Abstract:
:Syrian hamster embryo cells were treated with galactose oxidase, followed by reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride at pH 7.4. The labeling patterns of galactosyl and N-acetyl galactosaminyl residues on the cell surface were altered in comparing scraped vs. unscraped and buffer vs. media-soaked cells treated with galactose oxidase. From these preliminary studies, the procedure to be used in most of the asbestos treatment studies was to treat cells in situ, in buffer with galactose oxidase, and then to label treated scraped cells with NaB(3)H(4). After 20 hr interaction between chrysotile asbestos and Syrian hamster cell cultures, an alteration in surface labeling of glycolipids and glycoproteins was observed. Tritiated disialogangliosides (G(Dla)) and the higher molecular weight labeled glycoproteins were significantly reduced by asbestos treatment. Similar chrysotile asbestos-treated cultures were grown in monolayers in MEM (Eagles) with 10% fetal bovine serum for 2, 24, 48, and 72 hr and then surface-labeled with galactose oxidase-. NaB(3)H(4) in phosphate buffer. Little or no difference was observed between surface-labeled lipid or protein distribution in untreated cells and those treated with asbestos for 2 hr. Asbestos-induced polar and neutral glycolipid pattern changes were observed at 24, 48, and 72 hr. Disialo- and trisialogangliosides (the more complex gangliosides) were decreased 85%, whereas globoside GL-4 was decreased by 60% at 72 hr. An overall decrease of labeled glycoproteins was observed at 24-48 hr. By 72 hr there was a complete loss of labeled protein bands with 80,000 dalton molecular mass. Since the changes in glycoproteins and glycolipids occur only after extended exposure of the cells to asbestos, the present studies support the concept that a metabolic rather than immediate masking effect is involved. Comparisons of treatment of Syrian hamster embryo cells with various asbestos fibers for 48 hr in the order of decreasing reduction in complex gangliosides were crocidolite>chrysotile (intermediate)>amosite. Effects of the above fibers on high molecular weight glycoproteins labeling followed the same order. The labeling pattern is reminiscent of the increased simplification of glycolipids and glycoproteins found in transformed cells. In the case of asbestos which appears to have no independent mutagenic capability, it is more likely that the membrane changes induced by asbestos serve to allow other mutagens to pass into the cell so as to act on the nuclear structure.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Newman HA,Saat YA,Hart RWdoi
10.1289/ehp.8034103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-02-01 00:00:00pages
103-11eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A review of the experimental studies relating boron to biological effects on appendicular and axial bones in animal models suggests that numerous influences, known and unknown, affect the responsiveness of bone to dietary boron. Degrees of skeletal response to boron are modified by other nutritional variables that inc...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s749
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in agriculture and homes. Animal studies suggest that even moderate doses are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but there are few studies in humans. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship of prenatal and child OP urinary metabolite levels with children's neur...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9828
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal studies suggest that early-life lead exposure influences gene expression and production of proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVES:We attempted to assess the relationship between early-life lead exposure and potential biomarkers for AD among young men and women. We also attempte...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104474
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterocyclic aromatic amine 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) was evaluated for carcinogenic effects in macaques, primarily cynomolgus monkeys. IQ was administered by gavage five times a week at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg. IQ induced hepatocellular carcinoma in 55% of the animals at the low dose and in 95%...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102190
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a large pilot investigation of multimedia exposure to several classes of environmental contaminants, the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS)-Maryland study, we collected 388 semiquantitative food checklists and duplicate diet solid food samples, analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and le...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109121
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::mental retardation: timing and thresholds; (italic)b(/italic)) endocrine dysfunction and developmental disabilities: dose and target implications; (italic)c(/italic)) attention-deficit disorder-ADHD and learning disabilities; and (italic)d(/italic)) new horizons: extending the boundaries. Support for the Rochester con...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s3373
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of female SENCAR or BALB/c mice were initiated once intraperitoneally with 300 micrograms/mouse of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) or 20 mg/mouse of urethane at 7 weeks of age. Beginning one week later, mice received topically applied acetone or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), once weekly, at ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.866861
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In these studies the effects of ingested arsenic (As(+5)) on hepatic heme biosynthetic capability and hemoprotein function in adult male rats were investigated. Animals exposed for 6 weeks to 0, 20, 40, or 85 ppm sodium arsenate in the drinking water suffered depression of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synth...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7719209
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A stratified version of nested case-control sampling which we call "countermatching" is presented. This design uses data available for all cohort members to obtain a sample for collecting additional information in a case-control substudy. Hitherto the only stratified sampling design for such studies has involved match...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s847
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, dioxins), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental endocrine disruptors that have half-lives of 7-10 years in the human body and have toxicities that probably include carcinogenesis. A high ratio of 4-hydroxyl estradiol (4-O...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8809
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief review of the literature indicates that nutritional deficiencies have been shown to increase the absorption and toxicity of orally ingested lead and cadmium. Results from recent studies indicates that low level oral ingestion of cadmium and lead perturbs the metabolism of zinc, copper, and iron and that these ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7825141
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids, myomas) are the most common tumors occurring in the genital tract of women over 30 years of age. These benign uterine smooth-muscle tumors are estimated to be clinically significant in at least 25% of the American female population during their reproductive years. Furthermore, when thorou...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s5769
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hormonally active environmental agents have been measured among U.S. children using exposure biomarkers in urine. However, little is known about their variation by race, age, sex, and geography, and no data exist for newly developed biomarkers. OBJECTIVE:Our goal was to characterize relevant, prevalent expo...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9488
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have linked air pollution to tens of thousands of premature cardiovascular deaths per year. The mechanisms of such associations remain unclear. In this study we examine the association between blood markers of cardiovascular risk and air pollution in a national sample of the U.S. population. Air polluti...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s3405
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is general concern that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) found in the environment, wildlife, food, water, house dust, human tissues, and fluids may alter normal human physiologic activities (e.g., fetal development, immune and endocrine systems). Although the levels of some POPs [polychlorinated bi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0800205
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and reliable te...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7929183
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl eugenol is a naturally occurring material found in a variety of food sources, including spices, oils, and nutritionally important foods such as bananas and oranges. Given its natural occurrence, a broad cross-section of the population is likely exposed. The availability of biomonitoring and toxicology data offe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9057
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lysosomes of several varieties of cells such as the tubular proximal cell of the kidney and the alveolar macrophage have the ability to concentrate and precipitate several elements inhaled in water-soluble form, usually as phosphate. The mechanism involved is attributed to the high acid phosphatase activity of lys...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9297145
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The rapidly increasing dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in both humans and animals poses a global threat to public health. However, the transmission of CRE between humans and animals has not yet been well studied. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and dri...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP5251
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Large quantities of food processing, crop, forestry, and animal solid wastes are generated in the United States each year. The major components of these wastes are biodegradable. However, they also contain components such as nitrogen, human and animal pathogens, medicinals, feed additives, salts, and certain metals, t...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.7827261
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemicals, including commonly used drugs (e.g., penicillin, meprobamate, pyridium, and mercaptomerin) penetrate and persist for some time in the ovarian follicular fluid at concentrations approximately similar to that of the serum. Information as to the penetration of chemicals into the granulosa cells and into the oo...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.782425
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to potential threats to human health and fish populations, six states along the east coast of the United States initiated monitoring programs related to Pfiesteria-like organisms in 1998. These actions were taken in the wake of toxic outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder in Maryland dur...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s5711
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous literature suggests an association between organochlorines and behavioral measures in childhood, including inattention. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to assess whether prenatal organochlorine exposure is associated with measures of attention in early infancy. METHODS:We investigated an associa...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10553
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure mixtures frequently occur in data across many domains, particularly in the fields of environmental and nutritional epidemiology. Various strategies have arisen to answer questions about exposure mixtures, including methods such as weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression that estimate a joint effect o...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP5838
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments and in drinking water has prompted significant public interest regarding potential adverse ecological effects and risks to human health. OBJECTIVES:The Environmental Health Summit held in North Carolina, 10-11 November 2008, explored the issues associa...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901532
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Widespread residential pesticide use throughout the United States has resulted in ubiquitous, low-level pesticide exposure. The mix of active pesticide ingredients is changing in response to 2000-2001 regulations restricting use of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. OBJECTIVES:We a...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11367
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk assessment is a process often divided into the following steps: a) hazard identification, b) dose-response assessment, c) exposure assessment, and d) risk characterization. Regulatory toxicity studies usually are aimed at providing data for the first two steps. Human case reports, environmental research, and in v...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106s1131
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pesticides have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), but there are few data on important exposure characteristics such as dose-effect relations. It is unknown whether associations depend on clinical PD subtypes. OBJECTIVES:We examined quantitative aspects of occupational pesticide exposure associa...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1307970
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Untreated wastewater from the Mexico City basin has been used for decades to irrigate cropland in the Mezquital Valley, State of Hidalgo, Mexico. Excess irrigation water recharges the near-surface aquifer that is used as a domestic water supply source. We assessed the groundwater quality of three key groundwater sourc...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107553
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although indoor residual spraying (IRS) with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pyrethroids effectively controls malaria, it potentially increases human exposure to these insecticides. Previous studies suggest that prenatal exposure to these insecticides may impact human neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVES:...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP2129
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00