Abstract：
:Bacterial Shiga toxin and related toxins are endocytosed by higher eukaryotic cells. The toxin protein is then transported via the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and into the cytosol, where it exerts its toxic effect. This review discusses current understanding of this retrograde transport pathway and how newly developed modified toxins that allow detection and quantification of specific transport steps might prove useful tools in the future.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
Johannes L,Goud Bdoi
10.1016/s0962-8924(97)01209-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-01 00:00:00pages
158-62issue
4eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(97)01209-9journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Whereas physics seeks for universal laws underlying natural phenomena, biology accounts for complexity and specificity of molecular details. Contemporary biological physics requires people capable of working at this interface. New programs prepare scientists who transform respective disciplinary views into innovative ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.05.002
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major quest in cell biology is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the high plasticity of the microtubule network at different stages of the cell cycle, and during and after differentiation. Initial reports described the centrosomal localization of proteins possessing transforming acidic coiled-coil (T...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.06.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the newly described RGS family of proteins have a common RGS domain that contains GTPase-activating activity for many Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. Their ability to dampen signalling via Galphai-, Galphaq- and Galpha12/13-coupled pathways makes them crucial players in mediating the multitude...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01515-9
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abstract：:Aggrecan is a large and highly complex macromolecule, uniquely structured to fill space in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage. Lethal chondrodystrophies resulting from mutations in the structural gene for aggrecan demonstrate the serious consequences of the absence of aggrecan. Other chondrodystrophies are te...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(00)89115-1
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) cells is metabolic reprogramming that facilitates tumor progression. In a recent paper published in Molecular Cell, Nagarajan et al. discover that paraoxonase (PON)2 stimulates glucose transporter (GLUT)1-mediated glucose uptake, prevents AMP-activated prote...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.09.003
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingomyelin used to be considered only as a structural molecule of the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. However, in the last five years it has become clear that sphingomyelin is rapidly degraded and resynthesized in a pathway that could function in signal transduction. Indeed, it is now known...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(92)90310-j
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journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.03.003
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RNA-binding proteins are involved in various aspects of RNA metabolism such as processing, translational control, stabilization, localization and transport. Many of these proteins bind several RNA targets and have multiple functions. In this review we focus on RNA-binding proteins that are implicated in RNA transport ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02357-7
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ran is an abundant GTPase that is highly conserved in eukaryotic cells and has been implicated in many aspects of nuclear structure and function, especially determining the directionality of nucleocytoplasmic transport during interphase. However, cell-free systems have recently shown that Ran plays distinct roles in m...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblasts are found in most tissues, yet they remain poorly characterised. Different fibroblast subpopulations with distinct functions have been identified in the skin. This functional heterogeneity reflects the varied fibroblast lineages that arise from a common embryonic precursor. In addition to autocrine signals...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2014.10.001
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolutionary conserved and pleiotropic, the TPT1/TCTP gene (translationally controlled tumor protein, also called HRF, fortilin), encodes a highly structured mRNA shielded by ribonucleoproteins and closely resembling viral particles. This mRNA activates, as do viruses, protein kinase R (PKR). The TPT1/TCTP protein is ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mucins are heavily glycosylated high molecular weight glycoproteins, which are involved in the protection and lubrication of luminal epithelial surfaces. Transmembrane mucins also engage in signal transduction, through extracellular domain-mediated ligand binding or by interacting with receptors for growth and differe...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.07.006
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ubiquinone (UQ; also known as coenzyme Q; CoQ) is a mobile component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it acts as a pro-oxidant in its ubisemiquinone state. Despite this, UQ is also believed to be a membrane antioxidant. These properties place UQ at the center of hotly debated questions about how mi...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.12.007
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inositol phospholipids (PIs) comprise a family of eight species with different combinations of phosphate groups arranged around the inositol ring. PIs are among the most versatile signaling molecules known, with key roles in receptor-mediated signal transduction, actin remodeling and membrane trafficking. Recent s...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2005.03.008
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polarised vesicle trafficking has been suggested to regulate cell migration. Understanding how this takes place has been complicated by the use of disparate assays and cellular models. Although polarised trafficking does occur in cell motility it is not clear which pathways are involved. We propose a model for migrati...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.11.006
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of host-pathogen interactions has illuminated fundamental research avenues in both infection and cell biology. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae are genetically tractable, optically accessible, and present a fully functional innate immune system with macrophages and neutrophils that mimic their mammalian counte...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.002
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation injures the epidermis, resulting in sunburn and inflammation. UV-irradiated keratinocytes secrete interleukin-1beta through a caspase-1-dependent mechanism. In seeking a link between UV-irradiation and caspase-1 activation, a prominent role for the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family of innate ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2007.10.004
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After nearly four decades of investigation, the dynein motor is finally on the verge of revealing its inner secrets. This multisubunit ATPase participates in several important microtubule-based motilities in eukaryotic cells. Numerous recent articles have advanced the understanding of the dynein motor substructure and...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.09.013
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The small vesicles shed from the surface of many cells upon stimulation, considered for a long time to be artefacts, are now recognized as specific structures that are distinct from the exosomes released upon exocytosis of multivesicular bodies. Recent reports indicate that shedding vesicles participate in important b...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.11.003
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noncoding RNAs are emerging as central players in gene expression regulation through the targeting of a plethora of mRNAs. Several recent papers report on the regulation of the epithelial phenotype by the miR-200 (200 family of miRNAs) family and a natural antisense transcript, both acting on the E-cadherin repressors...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.005
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During mRNA translation, the genetic information stored in mRNA is translated into a protein sequence. It is imperative that the genetic information is translated with high precision. Surprisingly, however, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated that translation can be highly heterogeneous, even among different...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.04.008
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Centromere formation is a complex process that involves the packaging of DNA into a centromere-unique chromatin, chemical modification and the seeding of kinetochore and associated proteins. The early steps in this process, in which a chromosomal region is marked for centromerization (that is, to become resolutely com...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(00)01739-6
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on fibroblast biology in three-dimensional collagen matrices offers new opportunities to understand the reciprocal and adaptive interactions that occur between cells and surrounding matrix in a tissue-like environment. Such interactions are integral to the regulation of connective tissue morphogenesis and dyn...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00057-6
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) is a large and diverse gathering. At last year's meeting**The American Society for Cell Biology 38th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA; 12-16 December, 1998. Program chair: Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz., there were over 8000 attendees, and the topics ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01509-3
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important aspect of cell behaviour is that DNA replication happens only once per cell cycle. Replicated DNA is unable to re-replicate until cell division has occurred. Unreplicated DNA is in a replication-competent or 'licensed' state. The ability to replicate is lost in S phase and regained following passage throu...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle in cells and has fundamental functions, such as folding, processing, and trafficking of proteins, cellular metabolism, and ion storage. To maintain its function, it is turned over constitutively, and even more actively under certain stress conditions. Quality con...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.02.001
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several recent experimental findings support the hypothesis that apoptosis induced by human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is important in the pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thus, one potential therapeutic strategy against AIDS may be to block the HIV-mediated apoptosis signal transduction ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(00)88933-3
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cells polarize in response to an asymmetric signal but some can spontaneously establish a discrete axis of polarity in the absence of a directional cue. Many mathematical models predict that locally acting positive feedback loops and globally acting negative regulators are required for pattern formation. Here, we...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2003.08.006
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
