Consequences of the AF-2 incident in Japan.

Abstract:

:The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and reliable tester strains in Salmonella and supported the hypothesis of a common mechanism between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Thus preliminary screening for carcinogenic substances has become feasible using mutagenicity as an index. It also contributed greatly to the formulation of legislative measures for chemical substances which for the first time gave due attention to mutagenicity. Furthermore, the exposure of a large population to such a potent mutagen raised a question as to what extent the genetic constitution of the Japanese population might have been damaged. This suggested that urgent need for a system to monitor the total genetic damage to a human genome.

authors

Tazima Y

doi

10.1289/ehp.7929183

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1979-04-01 00:00:00

pages

183-7

eissn

0091-6765

issn

1552-9924

journal_volume

29

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders, using data from the autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Reported associations between gestational tobacco exposure and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE:We estimated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ASDs among children 8 years of age. METHODS:This population-based case-cohort study included 633,989 c...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1104556

    authors: Kalkbrenner AE,Braun JM,Durkin MS,Maenner MJ,Cunniff C,Lee LC,Pettygrove S,Nicholas JS,Daniels JL

    更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00

  • Is there evidence for synergy among air pollutants in causing health effects?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Environmental air pollutants are inhaled as complex mixtures, but the long dominant focus of monitoring and research on individual pollutants has provided modest insight into pollutant interactions that may be important to health. Trends toward managing multiple pollutants to maximize aggregate health gains ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11654

    authors: Mauderly JL,Samet JM

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Meeting report: pharmaceuticals in water-an interdisciplinary approach to a public health challenge.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments and in drinking water has prompted significant public interest regarding potential adverse ecological effects and risks to human health. OBJECTIVES:The Environmental Health Summit held in North Carolina, 10-11 November 2008, explored the issues associa...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.0901532

    authors: Rodriguez-Mozaz S,Weinberg HS

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Low-level lead exposure and elevations in blood pressure during pregnancy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Lead exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure during pregnancy; however, the magnitude of this relationship at low exposure levels is unclear. OBJECTIVES:Our goal was to determine the association between low-level lead exposure and blood pressure during late pregnancy. METHODS:We collected admis...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1002666

    authors: Wells EM,Navas-Acien A,Herbstman JB,Apelberg BJ,Silbergeld EK,Caldwell KL,Jones RL,Halden RU,Witter FR,Goldman LR

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Targeting Hispanic populations: future research and prevention strategies.

    abstract::Minority populations face a wide variety of economic, institutional, and cultural barriers to health care. These barriers and low levels of education and income pose significant challenges for health professionals in developing cancer research and prevention-control strategies. It is suggested that specific segments o...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s8287

    authors: Ramirez AG,McAlister A,Gallion KJ,Villarreal R

    更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00

  • Contribution of lead in dust to children's blood lead.

    abstract::The importance of urban dust as a source of lead for young children is still disputed. Although blood-lead data from various population surveys usually show a peak concentration in early childhood, there is evidence that such a peak is small or absent altogether in children without much access to the general environme...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.8350371

    authors: Duggan MJ

    更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00

  • Diseases associated with immunosuppression.

    abstract::Impairment of any of the major components of the immune system (T-cells, B-cells phagocytes, complement) may result in clinical immunodeficiency. Immune defects can arise from intrinsic or heritable defects of lymphoid elements, failure of normal cellular differentiation, viral infection or other acquired causes. Clin...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.82439

    authors: Heise ER

    更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00

  • The Salmonella mutagenicity assay: the stethoscope of genetic toxicology for the 21st century.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:According to the 2007 National Research Council report Toxicology for the Twenty-First Century, modern methods (e.g., "omics," in vitro assays, high-throughput testing, computational methods) will lead to the emergence of a new approach to toxicology. The Salmonella mammalian microsome mutagenicity assay has...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1002336

    authors: Claxton LD,Umbuzeiro Gde A,DeMarini DM

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Associations between arsenic in drinking water and pterygium in southwestern Taiwan.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Pterygium is a fibrovascular growth of the bulbar conjunctiva and underlying subconjunctival tissue that may cause blindness. The mechanism of pterygium formation is not yet fully understood, but pterygium has some tumorlike features. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to evaluate the association be...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11111

    authors: Lin W,Wang SL,Wu HJ,Chang KH,Yeh P,Chen CJ,Guo HR

    更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00

  • Developmental exposure to PCBs, MeHg, or both: long-term effects on auditory function.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or methylmercury (MeHg) can result in a variety of neurotoxic effects, including long-term auditory deficits. However, little is known about the effects of combined exposure to PCBs and MeHg on auditory function. OBJECTIVE:We developmentally exposed...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.0800428

    authors: Powers BE,Poon E,Sable HJ,Schantz SL

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Trends in health in the United States.

    abstract::The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts a variety of surveys designed to provide cross-sectional estimates of the prevalence of various factors measuring the health of Americans. When these cross-sectional estimates are put together and plotted over time, they provide a picture of the trends in the h...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.8562267

    authors: Feinleib M,Wilson RW

    更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00

  • Biomarker research in neurotoxicology: the role of mechanistic studies to bridge the gap between the laboratory and epidemiological investigations.

    abstract::There is an increasing interest in the development and validation of biomarkers for use in biochemical/molecular epidemiological studies. Though the area of neurotoxicology has received much attention in the past several years, it still lags behind with regard to the development of biomarkers, particularly those of he...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s155

    authors: Costa LG

    更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00

  • Assessing environmental chemicals for estrogenicity using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays.

    abstract::Because of rampant concern that estrogenic chemicals in the environment may be adversely affecting the health of humans and wildlife, reliable methods for detecting and characterizing estrogenic chemicals are needed. It is important that general agreement be reached on which tests to use and that these tests then be a...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.961041296

    authors: Shelby MD,Newbold RR,Tully DB,Chae K,Davis VL

    更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00

  • A cohort study of traffic-related air pollution and mortality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may contribute to premature mortality, but few studies to date have addressed this topic. OBJECTIVES:In this study we assessed the association between TRAP and mortality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. METHODS:We collected nitrogen dioxide samples over ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11533

    authors: Jerrett M,Finkelstein MM,Brook JR,Arain MA,Kanaroglou P,Stieb DM,Gilbert NL,Verma D,Finkelstein N,Chapman KR,Sears MR

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Cadmium-Associated Differential Methylation throughout the Placental Genome: Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Two U.S. Birth Cohorts.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant that can accumulate in the placenta during pregnancy, where it may impair placental function and affect fetal development. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to investigate Cd-associated variations in placental DNA methylation (DNAM) and associations with gene expression...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/EHP2192

    authors: Everson TM,Punshon T,Jackson BP,Hao K,Lambertini L,Chen J,Karagas MR,Marsit CJ

    更新日期:2018-01-22 00:00:00

  • The isolated perfused lung.

    abstract::The unique nonrespiratory functions of the lungs have become more apparent in recent years. The isolated perfused lung model offers many advantages over other methods for the study of pulmonary metabolism, xenobiotic disposition and the influence of interactions among agents of different physical forms. Detailed descr...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.845635

    authors: Niemeier RW

    更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00

  • A framework for assessing risks to children from exposure to environmental agents.

    abstract::In recent years there has been an increasing focus in environmental risk assessment on children as a potentially susceptible population. There also has been growing recognition of the need for a systematic approach for organizing, evaluating, and incorporating the available data on children's susceptibilities in risk ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.6182

    authors: Daston G,Faustman E,Ginsberg G,Fenner-Crisp P,Olin S,Sonawane B,Bruckner J,Breslin W,McLaughlin TJ

    更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00

  • Expanded operational concept of high risk groups and its role in standard setting.

    abstract::The role of the knowledge of high risk groups in the standard-setting process is examined. The overall conclusion is that many potential high risk segments of the population have not been studied adequately and that this deficiency in our knowledge markedly reduces the ability of decision makers to derive appropriate ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.8352257

    authors: Calabrese EJ

    更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00

  • Depression, Mental Distress, and Domestic Conflict among Louisiana Women Exposed to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the WaTCH Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Psychological sequelae are among the most pronounced effects in populations following exposure to oil spills. Women in particular represent a vulnerable yet influential population but have remained relatively understudied with respect to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS). OBJECTIVE:To describe the rela...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/EHP167

    authors: Rung AL,Gaston S,Oral E,Robinson WT,Fontham E,Harrington DJ,Trapido E,Peters ES

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Chrysotile in water.

    abstract::The problems of quantitating chrysotile in water by fiber count techniques are reviewed briefly and the use of mass quantitation is suggested as a preferable measure. Chrysotile fiber has been found in almost every sample of natural water examined, but generally transmission electron miscroscopy (TEM) is required beca...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.749161

    authors: Speil S

    更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00

  • The characterization of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation in inactivating airborne microorganisms.

    abstract::In this study, we explored the efficacy of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) in reducing the concentration of Serratia marcescens and Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) aerosols in enclosed places. We constructed a facility (4.5 m x 3 m x 2.9 m) in which both ceiling- and wall-mounted...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.0211095

    authors: Ko G,First MW,Burge HA

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero and subsequent plasma lipids, ApoB, and CRP among adult women in the MoBa cohort.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent findings suggest that maternal smoking during pregnancy may play a role in the development of metabolic alterations in offspring during childhood. However, whether such exposure increases the risk of developing similar metabolic alterations during adulthood is uncertain. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the as...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1104563

    authors: Cupul-Uicab LA,Skjaerven R,Haug K,Travlos GS,Wilson RE,Eggesbø M,Hoppin JA,Whitworth KW,Longnecker MP

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Predicting children's short-term exposure to pesticides: results of a questionnaire screening approach.

    abstract::The ability of questionnaires to predict children's exposure to pesticides was examined as part of the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). The MNCPES focused on a probability sample of 102 children between the ages of 3 and 13 years living in either urban (Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN) or nonurban ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.5823

    authors: Sexton K,Adgate JL,Eberly LE,Clayton CA,Whitmore RW,Pellizzari ED,Lioy PJ,Quackenboss JJ

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Indoor air pollution and childhood asthma: effective environmental interventions.

    abstract::Exposure to indoor air pollutants such as tobacco smoke and dust mites may exacerbate childhood asthma. Environmental interventions to reduce exposures to these pollutants can help prevent exacerbations of the disease. Among the most important interventions is the elimination of environmental tobacco smoke from the en...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s655

    authors: Etzel RA

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00

  • Environmental practices for biomedical research facilities.

    abstract::As a result of the Leadership Conference on Biomedical Research and the Environment, the Facilities Committee focused its work on the development of best environmental practices at biomedical research facilities at the university and independent research facility level as well as consideration of potential involvement...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s6945

    authors: Medlin EL,Grupenhoff JT

    更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00

  • Lessons from Toxicology: Developing a 21st-Century Paradigm for Medical Research.

    abstract::Biomedical developments in the 21st century provide an unprecedented opportunity to gain a dynamic systems-level and human-specific understanding of the causes and pathophysiologies of disease. This understanding is a vital need, in view of continuing failures in health research, drug discovery, and clinical translati...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1510345

    authors: Langley G,Austin CP,Balapure AK,Birnbaum LS,Bucher JR,Fentem J,Fitzpatrick SC,Fowle JR 3rd,Kavlock RJ,Kitano H,Lidbury BA,Muotri AR,Peng SQ,Sakharov D,Seidle T,Trez T,Tonevitsky A,van de Stolpe A,Whelan M,Willett C

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00

  • Carcinogenicity of airborne combustion products observed in subcutaneous tissue and lungs of laboratory rodents.

    abstract::Most air pollution in West Germany is caused by combustion products. Particulate organic matter released by incomplete combustion is suspected to contribute to the "urban factor" of lung cancer frequency in urban-industrial centers. The carcinogenic potential of single components, groups of compounds and total source ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.8347293

    authors: Pott F,Stöber W

    更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00

  • Persistent organic pollutant residues in human fetal liver and placenta from Greater Montreal, Quebec: a longitudinal study from 1998 through 2006.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:There is general concern that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) found in the environment, wildlife, food, water, house dust, human tissues, and fluids may alter normal human physiologic activities (e.g., fetal development, immune and endocrine systems). Although the levels of some POPs [polychlorinated bi...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.0800205

    authors: Doucet J,Tague B,Arnold DL,Cooke GM,Hayward S,Goodyer CG

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Selective retention of hydroxylated PCB metabolites in blood.

    abstract::Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are important environmental contaminants, and their toxicity to wildlife and humans are of major concern. PCBs form persistent and abundant metabolites, PCB methyl sulfones, that accumulate in biota. We now report that certain hydroxylated PCB metabolites show a strong and selective ac...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.94102464

    authors: Bergman A,Klasson-Wehler E,Kuroki H

    更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00

  • Locus-Specific Differential DNA Methylation and Urinary Arsenic: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study in Blood among Adults with Low-to-Moderate Arsenic Exposure.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic exposure to arsenic (As), a human toxicant and carcinogen, remains a global public health problem. Health risks persist after As exposure has ended, suggesting epigenetic dysregulation as a mechanistic link between exposure and health outcomes. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the association between tota...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/EHP6263

    authors: Bozack AK,Domingo-Relloso A,Haack K,Gamble MV,Tellez-Plaza M,Umans JG,Best LG,Yracheta J,Gribble MO,Cardenas A,Francesconi KA,Goessler W,Tang WY,Fallin MD,Cole SA,Navas-Acien A

    更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00