Abstract：
:Wollastonite is a naturally occurring calcium silicate (CaSiO(3)) that is produced in both powder and fibrous forms. It is a valuable industrial mineral used in plastics, ceramics, metallurgical applications, paint, and friction products. For some applications wollastonite serves as an asbestos replacement. To varying degrees, wollastonite grades contain respirable particles/fibers, some of which have lengths and diameters that might be biologically active if deposited and retained in the lung. In this review we provide background information on wollastonite properties, markets, production and use, regulatory classification, and occupational exposure limits. We also summarize the available studies on the toxicology and epidemiology of wollastonite. We conclude that there is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity of wollastonite in animals and, based on strong evidence that wollastonite is not biopersistent, believe that a well-designed animal inhalation bioassay would have a negative result. The epidemiological evidence for wollastonite is limited, but does not suggest that workers are at significant risk of an increased incidence of pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, or mesothelioma. Morbidity studies have demonstrated a nonspecific increase in bronchitis and reduced lung function. It is prudent, however, to continue product stewardship efforts by wollastonite producers to control workplace exposures and to monitor scientific developments.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Maxim LD,McConnell EEdoi
10.1080/08958370591002030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
451-66issue
9eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691pii
QV55K0R4247L42M6journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) is associated with respiratory effects, and asthmatic children are especially sensitive. Preliminary evidence suggests that combustion-derived particles play an important role. Our objective was to evaluate effect estimates from different PM(2.5) exposure metrics in relation to airway...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370801903826
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computational fluid dynamic modeling software has enabled microdosimetry patterns of inhaled toxins and toxicants to be predicted and visualized, and is being used in inhalation toxicology and risk assessment. These predicted microdosimetry patterns in airway structures are derived from predicted airflow patterns with...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370701260889
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the "Commonwealth Games" 2010 (CWG-2010) in Delhi, the Indian government has implemented an ambitious project "System of Air quality Forecasting And Research (SAFAR)" for monitoring and forecasting air-quality scenario. Using high-precision spatio-temporal measurements of criteria pollutants from the SAFAR netw...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2013.788103
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work is to define a sample preparation protocol that allows inorganic fibers and particulate matter extracted from different biological samples to be characterized morphologically, crystallographically and chemically by transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). The ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2016.1175527
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Information on nasal particle deposition is used in risk assessments for exposure to airborne particulate pollutants and for optimizing the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Monkeys are commonly used to assess the therapeutic potential of inhaled substances and to a lesser extent the toxicity of inhaled xenobiotics. Y...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370500241270
更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine the association between home and vehicle exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and chronic bronchitis based on data from 64,961 non-smokers aged 12 years and older who participated in the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). The proportion of respondents who reported ETS...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370802409567
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The significance of lung function as an independent risk factor for lung cancer remains unclear. The objective of the study is to answer the question if spirometry can identify patients at risk for lung cancer among people occupationally exposed to asbestos dust in the past. METHODS:In order to identify a gr...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2016.1272652
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous environmental or occupational exposure to airborne particulate pollution is believed to be a major hazard for human health. A technique to characterize their deposition and clearance from the lungs is fundamental to understand the underlying mechanisms behind their negative health effects. In this work, we ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2010.549856
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary objective of this study was to correlate the emission of macro and nanoparticles released during the process of metal inert gas/metal active gas (MIG/MAG) of stainless steel with different gas mixtures. Using different gas mixtures with different heat inputs, it was possible to determine fume formation rat...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2017.1358778
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with acute exacerbations of airflow obstruction. Additionally, elderly individuals are more susceptible to increased functional morbidity following acute PM exposure. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to determine the aging effects of PM exposure on the respon...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.731436
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article addresses the importance of blood pressure as a covariate in studies of long-term associations between air quality and mortality. We focus on a cohort of about 50,000 U.S. veterans who had been diagnosed as hypertensive at some time and whose survival rates were predicted by blood pressure (BP) and ambien...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370304463
更新日期：2003-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Mexico City children are chronically exposed to significant concentrations of air pollutants and exhibit chronic respiratory-tract inflammation. Epidemiological, controlled human exposures, laboratory-based animal models, and in vitro/in vivo studies have shown that inflammatory, endothelial dysfunction, and endotheli...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370701864797
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Particulate air pollution, for example, from ultrafine (UF) particles, has negative health effects. However, there is still limited knowledge regarding the fate of inhaled particles in the human body. OBJECTIVES:To describe the normal lung deposition and 1 week particle retention of indium-111 labeled UF carbo...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.708065
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies have shown an association between microbial growth in buildings and increased risk of respiratory symptoms and disease related to inflammatory reactions in the inhabitants96. The current study examined the affects of growth conditions of Streptomyces anulatus, isolated from indoor air of a mold...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/089583701459065
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased lung cancer incidence with workers at the production site of crude silicon carbide (SiC) using the Acheson process has been reported. Several agents derived from the process were discussed as causative factors. Recently concern had been expressed about the presence of cleavage fragments (CFs) in commercial p...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2014.885099
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic bronchitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Chronic irritation of the conducting airways by inhaled substances, most importantly cigarette smoke, air pollution, and occupational exposures, is thought to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis. Microbial infections have been ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/089583700750019549
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Irritant-induced inflammation of the airways may aggravate respiratory allergy induced by chemical respiratory allergens. Therefore, it was studied whether airway irritation by sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) would enhance respiratory allergic reactions to trimellitic anhydride (TMA), using a rat model. Brown Norway (BN) rats ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958370902828468
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increases in particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM(2.5)) in ambient air is linked to acute cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific components and potential emission sources of PM(2.5) responsible for adverse health effects of cardiovascular function are unclear. METHODS:Spontaneously hypertensive...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2011.580387
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies of particulate matter (PM) using central area monitors have associated total PM mass, as well as certain individual components of PM, including sulfate, with adverse human health effects. However, some recent studies that used concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) or analyzed the effects of air...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/08958370590885672
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Mucociliary clearance sustains a baseline functionality and an "on demand" capability to upregulate clearance upon irritant exposure involving mucus hypersecretion and accelerated ciliary beat frequency (CBF) modulated by nitric oxide (NO). This study characterized these elements as well as cellular and exoge...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2017.1318985
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Irritant-induced inflammation of the airways may aggravate respiratory allergy induced by chemical respiratory allergens. Therefore, the effect of airway irritation by synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) on respiratory allergy to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) was studied. Brown Norway (BN) rats were topically sensitized on...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370802105371
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to characterize the respiratory effects of single and repeated controlled exposures to clean warm humid and cold dry air in a new model of anesthetized, mechanically ventilated guinea pigs, and to compare findings with known effects in humans. Intratracheal air (T(tr)) and retrotracheal t...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370050085129
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma rates have been increasing worldwide, and exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) may be implicated in this increase. DEP may also play a role in the increased morbidity and mortality associated with ambient airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure. Two types of nasal responses have been reported for human ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370600743027
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein plays an important pathogenic role in various diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. However, the relationship between variation of HMGB1 gene and susceptibility to coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) remains unclear. The objective of the study was to determine the as...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2020.1764153
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study is focused on the characterization of particles emitted in the metal active gas welding of carbon steel using mixture of Ar + CO2, and intends to analyze which are the main process parameters that influence the emission itself. It was found that the amount of emitted particles (measured by particle number a...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2014.897400
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well documented that inhalation of sulfur mustard causes injury of the respiratory system. While all of the reports and surveys thoroughly document long-term pulmonary effects after significant exposure to mustard, there is no direct evidence that addresses the issue of long-term respiratory effects in individua...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370490442421
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxygen radical generation due to surface radicals, inflammation, and iron release has been suggested as the mechanism of adverse effects of quartz, such as emphysema, fibrosis, and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, we measured iron release, acellular generation of hydroxyl radicals, and oxidative DNA damage and cytotox...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1999 Berry published a model for mesothelioma incidence following fiber exposure. He concluded, that the influence of the solubility of fibers on the mesothelioma rate is 17 times higher in humans than in rats. This conclusion may be helpful for evaluating the carcinogenic risk from man-made vitreous fibers, but it...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and heat-shock protein-70 (Hsp70) in plasma are known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study we have investigated the effects of environmental air pollution particles (PM10) and ultrafine carbon black (ufCB) on the expression of CRP...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AKR/J mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via inhalation for 3 wk and pulmonary responses were evaluated. The objective was to explore the feasibility of coexposing LPS with cigarette smoke under a subacute exposure, as a surrogate for viral or bacterial insults, that would mimic ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
