Abstract:
:The sympathetic nervous system provides the most powerful stimulation of cardiac function, brought about via norepinephrine and epinephrine and their postsynaptic beta-adrenergic receptors. More than 30 years after the first use of practolol in patients with heart failure beta blockers are now the mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of chronic heart failure. Many aspects of their mechanism of action are well understood, but others remain unresolved. This review focuses on a number of questions that are key to further developments in the field. What accounts for and what is the role of beta-adrenergic desensitization, a hallmark of the failing heart? Is part of this adaptation predominantly beneficial and should therefore be reinforced, another part mainly maladaptive and therefore a target for antagonists? Which lessons can be drawn from studies in genetically engineered mice, which from (pharmaco) genetic studies? Finally, what are promising targets downstream of beta-adrenergic receptors that go beyond the current neurohumoral blockade?
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
El-Armouche A,Eschenhagen Tdoi
10.1007/s10741-008-9132-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
225-41issue
4eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::An important feature of heart failure is the progressive deterioration of left ventricular function that occurs in the absence of clinically apparent intercurrent adverse events. The mechanism or mechanisms responsible for this hemodynamic deterioration are not known. We and others have advanced the hypothesis that th...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1009880720032
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a key independent risk factor in the development of heart failure (HF) and a strong, adverse prognostic factor in HF patients. HF remains the primary cause of hospitalisation for diabetics and, as previous studies have shown, when HF occurs in these patients, intensive glycaemic control does not directly i...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-10041-1
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The evolving paradigm of heart failure has now been expanded to include the favorable neurohormonal, structural and hemodynamic profile of B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP]. As a marker of left ventricular dysfunction, BNP is a practical tool that facilitates diagnosis, contributes to prognostic evaluations and tracks ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1026107701983
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectrum of ischemic heart diseases, encompassing acute myocardial infarction to heart failure, represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Although extensive progress in cardiovascular diagnoses and therapy has been made, the prevalence of the disease continues to increase. Cardiac regeneration has a promisi...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09953-9
更新日期:2020-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide degradation linked to endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in cardiovascular diseases. Superoxide producing enzymes such as NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase are responsible for NO degradation as they generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, superoxide is rapidly degraded by...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1020714518246
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is substantial causal and consequential interaction between the ever-growing heart failure and renal failure patients. Half of the patients with heart failure (HF) have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is difficult to diagnose and rising in prevalence relative to HF with reduced EF (HF...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9619-2
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a novel cardiovascular risk factor. OSA is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery disease and stroke. OSA exerts its negative cardiovascular consequences through its unique pattern of intermittent hypoxia...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9112-z
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is ongoing controversy regarding the association between loop diuretics (LD), especially in high doses, and adverse clinical outcomes in outpatients with heart failure (HF). We performed a systematic review of the evidence for LD in outpatients with HF. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Clinical Trial Co...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09995-z
更新日期:2020-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with currently available therapies reduces morbidity and mortality. However, implementation of these therapies is a problem with only few patients achieving guideline-recommended maximal doses of therapy. In an effort to improve guideline ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-10004-6
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in the USA. Despite advances in pharmacologic management, the incidence of HF is on the rise and survivability is persistently reduced. Sympathetic overdrive is implicated in the pathophysiology of HF, particularly HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Ta...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9680-5
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the United States and Europe, approximately 90% of heart failure hospitalizations are due to symptoms and signs of sodium and fluid excess. Congestion is associated with heart failure progression. Venous congestion, rather than a reduced cardiac output, may be the primary hemodynamic factor driving worsening renal ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9248-0
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to previous epidemiological studies, we can reduce the thickness of epicardial fat and improve cardiovascular risk factors through exercise, and the changes may depend on the form of exercise. We systemically reviewed published studies that evaluated exercise intervention on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) l...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09965-5
更新日期:2020-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::In response to a prolonged pressure- or volume-overload, alterations occur in myocardial fatty acid, glucose, and glycogen metabolism. Oxidation of long chain fatty acids has been found to be reduced in hypertrophied hearts compared to non-hypertrophied hearts. However, this observation depends upon the degree of card...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1015380609464
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocarditis (MCD) is a type of inflammatory disease in which inflammatory cells infiltrate the myocardium, leading to cardiac dysfunction, myocardial necrosis, and fibrosis. Although it has been reported that MCD is mediated by T cells, the immune system is complex and includes many types of immune cells that interact...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-019-09799-w
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a decline in cardiac systolic or diastolic function, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood to meet the normal physiological requirements of the human body. It is a serious disease burden worldwide affecting nearly 23 million patients. The concept that he...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9713-0
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem worldwide, with co-morbidities contributing to the overall severity and mortality of the disease. The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease among COPD patients are high. Both disorders often co-exist, mainly due to smoking, but they al...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9646-z
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healing after myocardial infarction (MI) is a well-orchestrated time-dependent process that involves inflammation, tissue repair with extracellular collagen matrix (ECCM) deposition and scar formation, and remodeling of myocardial structure, matrix, vasculature, and function. Rapid early ECCM degradation followed by s...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9090-1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are multiple intrinsic mechanisms for diastolic dysfunction ranging from molecular to structural derangements in ventricular myocardium. The molecular mechanisms regulating the progression from normal diastolic function to severe dysfunction still remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggest a potentially im...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-016-9569-0
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, systemic disorder that presents a serious and growing public health problem due to its high prevalence, mortality, and cost of care. Due to the aging of the population and medical advances that prolong the life of HF patients, more effective, widespread strategies for improved HF manag...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-019-09781-6
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predictive computational modelling in biomedical research offers the potential to integrate diverse data, uncover biological mechanisms that are not easily accessible through experimental methods and expose gaps in knowledge requiring further research. Recent developments in computing and diagnostic technologies have ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-016-9528-9
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a global epidemic and a leading cause of death with more than 422 million patients worldwide out of whom around 392 million alone suffer from type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are novel and effective drugs in managing glycemia of T2D patients. These inhibitors gained...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9665-9
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients diagnosed with CHF have disproportionately high rates of depression. Research has demonstrated significant consequences of depression in patients with CHF including poor quality of life, worse medical adherence and increased health complications, health care utilization, and medical costs. Despite these conse...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9081-2
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic transformation of pluripotent cells due to a typical cytogenetic and molecular mutation known as Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. In 2001, the introduction of the tyrosine kinasis inhibitor (TKI) imatinib as a therapeutic strategy...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09926-y
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure continues to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. Over the past decade, left ventricular assist devices have been shown to improve the survival and quality of life. However, it is quite clear that very sick patients do not do as well, and it is therefore imperative to select patients at the p...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-012-9316-0
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of echocardiographic markers of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in comparison with the gold standard of cardiac catheterization. Diagnosing HFpEF is challenging, as symptoms are non-specific...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09985-1
更新日期:2020-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for almost one-half of all heart failure (HF) patients and continues to increase in prevalence. While mortality with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has decreased over the past few decades with use of evidence-based HFrEF therapy, mor...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09958-4
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::This review evaluates the hypothesis that the cardiac effects of amiodarone can be explained-at least partly-by the induction of a local 'hypothyroid-like condition' in the heart. Evidence supporting the hypothesis comprises the observation that amiodarone exerts an inhibitory effect on the binding of T3 to thyroid ho...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9131-9
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease requiring lifelong control with hypoglycemic agents that must demonstrate excellent efficacy and safety profiles. In patients taking glucose-lowering drugs, hypoglycemia is a common cause of death associated with arrhythmias, increased thrombus formation, and specific effects of ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9647-y
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite remarkable progress in the therapeutic approach of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), exercise intolerance remains one of the hallmarks of the disease. During the past two decades, evidence has accumulated to underscore the key role of both endothelial dysfunction and skeletal muscle wasting in the pro...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-012-9324-0
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing. A distinction is made between diastolic HF (preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)) and systolic HF (reduced LVEF). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are crystallized proteins that accumulate during ageing, but are particularly increased in patients...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-010-9225-z
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00