Abstract：
:Cardiac hypertrophy is promoted by adrenergic over-activation and represents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The basic knowledge about mechanisms by which sustained adrenergic activation promotes myocardial growth, as well as understanding how structural changes in hypertrophied myocardium could affect myocardial function has been acquired from studies using an animal model of chronic systemic beta-adrenoreceptor agonist administration. Sustained beta-adrenoreceptor activation was shown to enhance the synthesis of myocardial proteins, an effect mediated via stimulation of myocardial growth factors, up-regulation of nuclear proto-oncogenes, induction of cardiac oxidative stress, as well as activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Sustained beta-adrenoreceptor activation contributes to impaired cardiac autonomic regulation as evidenced by blunted parasympathetically-mediated cardiovascular reflexes as well as abnormal storage of myocardial catecholamines. Catecholamine-induced cardiac hypertrophy is associated with reduced contractile responses to adrenergic agonists, an effect attributed to downregulation of myocardial beta-adrenoreceptors, uncoupling of beta-adrenoreceptors and adenylate cyclase, as well as modifications of downstream cAMP-mediated signaling. In compensated cardiac hypertrophy, these changes are associated with preserved or even enhanced basal ventricular systolic function due to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content and Ca(2+)-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release. The increased availability of Ca(2+) to maintain cardiomyocyte contraction is attributed to prolongation of the action potential due to inhibition of the transient outward potassium current as well as stimulation of the reverse mode of the Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange. Further progression of cardiac hypertrophy towards heart failure is due to abnormalities in Ca(2+) handling, necrotic myocardial injury, and increased myocardial stiffness due to interstitial fibrosis.
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
Osadchii OEdoi
10.1007/s10741-007-9007-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-01 00:00:00pages
66-86issue
1eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Accumulation of macrophages within the artery wall is an eminent feature of atherosclerotic plaques. Macrophages are influenced by various plaque microenvironmental stimuli, such as oxidized lipids, cytokines, and senescent erythrocytes, and thereby polarize into two main phenotypes called proinflammatory M1 and anti-...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-09764-z
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Important changes occur in the cardiovascular system with advancing age, even in apparently healthy individuals. Thickening and stiffening of the large arteries develop due to collagen and calcium deposition and loss of elastic fibers in the medial layer. These arterial changes cause systolic blood pressure to rise wi...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-011-9270-2
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to functional alterations, heart failure has a structural basis as well. This concerns all components of the cardiac myocytes as well as the extracellular space. Proteins of the cardiomyocyte can be subdivided in 5 different categories: 1) Contractile proteins including myosin, actin, tropomyosin and the t...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/A:1009813621103
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients diagnosed with CHF have disproportionately high rates of depression. Research has demonstrated significant consequences of depression in patients with CHF including poor quality of life, worse medical adherence and increased health complications, health care utilization, and medical costs. Despite these conse...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-008-9081-2
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death, and the majority of these deaths are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Development and progression of myocardial infarction leading to heart failure is much more complex and multifactorial in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. Despite significant adva...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9172-8
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stem cell therapy is a promising approach to the treatment of ischemic heart disease via replenishing cell loss after myocardial infarction. Both preclinical studies and clinical trials have indicated that cardiac function improved consistently, but very modestly after cell-based therapy. This mainly attributed to low...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-016-9576-1
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that cardiac remodeling plays a pivotal role in the development of heart failure, a leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, sympathetic hyperactivity is an important factor in inducing cardiac remodeling. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of beta-adrenoceptor signaling pathways would hel...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-013-9417-4
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure is a complex disease process, the manifestation of various cardiac and noncardiac abnormalities. General treatment approaches for heart failure have remained the same over the past decades despite the advent of novel therapies and monitoring modalities. In the same vein, the readmission rates for heart f...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9697-9
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with currently available therapies reduces morbidity and mortality. However, implementation of these therapies is a problem with only few patients achieving guideline-recommended maximal doses of therapy. In an effort to improve guideline ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10004-6
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a decline in cardiac systolic or diastolic function, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood to meet the normal physiological requirements of the human body. It is a serious disease burden worldwide affecting nearly 23 million patients. The concept that he...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9713-0
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy plays a critical and seemingly dual-purposed role in cardiomyocytes, being implicated as a mechanism of both cellular survival, for example, during ischemia/reperfusion injury and a mechanism of cell death at stages in which progressive myocyte alterations are beyond repair. This review aims to highlight the...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-009-9137-y
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review evaluates the hypothesis that the cardiac effects of amiodarone can be explained-at least partly-by the induction of a local 'hypothyroid-like condition' in the heart. Evidence supporting the hypothesis comprises the observation that amiodarone exerts an inhibitory effect on the binding of T3 to thyroid ho...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-008-9131-9
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectrum of ischemic heart diseases, encompassing acute myocardial infarction to heart failure, represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Although extensive progress in cardiovascular diagnoses and therapy has been made, the prevalence of the disease continues to increase. Cardiac regeneration has a promisi...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09953-9
更新日期：2020-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of cardiomyocytes occurs with aging and contributes to cardiovascular complications. In the present study, we highlighted the role of clusterin, a protein that has recently been associated with the protection of cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. Clusterin protects cardiac cells against damage from myocardial infarct...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9654-z
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physiologic endurance exercise performance is primarily limited by cardiac function. In patients with heart failure, there is dissociation between cardiac performance and exercise capacity, suggesting a distinct role of abnormal peripheral organ function, including skeletal muscle function. The impact of heart failure...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9353-8
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell transplantation is emerging as a new treatment designed tot improve the poor outcome of patients with cardiac failure. Its rationale is that implantation of contractile cells into postinfarction scars can functionally rejuvenate these areas. Primarily for practical reasons, autologous skeletal myoblasts have been...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1024705214292
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Whether mechanical restraint of the left ventricle (LV) can influence remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) remains poorly understood. The following discussion details three studies examining the effects of surgically placing a cardiac support device (CSD) over the entire epicardial surface, on inf...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10741-005-4640-2
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) is characterized by an abnormal activation of neurohumoral systems, including the sympathetic nervous and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, which have long-term deleterious effects on the disease progression. Perpetuation of this neurohumoral activation is partially d...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-014-9427-x
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options besides heart transplantation or palliation. It is characterized by maladaptive remodeling of cardiomyocytes, extracellular collagen matrix (ECCM) and left ventricular (LV) geometry which contributes to further dysfunction...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9300-8
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are multiple intrinsic mechanisms for diastolic dysfunction ranging from molecular to structural derangements in ventricular myocardium. The molecular mechanisms regulating the progression from normal diastolic function to severe dysfunction still remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggest a potentially im...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-016-9569-0
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome associated with a significant morbidity and mortality burden. Reductions in left ventricular (LV) function trigger adaptive mechanisms, leading to structural changes within the LV and the potential development of dyssynchronous ventricular activation. This is the substrate ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9734-8
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing. A distinction is made between diastolic HF (preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)) and systolic HF (reduced LVEF). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are crystallized proteins that accumulate during ageing, but are particularly increased in patients...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9225-z
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is characterized by the elaboration of a portfolio of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators that are considered to contribute to disease progression by virtue of the deleterious effects that these molecules exert on the heart and circulation. Recent studies have suggested that these ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-009-9140-3
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant growth in the elderly population (age ≥ 65 years) with heart failure (HF) has taken place in developed countries and is occurring in most developing countries. Projections from population studies in the United States, Europe and other developed countries suggest that this trend will very likely continue an...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9299-x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aging population with hypertension and coronary artery disease is rapidly increasing worldwide and develops heart failure (HF). A wide range of pharmacotherapeutic drugs are recommended in the HF management guidelines. For the most part, these recommendations are based on the results of studies in the younger popu...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-011-9282-y
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiotoxicity is a well-known side effect of doxorubicin (DOX), but the mechanisms leading to this phenomenon are still not completely clear. Prediction of drug-induced dysfunction onset is difficult and is still largely based on detection of cardiac troponin (cTn), a circulating marker of heart damage. In the last y...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9653-0
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the rate of hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Modestly elevated circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) during treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors causes different beneficial effects on ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09921-3
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many factors contribute to the pathophysiology and progression of heart failure (HF), offering the potential for many synergistic therapeutic approaches to its management. For patients, who have systolic HF, prolonged QRS and receiving guideline-indicated pharmacological therapy, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9351-x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is the only non-invasive, non-radiation-based technique for investigating the metabolism of living tissue. MRS of protons (1H-MRS), which provides the highest sensitivity of all MR-visible nuclei, is a method capable of detecting and quantifying specific cardiac biomolecules, such...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9341-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sympathetic nervous system provides the most powerful stimulation of cardiac function, brought about via norepinephrine and epinephrine and their postsynaptic beta-adrenergic receptors. More than 30 years after the first use of practolol in patients with heart failure beta blockers are now the mainstay of the phar...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-008-9132-8
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
