Abstract：
:The nucleus is a spatially organized compartment. The most obvious way in which this is achieved is at the level of chromosomes. The positioning of chromosomes with respect to nuclear landmarks and with respect to each other is both non-random and cell-type specific. This suggests that cells possess molecular mechanisms to influence the folding and disposition of chromosomes within the nucleus. The localization of many proteins is also heterogeneous within the nucleus. Therefore, chromosome folding and the localization of proteins leads to a model in which individual genes are positioned in distinct protein environments that can affect their transcriptional state. We focus here on the spatial organization of the nucleus and how it impacts upon gene expression.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
Meldi L,Brickner JHdoi
10.1016/j.tcb.2011.08.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
701-8issue
12eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(11)00145-0journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are major threats to the genomic integrity of cells. If not taken care of properly, they can cause chromosome fragmentation, loss and translocation, possibly resulting in carcinogenesis. Upon DSB formation, cell-cycle checkpoints are triggered and multiple DSB repair pathways can be act...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01383-x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system that regulate the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, host defense during pathogen infection, and tissue repair in response to tissue injury. Recent studies indicate that macrophage functions are influenced by cellular metabolism, including lipid metabolism. Here, we re...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.09.006
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Centromere formation is a complex process that involves the packaging of DNA into a centromere-unique chromatin, chemical modification and the seeding of kinetochore and associated proteins. The early steps in this process, in which a chromosomal region is marked for centromerization (that is, to become resolutely com...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(00)01739-6
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A deeper understanding of the mechanisms of cell behavior is essential if we want to comprehend how an organism develops and functions. Changes in cellular processes, including the orientation of cell divisions, cell shape, polarity, differentiation and migration, account for tissue rearrangements during development a...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2005.12.001
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) is a large and diverse gathering. At last year's meeting**The American Society for Cell Biology 38th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA; 12-16 December, 1998. Program chair: Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz., there were over 8000 attendees, and the topics ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01509-3
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrin-linked focal adhesion complexes provide the main sites of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and associate with the actin cytoskeleton to control cell movement. Dynamic regulation of focal adhesions and reorganization of the associated actin cytoskeleton are crucial determinants of cell migration. There ar...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.03.011
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Land plants have developed highly sophisticated intercellular channels called plasmodesmata (PD) that mediate the cell-to-cell trafficking of signaling molecules, including non-cell autonomous proteins (NCAPs) and RNAs. Until recently, the biological significance of this position-dependent intercellular signaling syst...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.07.003
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbiology and cell biology both involve the study of cells, albeit at different levels of complexity and scale. Interactions between both fields during the past 25 years have led to major conceptual and technological advances that have reshaped the whole biology landscape and its biomedical applications. ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2016.04.008
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting nearly 300 million individuals worldwide. Both types of diabetes (1 and 2) are characterized by loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass causing different degrees of insulin deficiency. The Bcl-2 family has a double-edged effect in diabetes. These proteins are crucial control...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.03.001
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) regulates diverse aspects of the mammalian cell cycle. Most cancer cells contain mutations in the pathways that control CDK2, and CDK2 activity has received much attention as a target for cancer therapy. However, a recent report demonstrating that some cancer cells can proliferate with...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00148-x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle progression through spatiotemporally regulated proteolysis. Although recent studies revealed its postmitotic function, our knowledge of the role of APC/C beyond cell cycle regulation in the biology...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.03.001
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic instability contributes to the origin of cancer as well as to the ability of cancer cells to become resistant to various therapies. Because of this, cytotoxic rather than cytostatic therapies might be most effective against this disease. Many oncogenes and tumor suppressors mediate their effects by interfering...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02063-3
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) respond to many extracellular signals, but the large number of these enzymes and their overlapping specificities in vitro has made it extremely difficult to identify the physiological roles and substrates of individual family member...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0962-8924(97)01105-7
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of invited women speakers at scientific meetings is much less than their proportion in a field. This means that women have fewer venues to present their research, less opportunity to increase their professional network, and smaller chances of promotion and financial support. The paucity of women speakers al...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.06.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tight junctions (TJs) are intercellular junctions critical for building the epithelial barrier and maintaining epithelial polarity. The claudin family of membrane proteins play central roles in TJ structure and function. However, recent findings have uncovered claudin-independent aspects of TJ structure and function, ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.08.004
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplasts depend on the nucleus for much of their proteome. Consequently, strong transcriptional coordination exists between the genomes, which is attuned to the developmental and physiological needs of the organelle. Recent studies highlight that the post-translational modifier ubiquitin adds another layer to plas...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.12.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the presence of phosphoinositides in the nuclei of eukaryotes and the identity of the enzymes responsible for their metabolism have been known for some time, their functions in the nucleus are only now emerging. This is illustrated by the recent identification of effectors for nuclear phosphoinositides. Like the...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.09.009
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asymmetric cell division (ACD) gives rise to two daughter cells with distinct fates. ACD is widely used during development and by many types of adult stem cells during tissue homeostasis and regeneration. ACD can be regulated by extrinsic cues, such as signaling molecules, as well as by intrinsic factors, such as orga...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.02.001
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the basic mechanisms underlying chromatin dynamics during DNA replication in eukaryotic cells is of fundamental importance. Beyond DNA compaction, chromatin organization represents a means to regulate genome function. Thus, the inheritance and maintenance of the DNA sequence, along with its organization ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.10.002
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If eukaryotes arose through a merger between archaea and bacteria, what did the first true eukaryotic cell look like? A major step toward an answer came with the discovery of Lokiarchaeum, an archaeon whose genome encodes small GTPases related to those used by eukaryotes to regulate membrane traffic. Although 'Loki' c...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2016.03.009
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Actin plays roles in many important cellular processes, including cell motility, organelle movement, and cell signaling. The discovery of transmembrane actin-binding proteins at the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) raises the exciting possibility that actin can play a role in direct force transmission to the nucleus and t...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.009
更新日期：2020-12-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The progress of a cell through its growth cycle is a multifaceted process; so far we have seen only a glimpse of the complex interplay between the macromolecules performing and regulating the different steps involved. In most organisms, control mechanisms ensure that all chromosomal DNA sequences are replicated once, ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(91)90100-n
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Collective cell migration results from the establishment and maintenance of collective polarization, mechanocoupling, and cytoskeletal kinetics. The guidance of collective cell migration depends on a reciprocal process between cell-intrinsic multicellular organization with leader-follower cell behavior and results in ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.06.003
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells can sense and respond to blood flow forces and signals, but the exact mechanisms employed remain poorly understood. A recent study describes how low-flow forces are sensed by primary cilia during development of the retinal vasculature, which sensitizes endothelial cells to BMP signaling. ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2018.04.005
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent findings provide evidence for dynamic and highly regulated dual subcellular localization of catalase, a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-metabolizing enzyme, in peroxisomes and the cytosol. These data suggest a number of important implications for the field of oxidative stress biology. ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.006
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The light-sensitive outer segment organelle of the vertebrate photoreceptor cell is a modified cilium filled with hundreds of flattened 'disc' membranes that provide vast light-absorbing surfaces. The outer segment is constantly renewed with new discs added at its base every day. This continuous process is essential f...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.08.005
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endocytosis is essential for the entry of many viruses into cells. The primate lentiviruses [human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 and 2, and the simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs)], however, use endocytosis in other aspects of their life cycles. Here, the authors describe the ways in which the endocytic pathway is...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0962-8924(97)20038-3
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endosomal protein sorting governs the fate of many physiologically important proteins involved in a panoply of cellular functions. Recent discoveries have revealed a vital role for endosomally localised branched actin patches in facilitating protein sorting. The formation of the actin patches has been shown to require...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2013.04.010
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian genomes encode thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that play important roles in diverse biological processes. As a class, lncRNAs are generally enriched in the nucleus and, specifically, within the chromatin-associated fraction. Consistent with their localization, many lncRNAs have been implicated in ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2014.08.009
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial Shiga toxin and related toxins are endocytosed by higher eukaryotic cells. The toxin protein is then transported via the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and into the cytosol, where it exerts its toxic effect. This review discusses current understanding of this retrograde transport pathway a...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(97)01209-9
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
