Structure of equine corticotropin releasing factor.

abstract：:Echinometra lucunter is an abundant sea urchin found in Brazilian waters. Accidents caused by this animal are common and are characterized by the penetration of the spines in the skin, which raises an inflammatory reaction through mechanical trauma as well as by the presumable action of toxins. Additionally, there hav...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Sciani JM,Sampaio MC,Zychar BC,Gonçalves LR,Giorgi R,Nogueira Tde O,de Melo RL,Teixeira Cde F,Pimenta DC

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucagon is a peptide hormone secreted from the pancreatic alpha cells in response to hypoglycemia but in some patients with type 2 diabetes a paradoxical hypersecretion results from the intake of glucose. In rodent, antagonizing the actions of glucagon have been shown to be effective for lowering blood glucose levels...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Wewer Albrechtsen NJ

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of peripheral injections of substance P (SP) on performance in two different configurations of an automated tunnel maze was examined in three experiments. In two experiments, the effect of pretrial SP injections (10-1000 micrograms/kg) on performance in the hexagonal and radial maze configuration of an auto...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Nagel JA,Welzl H,Bättig K,Huston JP

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, the newly synthesized TRH analog (L-pGlu-(2-propyl)-L-His-l-ProNH(2); NP-647) was evaluated for its effects in in vitro (oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-, glutamate- and H(2)O(2)-induced injury in PC-12 cells) and in vivo (transient global ischemia) models of cerebral ischemic injury. PC-12 cell...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Rajput SK,Siddiqui MA,Kumar V,Meena CL,Pant AB,Jain R,Sharma SS

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The melanocortin system plays an important role in energy homeostasis as well as skin pigmentation, steroidogenesis and exocrine gland function. In this study, we examined eight Ac-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH(2) tetrapeptides that were modified at the Phe position and pharmacologically characterized their activities at the hum...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Chen M,Georgeson KE,Harmon CM,Haskell-Luevano C,Yang Y

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circulating urotensin II (UII) concentrations and the tissue expression of its cognate receptor (UT) are elevated in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The functional significance of elevated plasma UII levels in CVD is unclear. Urotensin-related peptide (URP) is a paralog of UII in that it contains the six a...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Prosser HC,Forster ME,Richards AM,Pemberton CJ

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin has been detected by ELISA in the vitreous of the normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rat at levels for both about 1% of those in serum. 131I-labeled insulin, administered to conscious rats via an indwelling cannula in the right atrium, was found to cross the blood-ocular barrier into the vitreous. Autoradiogra...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Shires TK,Braddock KJ,Pulido JS

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding and internalization of a cytotoxic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), T-98 (agonist [D-Lys6]LH-RH linked to glutaryl-2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone), by rat anterior pituitary cells was investigated. Analogue T-98 was bound to pituitary membrane binding sites for LH-RH with a high a...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Szöke B,Horváth J,Halmos G,Rékási Z,Groot K,Nagy A,Schally AV

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Tac1 gene-encoded tachykinins (substance P: SP, neurokinin A: NKA) are expressed in capsaicin-sensitive nerves, but their role in nociception, inflammation and vasoregulation is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the function of these neuropeptides and th...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Botz B,Imreh A,Sándor K,Elekes K,Szolcsányi J,Reglődi D,Quinn JP,Stewart J,Zimmer A,Hashimoto H,Helyes Z

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amphibians exhibit various, characteristic adaptations related to their "incomplete" shift from the aquatic to the terrestrial habitat. In particular, the integument was subject to a number of specialized modifications during the evolution of these animals. In this review, we place special emphasis on endogenous host-...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： König E,Bininda-Emonds OR,Shaw C

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypotensive effect of proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) was examined in conscious pregnant (8, 14, and 20 days of pregnancy) and nonpregnant rats. Intravenous administration of PAMP (3-60 nmol/kg) produced a dose-dependent depressor response in both pregnant and nonpregnant rats. However, the maximum ...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Makino I,Makino Y,Kangawa K,Shibata K

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The basal caeliferan family Tetrigidae is investigated to identify neuropeptides belonging to the adipokinetic hormone (AKH) family. The pygmy grasshopper Tetrix subulata contains in its corpus cardiacum two octapeptides as revealed by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The les...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Gäde G,Šimek P,Marco HG

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histidyl-proline diketopiperazine (cyclo(His-Pro), a metabolite of the neuropeptide thyrotropin releasing hormone, has been shown to possess intrinsic biological activities. The binding of this peptide to various tissue particulate preparations was investigated. While the peptide showed no apparent binding to particul...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Bataini F,Koch Y,Takahara Y,Peterkofsky A

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacological study of Phe-Met-Leu-Phe-amide (FMRFa) receptors is hindered by the lack of selective ligands. The classification of these selective ligands is further hampered by the limited availability of functional assays. In this study, we evaluated several synthetic FMRFa analogs for agonist and antagonist activ...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Heyliger SO,Payza K,Rothman RB

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthetic activity of rat intermediate lobe melanotropes in vivo is inhibited by stimulation of dopamine D2 receptors. Individual melanotropes are innervated differentially by dopaminergic axons and vary in their levels of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA. We tested the hypothesis that placement of the lobe in ...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Beatty DM,Morris SJ,Chronwall BM

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on the expression and functionality of adrenomedullin (AM) receptors in cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Analysis of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions showed that these cells abundantly express two AM receptors comprised of...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Nagoshi Y,Kuwasako K,Cao YN,Imamura T,Kitamura K,Eto T

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid receptor analyses of deltorphin A (H-Tyr-D-Met-Phe-His-Leu-Met-Asp-NH2) analogues indicated the following: (a) increased negativity differentially affected affinities (Ki) and selectivity (Ki mu/Ki delta); (b) shifted sequence heptapeptides, [Asp5,Leu6,Met-NH2(7)] and [Asp4,His5,Leu6,Met-NH2(7)], reversed selec...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Lazarus LH,Salvadori S,Attila M,Grieco P,Bundy DM,Wilson WE,Tomatis R

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH), and related peptides have been shown to have several neurogenic effects: alteration of cerebral protein synthesis, RNA synthesis, protein phosphorylation, and neurotransmitter turnover. Furthermore, there appears to be an ACTH containing circuit...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Beckwith BE,Sandman CA

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, can protect intestinal epithelial cells from various forms of injury in vitro and attenuate intestinal ischemia/reperfusion damage in vivo. With the goal of eventual clinical use of HB-EGF to protect the intestines f...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Feng J,Mehta VB,El-Assal ON,Wu D,Besner GE

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemerin is a novel peptide that was identified as a natural ligand for ChemR23. As it has been reported to be involved in the regulation of immune responses and adipogenesis, chemerin may have a variety of physiological functions. Chemerin is synthesized as a precursor (prochemerin) and is proteolytically activated a...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Shimamura K,Matsuda M,Miyamoto Y,Yoshimoto R,Seo T,Tokita S

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro interaction between five polycationic peptides, buforin II, cecropin P1, indolicidin, magainin II, and ranalexin, and several clinically used antimicrobial agents was evaluated against several clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, using the microbroth dilution method. The ...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Giacometti A,Cirioni O,Del Prete MS,Paggi AM,D'Errico MM,Scalise G

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid deposition in Alzheimer fibrils forms neurotoxic senile plaques in a process that may be modulated by associated proteins. In this work we demonstrate the ability of laminin-1 and laminin-2 to inhibit fibril formation and toxicity on cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We confirm that the laminin-1-derived pepti...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Morgan C,Bugueño MP,Garrido J,Inestrosa NC

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of Locusta adipokinetic hormone I (AKH-I), < QLNFTPNWGTa, analogues, were synthesized with modifications at the C-terminal threonine residue using a combination of solid- and liquid-phase methodology and evaluated in Locusta migratoria, in a lipid mobilization assay in vivo and an acetate uptake assay in vitr...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Lee MJ,Goldsworthy GJ,Poulos CP,Velentza A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the mechanism through which leptin increases Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity in the rat kidney. Leptin was infused under anaesthesia into the abdominal aorta proximally to the renal arteries and then Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity was measured in the renal cortex and medulla. Leptin (1mug/kgmin) increased Na(+), ...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Bełtowski J,Wójcicka G,Trzeciak J,Marciniak A

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid-like immunoreactive material was extracted from the pituitary and brain of the Spiny Dogfish Shark Squalus acanthias. The immunoreactive material in the pituitary extracts was purified to apparent homogeneity by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and subsequently characterized by amino acid an...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Lorenz RG,Tyler AN,Faull KF,Makk G,Barchas JD,Evans CJ

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Milk is the best, complete food important for the development and nourishment of a neonate. Except for nutrients, milk contains biologically active opioid peptides derived from beta-casein, named beta-casomorphins (BCMs), which can exert effects in the gastrointestinal tract as well as in the whole body of neonates. T...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Jarmołowska B,Sidor K,Iwan M,Bielikowicz K,Kaczmarski M,Kostyra E,Kostyra H

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sympathetic neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) is associated with vascular remodelling, neointimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis in experimental animal models and clinical studies. In order to study the role of sympathetic nerve-produced NPY in vascular diseases, transgenic mouse model overexpressing NPY in centr...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Ruohonen ST,Abe K,Kero M,Toukola L,Ruohonen S,Röyttä M,Koulu M,Pesonen U,Zukowska Z,Savontaus E

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 10 years, saliva has been increasingly used as a diagnostic fluid and in predictions of disease progression. Leptin and ghrelin are synthesized in several tissues including the salivary glands. The action of ghrelin is antagonistic to that of leptin. This study was undertaken to measure and compare the sal...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Aydin S,Halifeoglu I,Ozercan IH,Erman F,Kilic N,Aydin S,Ilhan N,Ilhan N,Ozkan Y,Akpolat N,Sert L,Caylak E

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We found that neurokinin A (NKA) and neurokinin B (NKB) induce an increase in the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in murine neuroblastoma C1300 cells (EC50: NKA 87 +/- 13 nM, NKB 97 +/- 15 nM). Substance P (SP) also caused a transient Ca2+ increase, although the potency of SP was much less than that...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Fukuhara S,Mukai H,Munekata E

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To further characterize the structure and function of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) related peptides in fish, we have cloned cDNA sequences for CGRP, amylin, adrenomedullin (AM) and adrenomedullin-2/intermedin (IMD) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) and examined their tissue distribution. CGRP, amylin, AM and I...

journal_title：Peptides

authors： Martínez-Alvarez RM,Volkoff H,Cueto JA,Delgado MJ

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00