Abstract:
:Information on nasal particle deposition is used in risk assessments for exposure to airborne particulate pollutants and for optimizing the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Monkeys are commonly used to assess the therapeutic potential of inhaled substances and to a lesser extent the toxicity of inhaled xenobiotics. Yet no reliable measurements of the deposition efficiency of monkey nasal airways for particles >1 microm have been reported to date. The goals of this study were to measure the deposition efficiency (>1 microm) of a replica of monkey nasal airways and to investigate potential differences in nasal deposition between humans and monkeys by comparing results with similar measurements recently reported for human nasal replicas. The monkey nasal replica was an acrylic mold made from a postmortem cast of the nasal airways of a 12-kg, male rhesus monkey. Particle deposition in the monkey nasal mold was measured for monodisperse aerosols between 1 and 10 microm and constant inspiratory flow rates between 2 and 7 lpm. Total deposition efficiency increased from nearly 0 to 100% with increasing particle inertia and was uniquely determined by values of an inertial impaction parameter. The deposition efficiencies of the monkey replica agreed well with those of human nasal replicas when compared according to equivalent Stokes numbers based on minimum cross-sectional area. Results from this study could improve monkey-to-human extrapolation models and interpretations of data from particle toxicity and therapeutic aerosol studies using monkeys.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Kelly JT,Asgharian B,Wong BAdoi
10.1080/08958370500241270subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-15 00:00:00pages
823-30issue
14eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691pii
P123164235H3X851journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract:CONTEXT:Heart rate alterations associated with exposure to particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants have been observed in epidemiological studies and animal experiments. Nevertheless, the time-lag of these associations is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:Determine the association at different time-lags between the compl...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958370903349365
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diesel engine exhaust (DEE), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has been associated with adverse health effects. Revelation of cellular and molecular changes is critical for understanding environmental exposure-related diseases. Although the molecular-level effects of DEE exposure have been investigated, whether it...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2016.1162233
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An original mathematical model describing particle diffusion in human nasal passages is presented. A unique feature of the model is that it combines effects of both turbulent and laminar flows. To account for turbulence, concentration equations written in cylindrical coordinates are first simplified by a scaling techn...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370304458
更新日期:2003-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have been reported to cause lung pathologies in multiple studies. However, the mechanism responsible for the bioactivity has not been determined. This study used nine different well-characterized MWCNT and examined the outcomes in vitro and in vivo. MWCNT, from a variety of source...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.745633
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal studies on refractory ceramic fiber (RCF) have led to the suggestion that RCF might resemble asbestos in carcinogenicity. Human data are available to test this hypothesis. METHODS:We compared the occurrence of lung cancer and mesothelioma in 605 men engaged in the manufacture of RCF and followed sinc...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.683892
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic studies have linked inhalation of air pollutants such as ozone to cardiovascular mortality. Human exposure studies have shown that inhalation of ambient levels of ozone causes airway and systemic inflammation and an imbalance in sympathetic/parasympathetic tone. METHODS:To explore molecular me...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1080/08958378.2017.1310333
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement strategies as well as results from measurements at workplaces are presented. Measurements were performed in research laboratories as well as by companies producing small amounts of nanostructured materials. The work was done in the frame of a BAuA (Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin) resear...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370902962317
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Particulate air pollution, for example, from ultrafine (UF) particles, has negative health effects. However, there is still limited knowledge regarding the fate of inhaled particles in the human body. OBJECTIVES:To describe the normal lung deposition and 1 week particle retention of indium-111 labeled UF carbo...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.708065
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species differences in the handling of particles are topics of interest for setting ambient particulate matter standards as well as for studies involving the phenomenon of lung overload and the implications, if any, of such studies for workplace dust exposure standards. The dosimetry of inhaled particles differs among...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2000.11463250
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular bases for variability in air pollutant-induced pulmonary injury due to underlying cardiovascular (CVD) and/or metabolic diseases are unknown. We hypothesized that healthy and genetic CVD-prone rat models will exhibit exacerbated response to acute ozone exposure dependent on the type and severity of disea...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.954169
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several pharmacokinetic studies on inhalation exposure to manganese (Mn) have already demonstrated that Mn readily accumulates in the olfactory and brain regions. However, a shortening of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 relaxation time or high T1 signal intensity in specific sites of the brain, including the g...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370701516108
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) was investigated. Twenty pregnant ICR mice were exposed to DE at the particle concentration of 1.0 mg/m3, from d 2 until d 16 postcoitum. Male offspring were kept alive until 12 wk of age, and then male reproductive organ weight, daily sperm production (DSP), seru...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370601069257
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this work is to define a sample preparation protocol that allows inorganic fibers and particulate matter extracted from different biological samples to be characterized morphologically, crystallographically and chemically by transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). The ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2016.1175527
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1997 The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified some exposures to crystalline silica as carcinogenic to humans. Such exposures were acknowledged to be very variable, and even in the same monograph it was admitted that coal dust, containing as much as 20% quartz, could not be classified. Clearly ther...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370802136731
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory studies involving intentional and highly controlled exposures to air pollutants among groups of human volunteers provide valuable information related to the potential health effects of pollutants regulated under the US Clean Air Act. These controlled human exposure studies often provide biological plausibil...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08958378.2010.539290
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiology studies of populations living in areas with good air quality report correlations between levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) and mortality rates. These associations occur at low PM concentrations that are below current air quality standards. Can such concentrations cause mortality, given the toxicit...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490442935
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles has resulted in their extensive application in health, electronic, and home products. However, while the population exposed to silver nanoparticles continues to increase with ever new applications, silver nanoparticles remain a controversial research area as regards the...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370701874663
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate effects of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and its derivatives (bisulfite and sulfite) on the rat blood pressure. The blood pressures of male Wistar rats exposed to SO(2) and its derivatives at various doses were measured. Findings were that: (1) with acute-one time exposure to SO(2) for ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390215785
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Germany in 2006 a series of rapidly developing and sometimes severe cases of pulmonary health impairment were observed after normal use of the "Magic Nano Glass & Ceramic" spray and "Magic Nano Bath" spray. In contrast, the previously marketed "Magic Nano" pump spray product (handheld trigger device without propell...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370802220634
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Provisional Advisory Level (PAL) protocol was applied to estimate inhalation exposure limits for phosgene (CG). Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures fo...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08958370903202820
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have shown an association between microbial growth in buildings and increased risk of respiratory symptoms and disease related to inflammatory reactions in the inhabitants96. The current study examined the affects of growth conditions of Streptomyces anulatus, isolated from indoor air of a mold...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/089583701459065
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper summarizes available data on worker exposures to asphalt fume (soluble fraction), total particulate matter, and respirable crystalline silica (quartz) [hereinafter RCS] over a 30-year period in Owens Corning's asphalt production and roofing manufacturing plants. For the period 1977 through 2006, the air-mon...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2011.604107
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrafine particles (diameter < 100 nm) may be important in the health effects of air pollution, in part because of their predicted high respiratory deposition. However, there are few measurements of ultrafine particle deposition during spontaneous breathing. The fractional deposition for the total respiratory tract o...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370304468
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We briefly review the evidence that the carcinogenic risk posed by inhaled fibers depends principally on the lung burden of long fibers. We use a deposition clearance model to generate time-dependent lung burdens in rats of a dozen long fibers for various exposure concentrations. Together with a previously estimated p...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/089583701316941294
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concurrent exposure to SO(2) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) resulted in an increased incidence of lung tumors in rodents compared to exposure to B(a)P alone. A synergistic effect on the expression of c-fos and c-jun between SO(2) and B(a)P was observed in lungs after SO(2) and B(a)P exposure. However, tumorigenesis occurs...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958370903341891
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for inhalative exposure of minipigs to aerosols and gases has been developed. Minipigs are exposed via mask inhalation to the test substance using a computer-controlled exposure system that permits simultaneous exposure of groups of four animals in parallel to different controlled dose levels. We studied inha...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370150502476
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate effects of neurobehavioral disturbances in mice caused by sub-chronic exposure to low-dose volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the possible mechanism for these effects, 60 male Kunming mice were exposed in 5 similar static chambers, 0 (control) and 4 different doses of VOCs mixture (G1-4) for consecut...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.882447
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The correlation of physico-chemical properties with mechanisms of toxicity has been proposed as an approach to predict the toxic potential of the vast number of emerging nanomaterials. Although relationships have been established between properties and the acute pulmonary inflammation induced by nanomateri...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2019.1680775
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wollastonite is a naturally occurring calcium silicate (CaSiO(3)) that is produced in both powder and fibrous forms. It is a valuable industrial mineral used in plastics, ceramics, metallurgical applications, paint, and friction products. For some applications wollastonite serves as an asbestos replacement. To varying...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370591002030
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchial epithelial cells exposed to allergens typically secrete chemokines to recruit eosinophils. Persistent inflammation and repair responses result in airway remodeling and irreversible airflow limitation. House dust mite (HDM) is a common allergen causing allergic disorders. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a redox protein ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370802368730
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00