Abstract：
:We examined the justifications invoked by the German government in April 2009 to suspend the cultivation of the genetically modified maize varieties containing the Bt insect-resistance trait MON810. We have carried out a critical examination of the alleged new data on a potential environmental impact of these varieties, namely two scientific papers describing laboratory force-feeding trials on ladybirds and daphnia, and previous data on Lepidoptera, aquatic and soil organisms. We demonstrate that the suspension is based on an incomplete list of references, ignores the widely admitted case-by-case approach, and confuses potential hazard and proven risk in the scientific procedure of risk assessment. Furthermore, we did not find any justification for this suspension in our extensive survey of the scientific literature regarding possible effects under natural field conditions on non-target animals. The vast majority of the 41 articles published in 2008 and 2009 indicate no impact on these organisms and only two articles indicate a minor effect, which is either inconsistent during the planting season or represents an indirect effect. Publications from 1996 to 2008 (376 publications) and recent meta-analyses do not allow to conclude on consistent effects either. The lower abundance of some insects concerns mainly specialized enemies of the target pest (an expected consequence of its control by Bt maize). On the contrary, Bt maize have generally a lower impact than insecticide treatment. The present review demonstrates that the available meta-knowledge on Cry1Ab expressing maize was ignored by the German government which instead used selected individual studies.
journal_name
Transgenic Resjournal_title
Transgenic researchauthors
Ricroch A,Bergé JB,Kuntz Mdoi
10.1007/s11248-009-9297-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
1eissn
0962-8819issn
1573-9368journal_volume
19pub_type
信件,评审abstract：:The development of gene editing techniques, capable of producing plants and animals with new and improved traits, is revolutionizing the world of plant and animal breeding and rapidly advancing to commercial reality. However, from a regulatory standpoint the Government of Canada views gene editing as another tool that...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-019-00153-2
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepcidin, a circulatory antimicrobial peptide, is involved in iron homeostasis, inflammation, infection and metabolic signals. Humans express one hepcidin gene, HAMP but mice express two hepcidin genes, Hamp1 and Hamp2. Consecutive gene targeting events were performed to produce transgenic mice expressing conditional ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-015-9879-3
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbonic anhydrase VI (CAVI) is the only secreted isozyme of the α-carbonic anhydrase family, which catalyzes the reversible reaction [Formula in text]. It appears that CAVI protects teeth and gastrointestinal mucosa by neutralizing excess acidity. However, the evidence for this physiological function is limited, and ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-010-9441-2
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xylan is one of the main anti-nutritional factors in pig's feed. Although supplementation of β-xylanase in diet can improve the utilization of nutrients in animals, it is limited by feed cost, manufacturing process and storage stability. To determine whether the expression of endogenous β-xylanase gene xynB in vivo ca...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-019-00110-z
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cDNA for bovine spleen trypsin inhibitor (SI), a homologue of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), including the natural mammalian presequence was expressed in tobacco using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Stable expression required the N-terminal targeting signal presequence although sub...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015210919077
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rust fungi of the order Pucciniales are destructive pathogens of wheat worldwide. Leaf rust caused by the obligate, biotrophic basidiomycete fungus Puccinia triticina (Pt) is an economically important disease capable of causing up to 50 % yield losses. Historically, resistant wheat cultivars have been used to control ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-016-9978-9
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase, encoded by the CTS1-2 gene has recently been confirmed by in vitro tests to possess antifungal abilities. In this study, the CTS1-2 gene has been evaluated for its in planta antifungal activity by constitutive overexpression in tobacco plants to assess its potential to increase ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1024220023057
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) belong to the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family, and catalyse the rotation of the peptide bond preceding a proline. They are conserved in organisms from bacteria to man. In order to understand the function of plant FKBP isoforms, we have produced transgenic wheat pl...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1016374128479
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type II fish antifreeze protein (AFP) is active in both freezing point depression and the inhibition of ice recrystallization. This extensively disulfide-bonded 14 kDa protein was targeted for accumulation in its pro- and mature forms in the cytosol and apoplast of transgenic tobacco plants. Type II AFP gene construct...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1008886629825
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the fowl the primordial germ cells accumulate in the germinal crescent to the anterior of the two-day embryo. A simple ballistic device has been used to fire tungsten particles (mean diameter 1.5 microns) into this region. By coating these projectiles with vector DNA it is possible to transfect these cells. Hatchli...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01976498
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pierce's disease (PD) caused by Xylella fastidiosa prevents cultivation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and susceptible hybrids in the southeastern United States and poses a major threat to the grape industry of California and Texas. Genetic resistance is the only proven control of X. fastidiosa. Genetic engineering off...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-015-9876-6
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Baculovirus p 35 protein protects cells from apoptotic cell death by inhibiting caspase activation. We have established transgenic mouse lines specifically expressing p 35 in cardiomyocytes, and primary cardiomyocytes isolated from these mice exhibit resistance to staurosporine-induced apoptosis. In a previous study, ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-005-4350-5
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many of the toxin proteins, that have been heterogeneously expressed in agricultural crops to provide resistance to insect pests, are too specific or are only mildly effective against the major insect pests. Spider venoms are a complex cocktail of toxins that have evolved specifically to kill insects. Here we show tha...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-006-0007-2
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NOD.Cg-Prkdc ( scid ) Il2rg ( tm1Wjl )/SzJ mouse strain, commonly known as NSG (for NOD SCID Gamma) is severely immunodeficient and thus is an excellent recipient for xenografts, and in particular fo...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-012-9629-8
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Agroinfiltration was used to express transiently cre recombinase from bacteriophage P1 in planta. Activation of gfp expression after cre-mediated excision of a bar intervening sequence served as a marker to monitor site-specific recombination events in lox-target N. benthamiana plants. Gfp expressing regenerants from ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-005-8293-7
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkaloid concentration of perennial ryegrass herbage is affected by endophyte strain and host plant genotype. However, previous studies suggest that associations between host and endophyte also depends on environmental conditions, especially those affecting nutrient reserves and that water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) c...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-018-0087-9
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The introduction of cloned and manipulated genetic material into the germline of an experimental organism is one of the most powerful tools of modern biology. In the case of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, there is also an unparalleled range of sophisticated genetic tools to facilitate subsequent analysis. In ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01968780
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to investigate the relative plant growth and reproduction of insect-resistant and susceptible plants following the introgression of an insect-resistance Bt-transgene from Brassica napus, oilseed rape, to wild Brassica juncea. The second backcrossed generation (BC2) from a single backcross family was gr...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-014-9858-0
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spermatogonial transplantation system was applied to evaluate stem cell kinetics and niche quality and to produce gene-modified animals using the stem cells after homologous recombination-based selection. This study was designed to determine whether the transplanted spermatogonia were able to proliferate and diffe...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-008-9219-y
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three lines of transgenic tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish were generated with a construct containing a lacZ reporter gene spliced to a 4.7 kb 5' regulatory region of a carp beta actin gene. All these three lines contain different copy numbers of transgenes and the levels of lacZ expression were found to be relate...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1026517212807
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genes that regulate the formation of blood vessels in adult tissues represent promising therapeutic targets because angiogenesis plays a role in many diseases, including cancer. We wished to develop a mouse model allowing characterization of gene function in adult angiogenic vasculature while minimizing effects on...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-007-9156-1
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 395 bp fragment located downstream from the soybean heat shock gene Gmhsp 17.6-L exhibits several characteristics of scaffold attachment region (SAR) sequences. It contains matrix consensus elements, a topoisomerase II binding sequence and it associates with the isolated nuclear scaffold of soybean in vitro. Chimaer...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01969382
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulatory approvals for deliberate release of GM maize events into the environment have lead to real situations of coexistence between GM and non-GM, with some fields being cultivated with GM and conventional varieties in successive seasons. Given the common presence of volunteer plants in maize fields in temperate a...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-009-9250-7
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The low-level presence (LLP) of genetically engineered (GE) seeds that have been approved in the country of origin but not the country of import presents challenges for regulators in both seed importing and exporting countries, as well as for the international seed trade and the farmers who rely on it. In addition to ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11248-015-9899-z
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bananas are a staple food source and a major export commodity worldwide. The Cavendish dessert banana is a triploid AAA genome type and accounts for around 47% of global production. Being essentially sterile, genetic modification is perhaps the only pathway available to improve this cultivar. In this study, we used th...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-018-0083-0
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selectable marker gene systems are vital for the development of transgenic crops. Since the creation of the first transgenic plants in the early 1980s and their subsequent commercialization worldwide over almost an entire decade, antibiotic and herbicide resistance selectable marker gene systems have been an integral ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11248-007-9083-1
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activated cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) is exclusively responsible for food intake and weight gain and regulates several pathological features associated with obesity in mammals. However, the precise role of CB1R in non-mammalian model systems is poorly understood. To investigate the functions of CB1R in zebrafish...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-012-9685-0
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At least 25 wild type and high peroxidase tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. plants were examined semiweekly over several weeks for pest insect distribution and damage in a 2 year field study. Incidence and/or severity of naturally occurring caterpillar damage (dingy cutworm (Feltia ducens Walker), black cutworm (Agrotis ip...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-005-3913-9
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies utilizing transgenic technology focus on the impact to traits of interest, rather than propagation of the transgene to offspring. In animals containing growth hormone constructs, transgene transmission to progeny follows a Mendelian pattern of inheritance in the first few generations following generation ...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11248-005-4349-y
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A plastid transformation protocol was developed for Lesquerella fendleri, a species with a high capacity for plant regeneration in tissue culture. Transformation vector pZS391B carried an aadA16gfp marker gene conferring streptomycin-spectinomycin resistance and green fluorescence under UV light. Biolistic transformat...
journal_title：Transgenic research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022110402302
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
