played a role in the understanding of the effects of the general environment and various occupational exposures on the occurrence of acute and chronic diseases of the lung. This article is an overview of epidemiologic study designs that have particular relevance to studies of environmen...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s4615
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Children's Post-Pesticide Application Exposure Study (CPPAES) was conducted to look at the distribution of chlorpyrifos within a home environment for 2 weeks after a routine professional crack-and-crevice application and to determine the amount of the chlorpyrifos that is absorbed by a child living within the home...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6984
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo effects of xenoestrogens are of interest in relation to their potential health risks and/or beneficial effects on humans and animals. However, the apparent in vivo potency of the examined response can be confounded by a short half-life, and the metabolism of estrogens is very dependent on the nature of con...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9810623
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In these studies the effects of ingested arsenic (As(+5)) on hepatic heme biosynthetic capability and hemoprotein function in adult male rats were investigated. Animals exposed for 6 weeks to 0, 20, 40, or 85 ppm sodium arsenate in the drinking water suffered depression of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synth...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7719209
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil samples were collected from 28 fields which had received manure from Michigan's most highly contaminated dairy herds. The number of fields in each concentration range of PBB in soil were: 2, not detectable; 15, 0.0 to 8.0 ppb; 6, 14-102 ppb, and 5, 153 to 371 ppb. Plant tissue sampled from the 10 most highly cont...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.78231
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Environmental exposures to phthalates, particularly high-molecular-weight (HMW) phthalates, are suspected to contribute to allergy. OBJECTIVE:We assessed whether phthalate metabolites are associated with allergic symptoms and sensitization in a large nationally representative sample. METHODS:We used data o...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1206211
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syrian hamster embryo cells were treated with galactose oxidase, followed by reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride at pH 7.4. The labeling patterns of galactosyl and N-acetyl galactosaminyl residues on the cell surface were altered in comparing scraped vs. unscraped and buffer vs. media-soaked cells treated with...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8034103
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl eugenol is a naturally occurring material found in a variety of food sources, including spices, oils, and nutritionally important foods such as bananas and oranges. Given its natural occurrence, a broad cross-section of the population is likely exposed. The availability of biomonitoring and toxicology data offe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9057
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1003100
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are positively related to incidence of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Increased severe storm frequency may create more habitat for ciguatoxic organisms. Although climate change could expand the endemic range of CFP, the relationship between CFP incidence and specific env...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1307196
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article briefly summarizes the epidemiology of the health effects of fine particulate air pollution, provides an early, somewhat speculative, discussion of the contribution of epidemiology to evaluating biologic mechanisms, and evaluates who's at risk or is susceptible to adverse health effects. Based on prelimin...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.108-1637679
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water, and ingestion of inorganic arsenic (InAs) has been associated with increased risks of cancer. The primary metabolic pathway of ingested InAs is methylation to monomethyl arsenic (MMA) and dimethyl arsenic (DMA). However, people vary great...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7907
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microarrays provide an unprecedented opportunity for comprehensive concurrent analysis of thousands of genes. The global analysis of the response of genes to a toxic insult (toxicogenomics), as opposed to the historical method of examining a few select genes, provides a more complete picture of toxicologically signifi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6709
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work group report addresses the central question: What are the critical windows during development (preconception through puberty) when exposure to xenobiotics may have the greatest adverse impact on subsequent reproductive health? The reproductive system develops in stages, with sex-specific organogenesis occurr...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s3505
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In August 1997 we performed a follow-up survey of 146 lead-poisoned children from a community near a previously active auto battery recycling smelter in Haina near Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Our follow-up survey confirmed a severe incidence of elevated blood lead (BPb) and erythrocyte protoporphyrin/zinc proto...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107917
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurogenic inflammation as a pathway distinct from antigen-driven, immune-mediated inflammation may play a pivotal role in understanding a broad class of environmental health problems resulting from chemical exposures. Recent progress in understanding the mediators, triggers, and regulation of neurogenic inflammation ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101234
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental health is a subject that has only relatively recently become prominent in the social consciousness. Even as its significance becomes known, finding ways to integrate the subject into education for primary and secondary students is difficult because of federal testing requirements under the No Child Left ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.112-a814
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are a number of technical and statistical problems in monitoring the temporal and spatial variation of local area death rates in the United States for evidence of systematically elevated risks. An analytic strategy is proposed to reduce one of the major statistical concerns, i.e., that of identifying areas with ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8560369
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Air pollution data in Bangkok, Thailand, indicate that levels of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < or = 10 microm (PM(10)) are significantly higher than in most cities in North America and Western Europe, where the health effects of PM(10) are well documented. However, the pollution mix, seasona...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10849
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that exposure of healthy volunteers to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPS) between 0.1 and 2.5 microm in diameter is associated with modulation of human alveolar macrophage (AM) function, cytokine production, and immune phenotype in both blood and lung. Thirty-eight volunteers were expos...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s4599
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Locating geographic hot spots of cancer may lead to new causal hypotheses and ultimately to new knowledge of cancer-causing factors. The Cape Cod region of Massachusetts has experienced elevated incidence of breast cancer compared with statewide averages. The origins of the excess remain largely unexplained, even afte...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110471
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors that should be considered in the design and interpretation of developmental neurotoxicity studies. Toxicologic effects on the developing nervous system depend on the delivered dose, exposure duration, and developmental stage at which exposure occurred. Several phar...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s1101
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parental occupational exposures might affect childhood cancer in the offspring through genetic changes in the ovum or sperm or through transplacental carcinogenesis. The 24 published epidemiologic studies of this association have all used case-control designs, with controls generally selected from birth certificates o...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9088325
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lead (Pb) exposure has been associated with a host of pathological conditions in humans. In rodents Pb exposure has been shown to alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the effects of lead on responses of the HPA axis to a psychosocial laboratory stressor adm...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1103873
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Biomass smoke is an important source of particulate matter (PM), and much remains to be discovered with respect to the human health effects associated with this specific PM source. Exposure to biomass smoke can occur in one of two main categories: short-term exposures consist of periodic, seasonal exposures ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11378
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last three decades, the use of modern organic synthetic pesticides has increased about 40-fold. Total U.S. production, for domestic and expert use, in 1976 was about 1.4 million pounds. Crops receiving the most intensive application of various pesticides were cotton for insecticides, corn for herbicides, an...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7827103
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most neurotoxicological studies morphological assessment focuses on pathological effects, like degenerative changes in neuronal perikarya, axonopathy, demyelination, and glial and endothelial cell reactions. Similarly, the assessment of physiological and behavioral effects center on evident neurological symptoms, l...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8774153
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may contribute to premature mortality, but few studies to date have addressed this topic. OBJECTIVES:In this study we assessed the association between TRAP and mortality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. METHODS:We collected nitrogen dioxide samples over ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11533
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed data from 798 lead workers to determine whether polymorphisms in the genes encoding delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) were associated with or modified relations of lead exposure and dose measures with renal outcomes. Lea...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6116
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00