Abstract：
:The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) is characterized by an abnormal activation of neurohumoral systems, including the sympathetic nervous and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, which have long-term deleterious effects on the disease progression. Perpetuation of this neurohumoral activation is partially dependent of central nervous system (CNS) pathways, mainly involving the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and some regions of the brainstem. Modifications in these integrative CNS circuits result in the attenuation of sympathoinhibitory and exacerbation of sympathoexcitatory pathways. In addition to the regulation of sympathetic outflow, these central pathways coordinate a complex network of agents with an established pathophysiological relevance in HF such as angiotensin, aldosterone, and proinflammatory cytokines. Central pathways could be potential targets in HF therapy since the current mainstay of HF pharmacotherapy aims primarily at antagonizing the peripheral mechanisms. Thus, in the present review, we describe the role of CNS pathways in HF pathophysiology and as potential novel therapeutic targets.
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
Sousa-Pinto B,Ferreira-Pinto MJ,Santos M,Leite-Moreira AFdoi
10.1007/s10741-014-9427-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
759-79issue
6eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cardiac fibrosis is associated with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, increasing its morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibroblast is the keystone of fibrogenesis, being activated by numerous cellular and humoral factors. Macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and endothelial cells stimulate fibrogenesis dir...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09940-0
更新日期：2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, two different aspects of the relationship between chronic kidney disease and sudden cardiac death (SCD) have been reviewed. In end-stage renal disease patients, SCD risk is increased, and among patients implanted with a cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), dialysed ones carry a superior relative risk compa...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9210-6
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iron deficiency (ID) is a common and ominous comorbidity in heart failure (HF) and predicts worse outcomes, independently of the presence of anaemia. Accumulated data from animal models of systemic ID suggest that ID is associated with several functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. However, the exact ro...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9738-4
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Important changes occur in the cardiovascular system with advancing age, even in apparently healthy individuals. Thickening and stiffening of the large arteries develop due to collagen and calcium deposition and loss of elastic fibers in the medial layer. These arterial changes cause systolic blood pressure to rise wi...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-011-9270-2
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive method to assess by-products of myocardial metabolism. Recent developments in shorter scan protocols and more powerful field strengths have created interest in utilizing this technology in studying and characterizing the metabolic derangements in heart fai...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9611-x
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congestive heart failure is most often caused by scar from coronary occlusion. The transition from occluded vessel to scar to dilation results in a remodeled ventricle that changes shape from ellipse to sphere. This shape change following an index event is called remodeling and a surgical approach for restoration (bri...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-005-6801-8
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is a global epidemic and a leading cause of death with more than 422 million patients worldwide out of whom around 392 million alone suffer from type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are novel and effective drugs in managing glycemia of T2D patients. These inhibitors gained...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9665-9
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is the only non-invasive, non-radiation-based technique for investigating the metabolism of living tissue. MRS of protons (1H-MRS), which provides the highest sensitivity of all MR-visible nuclei, is a method capable of detecting and quantifying specific cardiac biomolecules, such...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9341-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension that develops in the setting of underlying lung diseases such as COPD or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with decreased functional status, worsening hypoxemia and quality of life, and increased mortality. This complication of lung disease is complex in its origin and carries a ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-016-9551-x
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now clear that diastolic heart failure (DHF) is an important, perhaps even dominant form of heart failure in older Americans. However, our knowledge base regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, natural history, and therapy of this relatively recently recognized disorder is limited. A number of normal age re...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1013745705318
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Descriptions of the pathophysiology of heart failure have gone through a substantial evolution in the last 50 years. It is now recognised that heart failure can occur in the presence and also in the absence of a reduction in left ventricular function. In the former situation, this classically has been described to lea...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9344-9
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myocarditis (MCD) is a type of inflammatory disease in which inflammatory cells infiltrate the myocardium, leading to cardiac dysfunction, myocardial necrosis, and fibrosis. Although it has been reported that MCD is mediated by T cells, the immune system is complex and includes many types of immune cells that interact...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-019-09799-w
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is generally considered adaptive responses that may occur after myocardial infarction, pressure overload, volume overload, inflammatory heart muscle disease, or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, whereas long-term stimulation eventually leads to heart failure (HF). However, the current molecul...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-019-09882-2
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Heart transplantation has become an acceptable treatment in pediatric patients with end-stage heart disease and complex congenital heart disease. The liberalization of recipient eligibility criteria, mainly age, along with the expansion of the donor pool has resulted in the acceptable transplantation of ol...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011406022657
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although several risk factors including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, and diabetes are known to result in heart failure, elderly subjects are more susceptible to myocardial infarction and more likely to develop heart failure. This article is intended to discuss that cardiac dysfunction in...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-011-9278-7
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important feature of heart failure is the progressive deterioration of left ventricular function that occurs in the absence of clinically apparent intercurrent adverse events. The mechanism or mechanisms responsible for this hemodynamic deterioration are not known. We and others have advanced the hypothesis that th...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1009880720032
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing. A distinction is made between diastolic HF (preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)) and systolic HF (reduced LVEF). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are crystallized proteins that accumulate during ageing, but are particularly increased in patients...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9225-z
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence-based management has improved long-term survival in patients with heart failure (HF). However, an unintended consequence of increased longevity is that patients with HF are exposed to a greater symptom burden over time. In addition to classic symptoms such as dyspnea and edema, patients with HF frequently suf...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-016-9581-4
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of echocardiographic markers of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in comparison with the gold standard of cardiac catheterization. Diagnosing HFpEF is challenging, as symptoms are non-specific...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09985-1
更新日期：2020-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure is a complex disease process, the manifestation of various cardiac and noncardiac abnormalities. General treatment approaches for heart failure have remained the same over the past decades despite the advent of novel therapies and monitoring modalities. In the same vein, the readmission rates for heart f...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9697-9
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant growth in the elderly population (age ≥ 65 years) with heart failure (HF) has taken place in developed countries and is occurring in most developing countries. Projections from population studies in the United States, Europe and other developed countries suggest that this trend will very likely continue an...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9299-x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic transformation of pluripotent cells due to a typical cytogenetic and molecular mutation known as Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. In 2001, the introduction of the tyrosine kinasis inhibitor (TKI) imatinib as a therapeutic strategy...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09926-y
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients diagnosed with CHF have disproportionately high rates of depression. Research has demonstrated significant consequences of depression in patients with CHF including poor quality of life, worse medical adherence and increased health complications, health care utilization, and medical costs. Despite these conse...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-008-9081-2
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anemia is common in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and is associated with an increased mortality, morbidity and progressive renal failure. The most common causes of the anemia in CHF are (1) the associated Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which causes depression of erythropoietin (EPO) production in the kidney, and (2) e...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9194-2
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have highlighted the propensity of the antidiabetic agents, SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is or -flozin drugs), to exert positive clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease at risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Of interest in cardiac diabetology is the ph...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09996-y
更新日期：2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Brief ischemia to the myocardium initiates a cascade of biochemical events in cardiac myocytes that protects the heart muscle during subsequent ischemic insults. This phenomenon is called ischemic preconditioning. If an acute myocardial infarction is preceded by preinfarction angina, it results in smaller infarction s...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-007-9037-y
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to study the cardiovascular and economic burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) in the US and to assess the recent temporal trend. Data from the National Inpatient Sample were analyzed between 2005 and 2014. The prevalence of DM increased from 40.4 to 46.5% in patient...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10012-6
更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the rate of hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Modestly elevated circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) during treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors causes different beneficial effects on ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09921-3
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is a key independent risk factor in the development of heart failure (HF) and a strong, adverse prognostic factor in HF patients. HF remains the primary cause of hospitalisation for diabetics and, as previous studies have shown, when HF occurs in these patients, intensive glycaemic control does not directly i...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10041-1
更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:There was a mistake in Prof. Giuseppe Massimo Claudio Rosano's affiliation. ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10000-w
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
