Abstract：
:Amphibians exhibit various, characteristic adaptations related to their "incomplete" shift from the aquatic to the terrestrial habitat. In particular, the integument was subject to a number of specialized modifications during the evolution of these animals. In this review, we place special emphasis on endogenous host-defence skin peptides from the cuteanous granular glands anuran amphibians (frogs and toads). The overview on the two broad groups of neuroactive and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) goes beyond a simple itemization in that we provide a new perspective into the evolution and function of anuran AMPs. Briefly, these cationic, amphipathic and α-helical peptides are traditionally viewed as being part of the innate immune system, protecting the moist skin against invading microorganisms through their cytolytic action. However, the complete record of anuran species investigated to date suggests that AMPs are distributed sporadically (i.e., non-universally) across Anura. Together with the intriguing observation that virtually all anurans known to produce neuropeptides in their granular glands also co-secrete cytolytic peptides, we call the traditional role for AMPs as being purely antimicrobial into question and present an alternative scenario. We hypothesize AMPs to assist neuroactive peptides in their antipredator role through their cytolytic action increasing the delivery of the latter to the endocrine and nervous system of the predator. Thus, AMPs are more accurately viewed as cytolysins and their contribution to the immune system is better regarded as an accessory benefit.
journal_name
Peptidesjournal_title
Peptidesauthors
König E,Bininda-Emonds OR,Shaw Cdoi
10.1016/j.peptides.2014.11.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
96-117eissn
0196-9781issn
1873-5169pii
S0196-9781(14)00329-5journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PEPTIDES文献大全abstract：:Solubilization of rat synaptic membranes by Triton X-100 followed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography allowed the separation of a phosphoramidon-sensitive endopeptidase that cleaved CCK-8. This enzymatic activity revealed similar if not identical to "enkephalinase A." A major cleavage point, at the Trp30-Met31 bond, and ...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(84)90098-6
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria lactate dehydrogenase, a glycolytic enzyme, is a malaria diagnostic target in lateral flow immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic tests. Recombinant Plasmodium yoelii LDH was cloned into the pET-28a vector, expressed and the expressed protein purified from a Ni-NTA affinity matrix. A pan-malarial LDH antibody ...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is assuming increasing importance in cardiovascular disease, and in adults its plasma levels are related to clinical and functional disease severity. Data are scarce regarding the reference values for CNP in infancy. Aim of this study was to assess the reference intervals for CNP in hu...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2011.11.005
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In these studies the pattern of feeding behavior during continuous intraventricular (IVT) infusion of NPY for 4 hr in the satiated female rat was monitored. Whereas saline infusion was ineffective, each of the three doses of NPY (117, 470 or 1175 pmol/hr) increased feeding during the entire 4 hr infusion and 2 hr post...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(88)90112-x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its discovery, many physiologic functions have been ascribed to ghrelin, a gut derived hormone. The presence of a median fatty acid side chain on the ghrelin peptide is required for the binding and activation of the classical ghrelin receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR)-1a. Ghrelin O-acyl tr...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2011.08.020
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osmotic stress stimulates the release of the avian hypothalamic neuropeptide arginine vasotocin (AVT) into the peripheral circulation. We conducted the present study to investigate the effects of salt-loading on AVT secretion and AVT gene expression in specific hypothalamic nuclei in chickens. White Leghorn chickens w...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(97)00190-3
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present studywas to examine the question of whether the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) system is altered by endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS). METHODS:Male eNOS-deficient mice (eNOS-/-) and wild type control mice (eNOS+/+, C57B1/6J) were used. Blood pressure was measured in anestheti...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2010.04.008
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study sought to determine the serum levels of chemerin in gastric cancer patients and healthy subjects and to investigate the biological effect of chemerin on gastric cancer cells. Serum chemerin level of 36 gastric cancer patients and 40 healthy subjects was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AGS and...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2013.10.009
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chronic hyperglycemia measured alongside diabetes development is associated with significant long-term damage and failure of various organs. In the present study it was shown that hyperglycemia induced early and long term increases in nitric oxide (NO) levels, kallikrein activity and vascular capillary permeabilit...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2012.02.008
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opioid receptor binding properties of [3H]Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Phe-NH2 (TAPP) were characterized in rat brain and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the rat mu-receptor. In rat brain, [3H]TAPP labeled a single class of opioid sites with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.31 nM and maximal number of binding sites (Bm...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(98)00023-0
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ceruletide (CLT: 160 micrograms/kg, SC) produced a relatively long-lasting inhibition of haloperidol (HPD: 2 mg/kg, PO) catalepsy in rats. Neither bilateral vagotomies nor hypophysectomy abolished the anticataleptic effect of CLT. However, (-)-L-364,718 and proglumide blocked the effect of CLT. CLT (160 micrograms/kg)...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(89)90113-7
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with strong bronchodilator capacity, present in the human airways. There is recent evidence that PACAP decreases the release of proinflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown that PACAP inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis, but altogether little i...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(02)00149-3
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of a putative GRP receptor on rat pancreatic particulate membranes was demonstrated by covalent cross-linking to 125I-gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), which revealed a radioactive band with Mr = 80-90 kDa on reduced SDS-PAGE. Fresh rat pancreatic membranes contained a GRP receptor which was solubilized wi...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(91)90001-6
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cervical sympathetic trunk-submandibular gland neuroendocrine axis plays an integral role in physiological adaptations and contributes to the maintenance of systemic homeostasis, particularly under the 'stress conditions' seen with tissue damage, inflammation, and aggressive behavior. The variety of polypeptides, ...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(00)00158-3
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide present in high concentrations in the hippocampus. The studies reported here demonstrate that VIP administered into the third ventricle of the brain caused amnesia in mice trained on a left-right footshock avoidance task in a T-maze. VIP resulted in amnesia when ad...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(90)90012-t
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The melanocortin system plays an important role in energy homeostasis as well as skin pigmentation, steroidogenesis and exocrine gland function. In this study, we examined eight Ac-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH(2) tetrapeptides that were modified at the Phe position and pharmacologically characterized their activities at the hum...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2006.04.012
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dermorphins are potent opiate-like peptides isolated from the skin of some species of frogs. They are characterized by the presence of a D-amino acid residue, which is crucial for bioactivity. A number of analogues were prepared in order to evaluate the structure-activity relationships. The syntheses were accomplished...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(81)80117-9
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the conscious dog migrating and nonmigrating colonic motor complexes (CMC) were recorded by means of chronically implanted strain gauge force transducers. Intravenous injection of a synthetic enkephalin analogue immediately induced a premature CMC at all three recording sites of the colon. Naloxone inhibited the en...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(88)90155-6
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-like neuropeptide is produced in the brain of the silk moth, Bombyx mori. Immunocytochemical studies of brain and retrocerebral complex of larvae, prepupae, pupae and adults showed that four pairs of median neurosecretory cells and six pairs of lateral neurosecretory cells which had d...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2004.07.005
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While neuropeptides of the allatostatin family inhibit in vitro production of juvenile hormone, which modulates aspects of development and reproduction in the cockroach, Diploptera punctata, they are susceptible to inactivation by peptidases in the hemolymph, gut, and bound to internal tissues. Patterns of peptidase c...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(98)00149-1
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The very first step in the study of the endocrine control of insect molting was taken in 1922. Stefan Kopec characterized a factor in the brain of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar which appeared to be essential for metamorphosis. This factor was later identified as the neuropeptide prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), t...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2009.08.020
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of Locusta adipokinetic hormone I (AKH-I), < QLNFTPNWGTa, analogues, were synthesized with modifications at the C-terminal threonine residue using a combination of solid- and liquid-phase methodology and evaluated in Locusta migratoria, in a lipid mobilization assay in vivo and an acetate uptake assay in vitr...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(96)00224-0
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to explore the effects of the endogenous opioid peptide dynorphin A(1-13) on the CNS regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. Wistar rats, anesthetized with pentobarbital and halothane, received dynorphin A(1-13) microinjected into the anterior hypothalamus area (AHA), the posterior...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(93)90184-i
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food deprivation and adrenalectomy are associated with low concentrations of leptin in blood and the absence of obesity. Because leptin is known to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by a saturable transport system, we examined whether fasting and adrenalectomy (ADX) also act at the BBB. Multiple-time regression anal...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-9781(00)00195-9
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opioid-like immunoreactive material was extracted from the pituitary and brain of the Spiny Dogfish Shark Squalus acanthias. The immunoreactive material in the pituitary extracts was purified to apparent homogeneity by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and subsequently characterized by amino acid an...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(86)90071-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An antifungal protein was isolated from the mushroom Tricholoma giganteum var. golden blessings. The protocol included ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Su...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2004.11.009
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common dementia among elderly worldwide. There is no therapeutic drugs until now to treat effectively this disease. One main reason is due to the poorly understood mechanism of Aβ peptide aggregation, which plays a crucial role in the development of Alzheimer's disease. It remain...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2015.04.009
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DDSDEEN chromatin peptide, after dansylation, was studied for its ability to bind N-CAM protein. The binding causes a quenching of the Dns-peptide fluorescence emission. Dose- and time-dependent binding of Dns-peptide with N-CAM has been shown. Fluorescence quenching is completely lost if the Dns-peptide is subjected ...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2008.09.008
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The release of peptides immunoreactive for a synthetic peptide (V-9-M) contained in the amino-terminal of pro-CCK was examined. The potassium-evoked release of V-9-M immunoreactive peptides from rat cerebral cortical slices in vitro was calcium dependent. Cholecystokinin-secreting rat medullary thyroid carcinoma cells...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-9781(92)90011-q
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing evidence suggests a role for ghrelin in the control of articular inflammatory diseases like osteoarthritis (OA). In the present study we examined the ability of ghrelin to counteract LPS-induced necrosis and apoptosis of chondrocytes and the involvement of GH secretagogue receptor (GHS-R)1a in the protectiv...
journal_title：Peptides
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.peptides.2018.03.003
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
