Abstract:
:Cell death is an integral part of the functioning of the immune system. For T cells, potentially autoreactive or 'useless' cells are removed through apoptosis in response to signals (or lack of signals) from their T cell receptor complex. A myriad of proteins that can initiate or protect cells from cell death have recently been identified.
journal_name
Curr Opin Immunoljournal_title
Current opinion in immunologyauthors
Winoto Adoi
10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80083-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-06-01 00:00:00pages
365-70issue
3eissn
0952-7915issn
1879-0372pii
S0952-7915(97)80083-0journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Cells of the adaptive immune system (T and B cells) causing autoimmunity require activation signals that are normally provided by the innate immune system. Innate signaling receptors are obvious candidates for participation in the induction of autoimmunity, and the nature of these receptors suggests that microbes coul...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.08.003
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major barrier to clinically successful pig-to-human xenotransplantation is antibody- and complement-dependent hyperacute rejection, known to be due to host anti-Galalpha(1,3)Gal antibodies. Strategies aimed at eliminating hyperacute rejection involve transgenic approaches to eliminate or reduce expression of Galal...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(99)00011-4
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteasomes are large multicatalytic proteinase complexes which are responsible for the selective degradation of cellular proteins and the production of peptides for antigen presentation. Proteasomes are localized both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, where some are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membra...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80040-x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diseases due to defect in tolerance induction such as allergy, celiac disease, or Type 1 Diabetes develop mostly in childhood indicating the necessity of early intervention for primary prevention. Epidemiological studies report that breastfeeding could protect from these diseases. However, data are controversial and t...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.08.008
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although autoantigen-induced negative selection plays an important role in shaping the mature B-cell repertoire, studies in recent years have suggested that differentiation into any of the three mature B-cell subsets (marginal zone B cells, follicular B cells and B-1 B cells) is not a passive product of autoreactive B...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2004.01.006
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma, one of the most common chronic diseases, is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. The results of genome screens for asthma-related traits in 11 different populations identified at least 18 regions of the genome that probably house asthma/atopy genes. The most consistently replicated regions are on chromosomes ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00393-x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of human papillomavirus as the etiological factor for cervical cancer provides an opportunity to treat these malignancies by vaccination. Although therapeutic vaccination against viral oncogenes regularly induces a specific T cell response, clinical effectivity remains low. Three factors are particu...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2015.05.002
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triggering lymphocyte effector functions is controlled by a diverse array of immune cell coreceptors that dampen or potentiate the primary activation signal from antigen receptors. Attenuation of lymphocyte activation has been shown to be accomplished by immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs that upon phosph...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2011.01.005
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Typical immune responses lead to the prominent clonal expansion of antigen-specific T cells followed by their differentiation into effector cells. Most effector cells die at the end of the immune response but some of the responding cells survive and form long-lived memory cells. The factors controlling the formation a...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00211-9
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The breaking of tolerance or unresponsiveness to self-antigens, involving the activation of autoreactive lymphocytes, is a critical event leading to autoimmune diseases. The precise mechanisms by which this can occur are mostly unknown. Viruses have been implicated in this process, among other etiological factors, suc...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(96)80019-7
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The commensal bacteria normally resident in the gastrointestinal tract represent an enormous pool of foreign antigen within the body. Although mechanical barriers limit entry of bacteria into the host, recent data suggest that T cells routinely interact with commensal bacteria using both antigen-specific and non-speci...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.04.009
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological cell death, which occurs as a continuous byproduct of cellular turnover, is non-immunogenic or even tolerogenic, thereby avoiding autoimmunity. By contrast, cancer cell death elicited by radiotherapy and some chemotherapeutic agents such as anthracyclines is immunogenic. Recent data suggest that innate a...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2008.05.007
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Precursor B cells assemble a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes by the process of V(D)J recombination. Assembly of IgH genes is regulated in a tissue- and stage-specific manner via the activation and then the inactivation of distinct regions within the one megabase IgH locus. Recent studies have shown tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2006.03.008
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defensins are a component of the host response against bacterial infections. Multiple studies suggest a linked upregulation of beta-defensins and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in various tissues, as well as the possibility of mutual induction. Recent data demonstrate the importance of nucleotide-binding oligom...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.06.008
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD8 T cell differentiation is a tightly regulated process generating effector and memory T cells over the course of acute infections. In cancer and chronic infection, this differentiation program is derailed, and antigen-specific CD8 T cells differentiate to a hyporesponsive state generally referred to as T cell exhau...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2019.04.014
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolerance to the foetal 'allograft' has been extensively studied in the past few years, providing interesting new insights. In addition to a potential role for HLA-G, which has been widely discussed, there are hypotheses suggesting roles for several other molecules or cells: leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00170-9
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of pathogenic autoantibodies in organ-specific autoimmune diseases is largely T cell dependent. For many of these diseases, the precise specificities and cytokine profiles of the T cells that respond to the corresponding autoantigens have now been identified. This knowledge has been exploited to treat s...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00160-6
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases result from the dysregulation of genetic and proteomic programs. In MS, the loss of immune homeostasis leads to aberrant targeting and destruction of the myelin sheath, which manifests as the clinical syndrome of MS. The advent of technologies to perform large-scal...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2003.09.015
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptides presented by MHC class I molecules are typically produced through antigen degradation by the proteasome followed by trimming by exopeptidases. According to recent results, these include both aminopeptidases and carboxypeptidases in the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum. While cytosolic peptidases have a n...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.10.001
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem. There are >350 million of people chronically infected with this virus worldwide. Hepatitis B vaccines are effective in preventing the infection. Humoral immunity is the key factor in conferring the protection. Hepatitis B surface antibody titers of ≥10mIU/m...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.12.013
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pig-to-primate organ survival has been extended from a few minutes to weeks and occasionally months, following the development of transgenic pigs that express human complement-regulatory proteins, efficient antibody removal technologies and immunosuppressive strategies. The current limitation to the clinical applicati...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00139-4
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery of PTPN22 as a novel susceptibility gene in human type 1 diabetes and continued progress in defining genes in animal models of the disease mark a fruitful period in the field of type 1 diabetes genetics. In addition, the similarities of the genetic and functional aspects across species have been s...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2005.09.013
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-antigen-MHC complexes expressed by thymic stromal cells serve as ligands for TCR-mediated positive and negative selection, resulting in a self-MHC-restricted, self-tolerant T cell repertoire. It has recently become apparent that thymic stromal cells differ in their accessibility to antigen as well as their abilit...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(99)00069-2
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of the complement system is much more ancient than that of adaptive immunity, which is only found in jawed vertebrates. Recently, complement components of the alternative and lectin pathways have been identified in jawless fishes, and even in some deuterostome invertebrates. The primitive complement system ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00184-9
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Co-receptors have been shown to regulate the antigen-receptor signaling threshold for B cell responses by modulating the activation of signaling molecules that are essential for transmitting a signal through the antigen-receptor. Co-receptors appear to modulate the signaling threshold for B cell tolerance distinctly f...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(99)80041-7
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lack of information on the mechanisms of protective immunity to AIDS virus infection represents a major obstacle to the development of a rational strategy for an effective HIV vaccine. In macaques, immunization with live attenuated simian immunodeficiency viruses has induced the most potent protective immunity and con...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80118-0
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies specific for defined peptide-MHC complexes are now being used to physically detect T-cell receptor ligands. These reagents have resulted in the identification of the cells that present antigen in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues after various forms of antigen administration. In addition, recent ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2003.11.001
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Killer Ig-like receptors (KIRs) are surface inhibitory receptors specific for allelic forms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, which are expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T lymphocytes. Upon engagement with HLA class I molecules, KIRs block NK cell activation and function. Cells l...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2004.07.010
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD8(+) T cells are key effector cells of the adaptive immune system, however their activity must be tightly regulated to allow pathogen clearance whilst preventing immunopathology and autoimmunity. In this review, we summarise the diversity of responses that CD8(+) T cells make to antigenic stimulation with a focus on...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.05.008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adoptive transfer of T cells isolated or engineered to have specificity for diseased cells represents an ideal approach for the targeted therapy of human viral and malignant diseases. The therapeutic potential of adoptive T cell therapy for infections and cancer was demonstrated in rodent models long ago, but the ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.02.010
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00