Abstract：
:Many of the pathogens that cause human infectious diseases do not infect rodents or other mammalian species. Small animal models that allow studies of the pathogenesis of these agents and evaluation of drug efficacy are critical for identifying ways to prevent and treat human infectious diseases. Immunodeficient mice engrafted with functional human cells and tissues, termed 'humanized' mice, represent a critical pre-clinical bridge for in vivo studies of human pathogens. Recent advances in the development of humanized mice have allowed in vivo studies of multiple human infectious agents providing novel insights into their pathogenesis that was otherwise not possible.
journal_name
Curr Opin Immunoljournal_title
Current opinion in immunologyauthors
Brehm MA,Jouvet N,Greiner DL,Shultz LDdoi
10.1016/j.coi.2013.05.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-08-01 00:00:00pages
428-35issue
4eissn
0952-7915issn
1879-0372pii
S0952-7915(13)00082-4journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:CD8 T cell differentiation is a tightly regulated process generating effector and memory T cells over the course of acute infections. In cancer and chronic infection, this differentiation program is derailed, and antigen-specific CD8 T cells differentiate to a hyporesponsive state generally referred to as T cell exhau...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2019.04.014
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a growing appreciation for the role for B cells in autoimmune disorders in which inflammation is driven by T cells, in addition to the well-established role for B cells in autoimmune disorders characterized by pathogenic auto-antibodies. Current information on tolerance checkpoints in B cells, B cell depletio...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2011.10.007
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in mass spectrometry technology have facilitated detailed examination of MHC-II immunopeptidomes, for example the repertoires of peptides bound to MHC-II molecules expressed in antigen presenting cells. These studies have deepened our view of MHC-II presentation. Other studies have broadened our view o...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2016.03.004
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research has made great strides in uncovering the mechanisms by which the T helper 1 (Th1) cell gene expression program is established. In particular, studies examining the transcription factors T-bet, STAT1, and STAT4 have elucidated their roles in regulating Th1 signature genes, including Ifng, and have start...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2011.12.004
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zika virus (ZIKV) is the most recent mosquito-transmitted virus to cause a global health crisis following its entrance into a naïve population in the Western Hemisphere. Once the ZIKV outbreak began investigators rapidly established small and large animal models of pathogenesis, developed a number candidate vaccines u...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2018.04.024
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rise in IgE-mediated food allergy in recent times is the likely result of gene-environment interactions mediated via epigenetic pathways. As epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are at the interface between the environment and the genome, they may be ideal biomarkers of modifiable disease pathways....
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2016.05.005
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute inflammatory responses are essential for pathogen control and tissue repair but can also cause severe collateral damage. Tight regulation of the response is required to minimize host injury, but in the face of chronic infections and age-associated immune dysregulation, inflammatory processes may exert multiple d...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2014.03.007
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:V(D)J recombination not only comprises the molecular mechanism that insures diversity of the immune system but also constitutes a critical checkpoint in the developmental program of B and T lymphocytes. The analysis of human patients with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) has enabled (and will enable in the fut...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(03)00101-8
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide-MHC interactions govern the fate of T cells in the thymus and the peripheral T cell repertoire. Recent progress has involved investigating how different peptides influence T cell selection and mature T cell function and the subsequent implications for tolerance and autoimmunity. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(96)80009-4
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the role of PD-1 in inhibiting immunity during chronic infections is well established, its functions during acute infections are much less clear. The PD-1 pathway can dampen CD8 T cell responses during some acute infections and restrain responses by 'helpless' CD8 memory T cells. An emerging role for PD-1 in inn...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2010.03.007
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cell responses are regulated by integrating positive and negative signals from costimulatory and inhibitory receptors. While the function of specific T cell costimulatory molecules during infections has been appreciated for some time, recent observations have now revealed a crucial role for inhibitory receptors in r...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2009.01.010
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimicrobials represent a broad class of chemicals with the intended purpose of eliminating or controlling the growth of harmful microorganisms. Exposure can occur occupationally or through the use or consumption of consumer products. The use of antimicrobial agents has been associated with an increased incidence of ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are programmed by the mammalian fetus to induce the development of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. LTi cells share a pro-inflammatory profile with Th17 cells, as well as their requirement for the transcription factor RORγt. We discuss here the latest data on the fetal and post-nata...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2012.02.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of some tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens may define the stage, rate and phenotype of tumor progression and may have prognostic value. Some of these antigens are now recognized as adhesion molecules that define the site of metastasis. Monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, or ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(91)90091-e
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic cells are responsible for directing different types of T cell responses, from thymic negative selection to the generation of effector and memory cells and the induction of peripheral tolerance. Recent studies indicate that the dendritic cell lineage, the extent of recruitment into inflamed tissues and migrat...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00218-1
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with elevated serum IgE levels and sensitization to a variety of inhalant, food and microbial allergens. Controlled challenges have provided substantial evidence that allergens can trigger acute IgE-mediated mast-cell dependent exacerbations of eczema...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(93)90112-6
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with helminths has been associated with lower rates of asthma and other allergic diseases. This has been attributed, in part, to the ability of helminths to induce regulatory T cells that suppress inappropriate immune responses to allergens. Recent compelling evidence suggests that helminths may promote regu...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.007
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many humanized antibodies and fusion proteins targeting T-cell co-stimulatory molecules are now in late-stage clinical development (phase II, phase III) or have recently completed phase III clinical trials. Both Amevive, an LFA-3-Ig fusion protein targeting CD2, and Xanelim, a humanized anti-CD11a antibody, have shown...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(01)00279-5
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell death is an integral part of the functioning of the immune system. For T cells, potentially autoreactive or 'useless' cells are removed through apoptosis in response to signals (or lack of signals) from their T cell receptor complex. A myriad of proteins that can initiate or protect cells from cell death have rec...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80083-0
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accessory molecules are required for microbial recognition by Toll-like receptor (TLR), subsequent signaling, and regulation of ensuing immune responses. Accessory molecules regulate TLRs on the cell surface (MD-2 and RP105), or in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Unc93B, PRAT4A, and gp96). Other types of accessory mol...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2008.07.001
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Much has been learned recently about the structure and function of 55 kDa bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), a member of a genomically conserved lipid-interactive protein family. Analysis of BPI fragments and the crystal structure of human BPI have established that BPI consists of two functionally dis...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80030-7
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumors of diverse origin have recently been shown to express CD95 ligand and to induce apoptosis in CD95-expressing targets in vitro; however, in vivo, enhanced tumor growth and rejection have both been observed as a consequence of either immunosuppressive or proinflammatory functions of CD95 ligand. The final in vivo...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80225-2
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch family of evolutionarily conserved proteins regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate decisions and differentiation processes during fetal and post-natal development. The best characterized role of Notch signaling during mammalian hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis is the essential function of the Notch1 receptor...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2004.01.002
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases result from the dysregulation of genetic and proteomic programs. In MS, the loss of immune homeostasis leads to aberrant targeting and destruction of the myelin sheath, which manifests as the clinical syndrome of MS. The advent of technologies to perform large-scal...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2003.09.015
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conceptually, a universal influenza vaccine should elicit broadly protective antibody responses targeting highly conserved epitope(s) shared by various virus strains. Strategically directing antibody immunity to the conserved hemagglutinin stalk has recently emerged as a promising approach that is substantiated by the...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.020
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevailing paradigm ascribes activation of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to the detection of CpG-motifs within pathogen derived DNA. However, new work ties natural phospho-diester (PD) DNA recognition by TLR9 to the detection of the DNA sugar backbone 2' deoxyribose. PD 2' deoxyribose homopolymers lacking DNA bases ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2008.06.013
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The strong genetic association of ERAP1 (endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which is restricted to HLA-B27 positive cases, has profound pathogenetic implications. ERAP1 is involved in trimming peptides to optimal length for binding to HLA class 1 molecules, thereby not only affec...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2012.11.002
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have increased our understanding of the nature of autoimmune recognition and of the identity of autoantigens, at least in model systems. Knowledge of the autoantigens and the process of recognition is suggesting new therapies for autoimmune disease. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(91)90071-8
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) persists within the host in the presence of concomitant immunity by establishing a latent infection within sensory neurons. HSV-1 latency is widely viewed as a neuron-enforced quiescent state of the virus, in which a lack of viral protein synthesis prevents recognition of the infect...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.003
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sensing of nucleic acids by pattern recognition receptors is a central feature of innate immunity and is mediated by two types of receptors, Toll-like receptors and cytosolic receptors. Indeed, DNA, be it pathogen-derived or self-derived, can potently trigger the innate immune system; and much attention has been f...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2009.01.005
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
