Abstract：
:Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have highlighted the propensity of the antidiabetic agents, SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is or -flozin drugs), to exert positive clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease at risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Of interest in cardiac diabetology is the physiological status of the patient with T2DM and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a well-examined association. Underlying this pathologic tandem are the effects that long-standing hyperglycemia has on the ability of the HFpEF heart to adequately deliver oxygen. It is believed that shortcomings in oxygen diffusion or utilization and the resulting hypoxia thereafter may play a role in underlying the clinical sequelae of patients with T2DM and HFpEF, with implications in the long-term decline of extra-cardiac tissue. Oxygen consumption is one of the most critical factors in indexing heart failure disease burden, warranting a probe into the role of SGLT2i on oxygen utility in HFpEF and T2DM. We investigated the role of oxygen flux in the patient with T2DM and HFpEF extending beyond the heart with focuses on cellular metabolism, perivascular fibrosis with endothelial dysfunction, hematologic changes, and renal effects with neurohormonal considerations in the patient with HFpEF and T2DM. Moreover, we give a commentary on potential therapeutic targets of these components with SGLT2i to gain insight into disease burden amelioration in patients with HFpEF and T2DM.
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
Nashawi M,Sheikh O,Battisha A,Mir M,Chilton Rdoi
10.1007/s10741-020-09996-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-24 00:00:00eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322pii
10.1007/s10741-020-09996-ypub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cardiac fibrosis is associated with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, increasing its morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibroblast is the keystone of fibrogenesis, being activated by numerous cellular and humoral factors. Macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and endothelial cells stimulate fibrogenesis dir...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09940-0
更新日期：2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality in the Western World. Our knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapy has improved dramatically during the last 20 years. Pharmacological treatment, as it stands today, is a combination of preventive and symptomatic strategies. The ma...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-006-9482-z
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive method to assess by-products of myocardial metabolism. Recent developments in shorter scan protocols and more powerful field strengths have created interest in utilizing this technology in studying and characterizing the metabolic derangements in heart fai...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9611-x
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physiologic endurance exercise performance is primarily limited by cardiac function. In patients with heart failure, there is dissociation between cardiac performance and exercise capacity, suggesting a distinct role of abnormal peripheral organ function, including skeletal muscle function. The impact of heart failure...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9353-8
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, where living conditions promote spread of group A β-haemolytic streptococcus. Autoimmune reactions due to molecular mimicry of bacterial epitopes by host proteins cause acute rheumatic fever (A...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09993-1
更新日期：2020-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in the USA. Despite advances in pharmacologic management, the incidence of HF is on the rise and survivability is persistently reduced. Sympathetic overdrive is implicated in the pathophysiology of HF, particularly HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Ta...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9680-5
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is a common complication in patients with type 2 diabetes and it is closely associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. The incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes is related to high levels of glycemia, expressed by increase of HbA1c levels. However, there is little evide...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9669-0
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite remarkable progress in the therapeutic approach of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), exercise intolerance remains one of the hallmarks of the disease. During the past two decades, evidence has accumulated to underscore the key role of both endothelial dysfunction and skeletal muscle wasting in the pro...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9324-0
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the recent advances in diagnosis and management of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, especially through novel HER2-targeted agents, cardiotoxicity becomes an emerging problem. Although chemotherapy significantly increases survival, the risk of cardiovascular disease development is high and still undere...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10072-8
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolving paradigm of heart failure has now been expanded to include the favorable neurohormonal, structural and hemodynamic profile of B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP]. As a marker of left ventricular dysfunction, BNP is a practical tool that facilitates diagnosis, contributes to prognostic evaluations and tracks ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026107701983
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension that develops in the setting of underlying lung diseases such as COPD or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with decreased functional status, worsening hypoxemia and quality of life, and increased mortality. This complication of lung disease is complex in its origin and carries a ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-016-9551-x
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes and heart failure (HF) are both global epidemics with tremendous costs on society with increased rates of HF hospitalizations and worsened prognosis when co-existing, making it a significant "deadly duo." The evidence for pharmacological treatment of HF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stems t...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9685-0
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represents one of the primary cardiomyopathies and may lead to heart failure and sudden death. Until recently, ventricular arrhythmias were considered to be a direct consequence of the systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) and guidelines for implantable cardioverter defibrillator...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09933-z
更新日期：2020-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：:This review evaluates the hypothesis that the cardiac effects of amiodarone can be explained-at least partly-by the induction of a local 'hypothyroid-like condition' in the heart. Evidence supporting the hypothesis comprises the observation that amiodarone exerts an inhibitory effect on the binding of T3 to thyroid ho...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-008-9131-9
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This collection of papers covers developments in a rapidly growing area, sarcomeric proteins in hypertrophied and failing myocardium. Advances in our understanding of the biochemistry and biophysics of crossbridge cycling, contributions of thick versus thin filament and the emerging role of titin, the importance and m...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-005-5247-3
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy plays a critical and seemingly dual-purposed role in cardiomyocytes, being implicated as a mechanism of both cellular survival, for example, during ischemia/reperfusion injury and a mechanism of cell death at stages in which progressive myocyte alterations are beyond repair. This review aims to highlight the...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-009-9137-y
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite therapeutic advances, patients with worsening heart failure (HF) requiring hospitalization have unacceptably high post-discharge mortality and re-admission rates soon after discharge. Evidence suggests a hypercoagulable state is present in patients with HF. Although thromboembolism as a direct consequence of H...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9343-x
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options besides heart transplantation or palliation. It is characterized by maladaptive remodeling of cardiomyocytes, extracellular collagen matrix (ECCM) and left ventricular (LV) geometry which contributes to further dysfunction...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9300-8
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem worldwide, with co-morbidities contributing to the overall severity and mortality of the disease. The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease among COPD patients are high. Both disorders often co-exist, mainly due to smoking, but they al...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9646-z
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a subcategory of pulmonary hypertension (PH) that comprises a group of disorders with similar pulmonary vascular pathology. Though PH is common, the estimated incidence of IPAH is 1-3 cases per million, making it a rare disease. The hemodynamic definition of PAH is a mean pulmo...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-015-9510-y
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heart consumes huge amounts of energy to fulfil its function as a relentless pump. A highly sophisticated system of energy generation based on flexibility of substrate use and efficient energy production, effective energy sensing and energy transfer ensures function of the healthy heart across a range of physiolog...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-012-9359-2
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is a key independent risk factor in the development of heart failure (HF) and a strong, adverse prognostic factor in HF patients. HF remains the primary cause of hospitalisation for diabetics and, as previous studies have shown, when HF occurs in these patients, intensive glycaemic control does not directly i...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-10041-1
更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac hypertrophy is promoted by adrenergic over-activation and represents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The basic knowledge about mechanisms by which sustained adrenergic activation promotes myocardial growth, as well as understanding how structural changes in hypertrophied ...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-007-9007-4
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial causal and consequential interaction between the ever-growing heart failure and renal failure patients. Half of the patients with heart failure (HF) have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is difficult to diagnose and rising in prevalence relative to HF with reduced EF (HF...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-017-9619-2
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell transplantation is emerging as a new treatment designed tot improve the poor outcome of patients with cardiac failure. Its rationale is that implantation of contractile cells into postinfarction scars can functionally rejuvenate these areas. Primarily for practical reasons, autologous skeletal myoblasts have been...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1024705214292
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic transformation of pluripotent cells due to a typical cytogenetic and molecular mutation known as Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. In 2001, the introduction of the tyrosine kinasis inhibitor (TKI) imatinib as a therapeutic strategy...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-020-09926-y
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a decline in cardiac systolic or diastolic function, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood to meet the normal physiological requirements of the human body. It is a serious disease burden worldwide affecting nearly 23 million patients. The concept that he...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10741-018-9713-0
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to functional alterations, heart failure has a structural basis as well. This concerns all components of the cardiac myocytes as well as the extracellular space. Proteins of the cardiomyocyte can be subdivided in 5 different categories: 1) Contractile proteins including myosin, actin, tropomyosin and the t...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/A:1009813621103
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, two different aspects of the relationship between chronic kidney disease and sudden cardiac death (SCD) have been reviewed. In end-stage renal disease patients, SCD risk is increased, and among patients implanted with a cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), dialysed ones carry a superior relative risk compa...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-010-9210-6
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) is characterized by an abnormal activation of neurohumoral systems, including the sympathetic nervous and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, which have long-term deleterious effects on the disease progression. Perpetuation of this neurohumoral activation is partially d...
journal_title：Heart failure reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10741-014-9427-x
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
