A standard dose of radiation for "microscopic disease" is not appropriate.

abstract：:For women who are candidates for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), estrogen can provide relief from symptomatic menopause, decrease rates of chronic illnesses, and improve health-related quality of life. However, confusion surrounds the evidence regarding the impact of exogenous estrogen and progesterone on the breast...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Temkin SM,Mallen A,Bellavance E,Rubinsak L,Wenham RM

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of conservation surgery and radiation therapy for early breast cancer is gaining acceptance as an alternative to radical mastectomy. This article reviews the results of randomized trials showing that there is no advantage to a radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer. In addition, the ar...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Montague ED,Ames FC,Schell SR,Romsdahl MM

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One hundred thirty-five hepatocellular carcinomas were examined for the presence of antigenic tumor markers by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Ninety-seven were from the US and 38 came from Argentina. The following markers were tested: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), hepatitis B surfac...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Chedid A,Chejfec G,Eichorst M,Villamil F,Terg R,Telenta M,Hojman R

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a novel immunoregulatory cytokine that was known previously as interferon-gamma-inducing factor. IL-18 levels can be used as a serum indicator for monitoring the clinical course of patients with hematologic malignancies and gastric carcinoma. Nitric oxide (NO) is a pleiotropic molec...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Günel N,Coşkun U,Sancak B,Günel U,Hasdemir O,Bozkurt S

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated circulating CEA levels occur in patients with benign gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders. These are usually less than 10 ng/ml. Of clinical importance is the influence of liver disease on the interpretation of CEA. At least 50% of patients with severe benign hepatic disease have elevated CEA levels, most o...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Loewenstein MS,Zamcheck N

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity has been shown to affect breast carcinoma prognosis, with the heaviest women having a higher mortality due to breast carcinoma. Few studies have focused on premenopausal women or the correlation of body mass index (BMI) to tumor characteristics related to prognosis. METHODS:The authors conducted a p...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Daling JR,Malone KE,Doody DR,Johnson LG,Gralow JR,Porter PL

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The authors conducted a comprehensive review of the efficacy of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the detection of primary tumors in patients with disseminated carcinoma of unknown primary site. METHODS:Ten studies (involving a total of 221 patients) tat were publish...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Sève P,Billotey C,Broussolle C,Dumontet C,Mackey JR

更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dr. Wendell G. Scott hailed mammography as the first significant contribution to the control of breast cancer since Halsted described the radical mastectomy in 1903. Mammography as engendered new approaches and has supplied new concepts of breast cancer. Through the tenacity of a few physicians convinced something cou...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Egan RL

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From November 1987 to April 1989, 1000 women 40 years or older underwent screening vaginal sonography at the University of Kentucky Medical Center (Lexington, KY). Patients included in this investigation were all asymptomatic and had no known pelvic abnormalities. Each ovary was measured in three planes and ovarian vo...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： van Nagell JR Jr,Higgins RV,Donaldson ES,Gallion HH,Powell DE,Pavlik EJ,Woods CH,Thompson EA

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The German Society of Pediatric Oncology in 1981 initiated the Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Study (CESS 81) using a four-drug combination of chemotherapy prior to definitive local control with surgery and/or radiation. From January 1, 1981 until February 28, 1985, 93 patients were registered at the trial office from 54...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Jürgens H,Exner U,Gadner H,Harms D,Michaelis J,Sauer R,Treuner J,Voûte T,Winkelmann W,Winkler K

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An atypical case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) occurred in a 46-year-old Inupiat Eskimo man with no behavioral risk factors for HTLV-I infection. The case was characterized by lack of atypical circulating lymphocytes, hypercalcemia, and opportun...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Davidson M,Braziel RM,Lairmore MD,Jacobson S,Sprott JM,Tucker SB,Levine PH,Kaplan JE

更新日期：1993-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To propose 'never-smoking nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)' as a separate entity, the clinicopathologic differences of operable NSCLC between never-smoking patients and patients with a history of smoking were investigated. METHODS:The medical records of 1405 patients with primary NSCLC who underwent a comp...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Yano T,Miura N,Takenaka T,Haro A,Okazaki H,Ohba T,Kouso H,Kometani T,Shoji F,Maehara Y

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existing system for solid tumor evaluation is criticized and revised criteria are proposed. The foundation for this analysis is a tumor stimulation experiment to determine the distribution associated with measurement of solid tumors. This tumor simulation experiment was conducted among 26 oncologists in order to a...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Lavin PT,Flowerdew G

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An astroblastoma in the cerebrum was investigated with the electron microscope. A distinctive feature of the tumor was the radial arrangement of astrocytic cells around the blood vessels. The blood vessels in the tumor commonly exhibited fenestrated endothelial cells. The endothelium was generally surrounded by lamell...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Kubota T,Hirano A,Sato K,Yamamoto S

更新日期：1985-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatigue has been described as the most common, most debilitating side effect of cancer treatment and is frequently reported as a long-term complication of treatment as well. Despite the prevalence of fatigue and its profoundly negative effect on patients' quality of life, little is known about the specific mechanisms ...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Mock V

更新日期：2001-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Findings from 1665 women with primary breast cancer, treated at 34 NSABP institutions in Canada and the United States, have failed to demonstrate that patients with medial-central tumors had a greater probability of developing distant metastases or dying than did those with lateral tumors despite the greater incidence...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Fisher B,Wolmark N,Redmond C,Deutsch M,Fisher ER

更新日期：1981-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chemotherapy improves survival for patients with stage III colon cancer, but some older patients with lymph node-positive colon cancer do not see a medical oncologist and, thus, do not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS:To evaluate the role of the surgeon in determining referrals to medical oncology amo...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Luo R,Giordano SH,Zhang DD,Freeman J,Goodwin JS

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) obtained from 22 subjects undergoing microscopically controlled surgery were transplanted to 40 athymic (nude) mice. With no further immunosuppression of the mice, no tumor growth was noted in the first 14 attempts. When mice were further immunosuppressed with anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) i...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Grimwood RE,Johnson CA,Ferris CF,Mercill DB,Mellette JR,Huff JC

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer affects patients' incomes, but to the authors' knowledge few studies to date have examined how the income of the patients' spouses may be influenced. In this population-based study from Norway, the effects of cancer on both partners' earnings are analyzed. METHODS:The difference between labor earning...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Syse A,Tretli S,Kravdal O

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A 1.95-kg fetus delivered at 33 weeks' gestational age survived less than 1 hour. Physical examination and autopsy disclosed an enormous, protuberant primary malignant melanoma of the skin, enveloping most of the back. A rim of surrounding hyperpigmented skin proved to be a giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN), f...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Schneiderman H,Wu AY,Campbell WA,Forouhar F,Yamase H,Greenstein R,Grant-Kels JM

更新日期：1987-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Overall survival (OS) is considered the gold standard for determining treatment efficacy in oncology trials, but the relation between treatment and OS can be challenging to assess because of long study durations and the impact of subsequent therapies on outcome. Using OS can be particularly difficult for new...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Smith BD,DeZern AE,Bastian AW,Durie BGM

更新日期：2017-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-eight peritoneovenous shunts were placed to relieve ascites in 26 patients with a variety of underlying malignancies. Nine of the patients had documented liver metastases and hyperbilirubinemia. Severe thrombocytopenia with laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurred in four of ...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Tempero MA,Davis RB,Reed E,Edney J

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A familial cancer aggregation comprising sarcomas, brain tumors, leukemias, and carcinomas of breast, larynx, lung, adrenal, cortex, and other sites has been studied from a pathologic--genetic standpoint. Based upon sibships segregating for cancer, the genetic segregation parameter is estimated to be 45.6 +/- 11% whi...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Lynch HT,Mulcahy GM,Harris RE,Guirgis HA,Lynch JF

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-cell malignancy, and patients with this disease have the poorest prognosis among all patients with B-cell lymphomas. The signaling pathways that trigger MCL escape from immune surveillance are unclear. Because Toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiate innate and adaptiv...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Wang L,Zhao Y,Qian J,Sun L,Lu Y,Li H,Li Y,Yang J,Cai Z,Yi Q

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The current study was conducted to evaluate severe mucocutaneous toxicity during treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) in a large cohort of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). METHODS:Among 993 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with MPN at 4 centers in Rome betwee...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Latagliata R,Spadea A,Cedrone M,Di Giandomenico J,De Muro M,Villivà N,Breccia M,Anaclerico B,Porrini R,Spirito F,Rago A,Avvisati G,Alimena G,Montanaro M,Andriani A,Gruppo Laziale SMPC Ph1 neg.

更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a major role in the response to injury or infection and is involved in the immune response, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. Its deregulation impacts numerous disease states, including many types of cancer. Consequently, modulating IL-6 may be an innovative therapeutic strategy in several di...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Hong DS,Angelo LS,Kurzrock R

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forty-eight cases of primary insular carcinoid of the ovary were analyzed from a clinicopathologic viewpoint. Sixteen (33%) were associated with preoperative clinical evidence of the carcinoid syndrome. At operation only one ovary was usually enlarged, but in 16% the contralateral ovary was also enlarged by either a d...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Robboy SJ,Norris HJ,Scully RE

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The therapeutic effect of prednimustine was studied in 35 patients with advanced breast cancer resistant to previous cytotoxic and/or endocrine therapy. Response (PR + CR) was obtained in 14 patients (40%) of a median duration of five months. Among the 14 responding patients, 10 were resistant to previous endocrine th...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Mouridsen HT,Kristensen D,Nielsen JH,Dombernowsky P

更新日期：1980-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel sequential administration schedule of PALA (N-phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartate) and thymidine to enhance the cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was tested in 36 patients with advanced gastric cancer and 21 patients with advanced poorly differentiated (anaplastic) colorectal cancer. The potency of 5FU was dram...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Windschitl HE,O'Connell MJ,Wieand HS,Krook JE,Rubin J,Moertel CG,Kugler JW,Pfeifle DM,Goldberg RM,Laurie JA

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this retrospective study was to determine those prognostic factors associated with response to a second-line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) that was previously responsive to a first-line chemotherapy. METHODS:The 70 MBC patients studied had previously responded to...

journal_title：Cancer

authors： Brun B,Benchalal M,Lebas C,Piedbois P,Lin M,Lebourgeois JP

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00