B cells and autoimmunity.

abstract：:Until very recently, the function of CD14 was thought to be limited to innate immune responses to bacterial and other microbial structures. It is now known that macrophage CD14 serves an additional unexpected function, namely as a receptor involved in the recognition and phagocytosis of cells undergoing apoptosis. In ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Gregory CD

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A diverse B cell repertoire is essential for an effective immune response. Not only to provide a variety of antibodies to recognise the multiplicity of likely pathogen challenge, but also because B cells are important regulators of the immune response. In addition to their excellent capabilities as antigen presenting ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Dunn-Walters DK,Ademokun AA

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extraordinary sensitivity and specificity of T cells for their cognate antigen make them a highly attractive cancer therapeutic. However, the rarity of tumor-reactive T cells in cancer patients, the difficulty isolating them in sufficient numbers for adoptive immunotherapy, and the unpredictable persistence of tra...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Turtle CJ,Riddell SR

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant insight has been gained into constraints on the sensitivity and specificity of staining with class I tetramers. The function of the populations that are defined varies with the clinical situation. Insight has also been gained into the determinants of the CD8(+) T cell response during primary and chronic HI...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Kelleher AD,Rowland-Jones SL

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A two chain model, composed of ligand-binding and signal transducing subunits, first identified in the interleukin-6 receptor system, has been revealed in several other cytokine systems. Common signal transducers shared by several receptor systems may explain a functional redundancy characteristic of cytokines. The si...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Akira S,Kishimoto T

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been associated with benign and malignant epithelial proliferations in either skin or mucosa. Two HPV oncogenic proteins, E6 and E7, are important in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation and are co-expressed in the majority of HPV-containing carcinomas. Therefore,...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wu TC

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I and type II interferons (IFNα/β and IFNγ) are cytokines that play indispensable roles in directing myeloid cell activity during inflammatory and immune responses. Each IFN type binds a distinct receptor (IFNAR or IFNGR) to transduce signals that reshape gene expression and function of myeloid and other cell typ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Crisler WJ,Lenz LL

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of defined tumor antigens and their application in therapeutic cancer vaccines has not yet resulted in a successful therapy for cancer patients. Recent data suggest that this might be because most current clinical immunotherapeutic strategies rely on a tolerized tumor-reactive T-cell repertoire, resultin...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Overwijk WW

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobials represent a broad class of chemicals with the intended purpose of eliminating or controlling the growth of harmful microorganisms. Exposure can occur occupationally or through the use or consumption of consumer products. The use of antimicrobial agents has been associated with an increased incidence of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Anderson SE,Weatherly L,Shane HL

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not surprisingly, most of the publications on enzyme immunoassays or latex agglutination tests in 1990 have been applications for specific antigens or antibodies. Nevertheless, a large number of studies of considerable interest to all users have been reported. In this short review, we have chosen to highlight investig...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tijssen P,Adam A

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basophils are rare effector cells of the innate immune system. They are generally associated with type 2 immune responses that develop during helminth infections and allergic reactions. The role of basophils for initiation and execution of allergic immune responses is not well understood. Over the past few years new t...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Voehringer D

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fundamental advances in the fields of molecular biology and immunology have facilitated investigation of the autoimmune blistering disorders. Recently, the use of human autoantibodies has helped to identify biologically important adhesion molecules of the skin, and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in bullous skin di...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Nousari HC,Anhalt GJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signals are crucial for initiation of humoral immune responses and must be actively modulated and/or terminated in preparation for receipt of subsequent cues for progression. BCR signaling is also actively inhibited in autoreactive cells in which unresponsiveness is maintained by anergy. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Gauld SB,Merrell KT,Cambier JC

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ensemble of antibodies found in serum and secretions represents the key adaptive component of B-cell mediated humoral immunity. The antibody repertoire is shaped by the historical record of exposure to exogenous factors such as pathogens and vaccines, as well as by endogenous host-intrinsic factors such as genetic...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wine Y,Horton AP,Ippolito GC,Georgiou G

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumors of diverse origin have recently been shown to express CD95 ligand and to induce apoptosis in CD95-expressing targets in vitro; however, in vivo, enhanced tumor growth and rejection have both been observed as a consequence of either immunosuppressive or proinflammatory functions of CD95 ligand. The final in vivo...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Walker PR,Saas P,Dietrich PY

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical and experimental data now clearly indicate that chronic inflammation significantly contributes to cancer development. Emerging out of these studies is an appreciation that persistent humoral immune responses exacerbate recruitment and activation of innate immune cells in neoplastic microenvironments where the...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tan TT,Coussens LM

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The invariant chain (Ii) has been shown to play a critical role in the assembly, intracellular transport and function of MHC class II molecules. Recent studies suggest that these distinct activities can in many cases be attributed to distinct isoforms of Ii or to specific regions within it. Thus, regulation of Ii synt...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sant AJ,Miller J

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC)-theta; plays an important role in T-lymphocyte activation, as indicated by numerous studies in cell lines, was recently confirmed in mice deficient in the expression of this enzyme. In response to TCR stimulation, peripheral T cells lacking PKC-theta; failed to activate NF-ka...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Arendt CW,Albrecht B,Soos TJ,Littman DR

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular entry of HIV-1 is mediated by interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptors that serve as entry coreceptors. The immune response against HIV-1 is regulated by genes of the HLA locus. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes have recently been associated with effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis. The history and implicati...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Michael NL

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of some tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens may define the stage, rate and phenotype of tumor progression and may have prognostic value. Some of these antigens are now recognized as adhesion molecules that define the site of metastasis. Monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, or ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hakomori S

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:V(D)J recombination can be separated into two basic operations: DNA cleavage and joining of broken ends. Our understanding of both reactions has increased substantially in the past year. Major advances include the development of a cell-free system capable of cleavage and the identification of several proteins involved...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Bogue M,Roth DB

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinctions between tumor necrosis factor, TNF-alpha, and lymphotoxin, TNF-beta, have previously been based on the differences between their protein sequences, biological activity, and molecular regulation. In the past year, elucidation of the molecular nature of the two molecules and the interactions with common rec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Ruddle NH

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular repertoire for innate recognition of bacterial pathogens has expanded rapidly in the past decade. These immunosensors include Toll-like receptors and the more recently defined NOD-like receptors (NLRs): NODs, NALPs, NAIP and IPAF. Toll-like receptors signal from the cell surface or endosome upon ligand b...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Delbridge LM,O'Riordan MX

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Commensal bacterial communities residing within the intestinal lumen of mammals have evolved to flourish in this microenvironment. To preserve this niche, commensal bacteria act with the host to prevent colonization by invasive pathogens that induce inflammation and disrupt the intestinal niche commensal bacteria occu...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Abt MC,Pamer EG

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise in IgE-mediated food allergy in recent times is the likely result of gene-environment interactions mediated via epigenetic pathways. As epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are at the interface between the environment and the genome, they may be ideal biomarkers of modifiable disease pathways....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Martino DJ,Saffery R,Allen KJ,Prescott SL

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings indicate that activated T lymphocytes, showing restricted T-cell receptor repertoire and a Th1-like profile of cytokine production, are responsible for macrophage activation and release of inflammatory cytokines, toxic oxygen metabolites and nitric oxide, which initiate and maintain the transmural inte...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Romagnani P,Annunziato F,Baccari MC,Parronchi P

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and maintenance of regulatory T (T-reg) cells is crucial for determining the level of reactivity in the immune system. Until recently, however, surprisingly little was known about the factors involved in the development of these cells in the thymus or the mechanisms that maintain them in the periphery....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Liston A,Rudensky AY

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In normal hematopoiesis, differentiation and maturation of cell populations belonging to various lineages are tightly regulated by the interaction of many transcription factors. The relative numbers of different myeloid cells depends on their proliferative/apoptotic rate, while their identity relates to their recruitm...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sonda N,Chioda M,Zilio S,Simonato F,Bronte V

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute inflammatory responses are essential for pathogen control and tissue repair but can also cause severe collateral damage. Tight regulation of the response is required to minimize host injury, but in the face of chronic infections and age-associated immune dysregulation, inflammatory processes may exert multiple d...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Pawelec G,Goldeck D,Derhovanessian E

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transplantation of organs between individuals of disparate species is being considered as a potential solution to a serious shortage of donor organs for clinical transplantation. We summarize recent papers concerning the immunologic barrier to xenotransplantation, the pathogenesis of hyperacute rejection and repor...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Platt JL,Bach FH

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00