Abstract：
:In addition to functional alterations, heart failure has a structural basis as well. This concerns all components of the cardiac myocytes as well as the extracellular space. Proteins of the cardiomyocyte can be subdivided in 5 different categories: 1) Contractile proteins including myosin, actin, tropomyosin and the troponins. 2) Sarcomeric skeleton: titin, myosin binding protein C, alpha-actinin, myomesin, and M-protein. 3) True 'cytoskeletal' proteins: tubulin, desmin and actin. 4) Membrane-associated proteins: dystrophin, spectrin, talin, vinculin, ankyrin and others. 5) Proteins of the intercalated disc: desmosomes consisting of desmoplakin, desmocollin, desmoglein and desmin; adherens junctions with N-cadherin, the catenins and vinculin, and gap junctions with connexin. Failing myocardium obtained from patients undergoing cardiac transplantation exhibits ultrastuctural degeneration and an altered nucleus/cytoplasm relationship. The contractile proteins and those of the sarcomeric skeleton, especially titin, are downregulated, the cytoskeletal proteins desmin and tubulin and membrane-associated proteins such as vinculin and dystrophin are upregulated and those of the intercalated disc are irregularly arranged. Elevation of cytoskeletal proteins correlates well with diastolic and contractile dysfunction in these patients. The enlarged interstitial space contains fibrosis, i.e. accumulations of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components, in addition to macrophages and microvascular elements. Loss of the contractile machinery and related proteins such as titin and alpha-actinin may be the first and decisive event initiating an adaptive increase in cytoskeleton and membrane associated components. Fibrosis may be stimulated by subcellular degeneration. The hypothesis is put forward that all proteins of the different myocardial compartments contribute to the deterioration of cardiac function in heart failure.
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
Kostin S,Hein S,Arnon E,Scholz D,Schaper Jdoi
10.1023/A:1009813621103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-10-01 00:00:00pages
271-80issue
3eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Healing after myocardial infarction (MI) is a well-orchestrated time-dependent process that involves inflammation, tissue repair with extracellular collagen matrix (ECCM) deposition and scar formation, and remodeling of myocardial structure, matrix, vasculature, and function. Rapid early ECCM degradation followed by s...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 已发布勘误
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更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9369-0
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026182912461
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-009-9136-z
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
