Abstract：
:The in vivo effects of xenoestrogens are of interest in relation to their potential health risks and/or beneficial effects on humans and animals. However, the apparent in vivo potency of the examined response can be confounded by a short half-life, and the metabolism of estrogens is very dependent on the nature of conversion and/or inactivation. To minimize such variables, we examined the estrogenic potency of a range of xenoestrogens in an acute in vivo assay--the stimulation of increased uterine vascular permeability in ovariectomized mice 4 hr after subcutaneous administration. While estradiol (E 2 ) and estriol (E 3 ; a relatively weak natural estrogen) readily induced vascular responses [median effective dose (ED 50 ) <10 -9 mol], much higher amounts of xenoestrogens were required. Bisphenol A was about 10,000-fold less potent than E 2 and E 3 , and octylphenol and nonylphenol were about 100,000-fold less potent; dioctyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and trichlorinated biphenol produced no effect. Coumestrol was the most active phytoestrogen, with an ED 50 between 10 -6 and 10 -7 mol; genistein was about 10-fold less potent than coumestrol, and neither daidzein nor formononetin produced any marked effect, even at doses up to 10 -5 mol. All increases in vascular permeability could be blocked by the pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780. There was no evidence that any of the compounds could act as an antiestrogen in this assay or that they could exert synergistic effects in combination. These results indicate that even short-term exposure to most of the xenobiotic estrogens can induce typical estrogenic effects in vivo , but their estrogenic potency is very weak even when assessed in an acute response.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Milligan SR,Balasubramanian AV,Kalita JCdoi
10.1289/ehp.9810623subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-01-01 00:00:00pages
23-6issue
1eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
106pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Arsenicals (roxarsone and nitarsone) used in poultry production likely increase inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and roxarsone or nitarsone concentrations in poultry meat. However, the association between poultry intake and exposure to these arsenic species, ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP351
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that phthalate exposures may adversely affect child respiratory health. OBJECTIVES:We evaluated associations between asthma diagnosed in children between 5 and 11 years of age and prenatal exposures to butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEH...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307670
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo bone lead measurement using K X-ray fluorescence (KXRF) has been used to estimate long-term lead exposure, especially in adults. Relatively few studies have been conducted on young subjects with this technique. To explore the measurement variability of KXRF bone lead measurements in young subjects, the tibiae ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.00108239
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important public health challenge has been the need to protect children's health. To accomplish this goal, the scientific community needs scientifically based child-specific risk assessment methods. Critical to their development is the need to understand mechanisms underlying children's sensitivity to environmental...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.00108s113
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to certain phenols is ubiquitous because of their use in many consumer and personal care products. However, predictors of exposure have not been well characterized in most populations. OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify predictors of exposure and to assess the reproducibility of phenol concentrations...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1306830
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The toxicity of many xenobiotic compounds is believed to involve oxidative injury to cells. Direct assessment of mechanistic events involved in xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress is not easily achievable. Development of genetically encoded probes designed for monitoring intracellular redox changes represent...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1206039
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To analyze the implications for human health, the toxicologist requires four sets of data: the results of toxicity and other studies in animals; quantitative data on actual or potential human exposure; whatever information is available on effects of exposure in man; and the statistical extrapolations from the dose-res...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7932273
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pheromones are substances emitted by one individual of a species and eliciting a specific response in a second individual of the same species. In moths (Lepidoptera) generally females lure males for mating by emission of a sex attractant pheromone comprised of either one or more components. Since 1966 the identificati...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.14-1475097
更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five decades ago, lead toxicity in childhood was thought in nonlethal cases to be without residual effect. This misconception was corrected in 1943 by Randolph Byers, who began the modern era of lead neurotoxicology by asserting that lead not only killed cells, but interfered with the normal development of central ner...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.908985
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we evaluated the impact of long-term occupational exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg0) on the personality traits of ex-mercury miners. Study groups included 53 ex-miners previously exposed to Hg0 and 53 age-matched controls. Miners and controls completed the self-reporting Eysenck Personality Quest...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7863
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression is a unique way of characterizing how cells and organisms adapt to changes in the external environment. The measurements of gene expression levels upon exposure to a chemical can be used both to provide information about the mechanism of action of the toxicant and to form a sort of "genetic signature" ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.8194
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adapting to extreme heat is becoming more critical as our climate changes. Previous research reveals that very few communities in the United States have programs to sufficiently prevent health problems during hot weather. OBJECTIVE:Our goal was to examine county-level local heat preparedness and response in...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1306693
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:According to a wide variety of analyses and projections, the potential effects of global climate change on human health are large and diverse. The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), through its basic, clinical, and population research portfolio of grants, has been increasing efforts to understand how ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.1104518
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report reviews the recent literature on the adverse effects of occupational factors on fertility and related reproductive outcomes. Few studies fulfill the criteria of good study design because of small sample size, insensitive measures of effect, selection, recall, and observation bias, weak if any control of co...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.93101s281
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiological research on effects of transportation noise on incident hypertension is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to investigate whether residential road traffic noise increases the risk for hypertension. METHODS:In a population-based cohort of 57,053 individuals 50-64 years of age at enrollment, w...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP6273
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Collaborative studies were performed to develop a functional assay for fish-killing activity produced by Pfiesteria piscicida. Eight cell lines were used to screen organic fractions and residual water fraction by using a 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-(2-4)]-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay. Diethyl ether and a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.99107711
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and elevated blood pressure (BP) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A small number of studies have investigated the relationship between PM and BP and found mixed results. Evidence suggests ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0900591
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to identify mental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders that may be triggered or exacerbated during heat waves, predisposing individuals to heat-related morbidity and mortality. DESIGN:Using health outcome data from Adelaide, South Australia, for 1993-2006, we estimated the effect ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.11339
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemicals may induce cell proliferation directly as mitogens or indirectly via cell death with subsequent proliferation to replace lost cells. Chemically induced proliferation has been demonstrated to play a role in the carcinogenic process. A wide range of procedures and techniques are currently being used to define ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.93101s559
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Perfluoroalkyl acids are persistent compounds used in various industrial -applications. Of these compounds, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is currently detected in humans worldwide. A recent study on low-dose developmental exposure to PFOA in mice reported increased weight and elevated biomarkers of adiposity in ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1104034
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Methylmercury (MeHg) is a known neuro-toxicant. Emerging evidence indicates it may have adverse effects on the neuro-logic and other body systems at common low levels of exposure. Impacts of MeHg exposure could vary by individual susceptibility or be confounded by beneficial nutrients in fish containing MeHg...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.1104494
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chlorinated hydrocarbons chloroform (CHCl3), 1,1-dichlorethane (1,1-DCE) and 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) have been detected in finished drinking water. When administered to B6C3F1 mice by gavage in corn oil, these compounds have been shown to induce hepatic tumors. The present study examines the effect on liver t...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.866989
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Experimental tools for studying the complex steroidogenic interactions that occur between placenta and fetus during human pregnancy are extremely limited. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to develop a co-culture model to study steroidogenesis by the human fetoplacental unit and its disruption by exposure to environmenta...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307518
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fumonisin B1(FB1) is a fungal metabolite of Fusarium verticillioides (= F. moniliforme), a fungus that grows on many crops worldwide. Previous studies demonstrated that male BD IX rats consuming diets containing 50 ppm fumonisin B1 developed hepatocellular carcinomas. In our recent studies, diets containing FB1 at 50 ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109s2309
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy is a sensitive condition during which adverse environmental exposures should be monitored thoroughly and minimized whenever possible. In particular, the hormone balance during gestation is delicate, and disturbance may cause acute or chronic long-term health effects. A potential endocrine disruptio...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP4860
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Groups of female SENCAR or BALB/c mice were initiated once intraperitoneally with 300 micrograms/mouse of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) or 20 mg/mouse of urethane at 7 weeks of age. Beginning one week later, mice received topically applied acetone or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), once weekly, at ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.866861
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A few animal studies on the possible carcinogenic effect of magnetic fields have been published. They have been designed to reveal a possible tumor promotion obtained by applying continuous or pulsed alternating fields at flux densities varying between 0.5 microT and 30 mT on mice or rats initiated with different init...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.95103s263
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (O3) concentrations exceed health standards (an hourly average of 235 micrograms/m3/0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year). Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory responses and significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans....
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.102-1567497
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current research indicates a role for several oncogenes in radiation-induced carcinogenesis in vivo and cell transformation in vitro. Certain oncogenes are probably also involved in some cases of human cancer caused by exposure to nonionizing radiation and may play a mechanistic role in the phenomenon of radioresistan...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.919345
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differential CYP1A1 inducibility, reflecting variations in aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) affinity among inbred mouse strains, is an important determinant of environmental toxicity. We took advantage of the Ahr polymorphism in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice to develop an oligonucleotide-hybridization screening approach f...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.106-1533118
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
