Long-term respiratory disorders of claimers with subclinical exposure to chemical warfare agents.

abstract：:In the evaluation of particulate matter (PM) toxicity, one faces the challenge of identifying components that could be addressed as markers of toxicity. This study examines the use of statistical methods to determine which components present in the complex mixtures are related to toxic effects. The work is based on da...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Alfaro-Moreno E,Ponce-de-León S,Osornio-Vargas AR,García-Cuellar C,Martínez L,Rosas I

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes available data on worker exposures to asphalt fume (soluble fraction), total particulate matter, and respirable crystalline silica (quartz) [hereinafter RCS] over a 30-year period in Owens Corning's asphalt production and roofing manufacturing plants. For the period 1977 through 2006, the air-mon...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Fayerweather WE,Trumbore DC,Johnson KA,Niebo RW,Maxim LD

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the effects of long-term inhalation of toner on the pathological changes and formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-Gua) in DNA in a rat model. Female Wistar rats (10 wk old) were divided evenly into a high concentration exposure group (H: 15.2 mg/m(3)), a low concentration exposure group (L: 5.5 mg/m(...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Morimoto Y,Kim H,Oyabu T,Hirohashi M,Nagatomo H,Ogami A,Yamato H,Obata Y,Kasai H,Higashi T,Tanaka I

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1997 The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified some exposures to crystalline silica as carcinogenic to humans. Such exposures were acknowledged to be very variable, and even in the same monograph it was admitted that coal dust, containing as much as 20% quartz, could not be classified. Clearly ther...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Attik G,Brown R,Jackson P,Creutzenberg O,Aboukhamis I,Rihn BH

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were exposed for a single 3 h period to air, ozone (O₃) or O₃) followed by tobacco smoke (O₃/TS). For pulmonary effects, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and fluid were analyzed. Data revealed a significant increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), total protein and albumin ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Bhoopalan V,Han SG,Shah MM,Thomas DM,Bhalla DK

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most current deterministic computer dosimetry models use idealized dichotomous symmetrical infant, child, and adolescent tracheobronchial geometries for dosimetry predictions. These tracheobronchial geometries were derived from either the morphometric measurements of J. D. Mortensen and colleagues or those of R. F. Ph...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Oldham MJ,Robinson RJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An original mathematical model describing particle diffusion in human nasal passages is presented. A unique feature of the model is that it combines effects of both turbulent and laminar flows. To account for turbulence, concentration equations written in cylindrical coordinates are first simplified by a scaling techn...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Martonen TB,Zhang Z,Yue G,Musante CJ

更新日期：2003-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Elastolysis, collagenolysis and gelatinolysis are essential in the pathogenesis of tobacco smoke-induced emphysema; however, these activities have been scantily studied in emphysema secondary to woodsmoke. The aim of this study was to analyze elastolysis, collagenolysis and gelatinolysis, MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expre...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Ramos C,Cisneros J,Gonzalez-Avila G,Becerril C,Ruiz V,Montaño M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Tobacco use is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis in particular. The use of waterpipe smoking (WPS) is increasing due to the misperception that it is less harmful than cigarette smoking due to its flavor and the use of water as a filter. Thus, research that investiga...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Rababa'h AM,Bsoul RW,Alkhatatbeh MJ,Alzoubi KH,Khabour OF

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objectives: To (1) design and build a low-cost exposure chamber system for whole-body exposure of rodents to electronic cigarette aerosol, (2) provide detailed instructions with particular focus on automated e-cigarette activation, and (3) develop a simple mathematical model for aerosol levels in the exposure chamber....

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Hilpert M,Ilievski V,Coady M,Andrade-Gutierrez M,Yan B,Chillrud SN,Navas-Acien A,Kleiman NJ

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the association between ambient air pollution and daily elementary school absenteeism in Washoe County, NV, between 1996 and 1998. All 57 elementary schools in Washoe County in northern Nevada were included in the data set. There was a total of 27,793 student enrollments during this study period. T...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Chen L,Jennison BL,Yang W,Omaye ST

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cross-sectional study on suberosis was conducted in the Champagne-Ardenne County, France, to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the level of pulmonary function, and the presence of precipitins against Penicillium frequentans. Thirteen of the 33 workers exposed to cork dust had respiratory symptoms exc...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Deschamps F,Foudrinier F,Dherbecourt V,Mas P,Prevost E,Legrele AM,Bellier S,Toubas D

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vanillin is a flavoring agent used in cigarettes. Previous toxicological examinations of the effects on the addition of vanillin to tobacco used mixtures with several other flavoring agents. In the present work, toxicological comparisons were made of experimental cigarettes containing no added vanillin against otherwi...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Lemus R,Carmines EL,Van Miert E,Coggins CR,Anskeit E,Gerstenberg B,Meisgen TJ,Schramke H,Stabbert R,Völkel H,Terpstra PM

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may cause cardiotoxicity. The natriuretic peptides, including atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-BNP, and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide), are endogenous cardiac hormones that may be secreted upon myocardial stress. The aim of this s...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Davutoglu V,Gunay N,Kocoglu H,Gunay NE,Yildirim C,Cavdar M,Tarakcioglu M

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this work is to define a sample preparation protocol that allows inorganic fibers and particulate matter extracted from different biological samples to be characterized morphologically, crystallographically and chemically by transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). The ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Vigliaturo R,Capella S,Rinaudo C,Belluso E

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellulose fibers, along with many other organic fibers, are durable. Therefore, if inhaled, they have the potential to persist within the lung, and may then cause disease. Here we report the effects of injecting high-purity cellulose fibers into the abdominal cavity of rats. A respirable fraction of cellulose fiber wa...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Cullen RT,Miller BG,Clark S,Davis JM

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concurrent exposure to SO(2) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) resulted in an increased incidence of lung tumors in rodents compared to exposure to B(a)P alone. A synergistic effect on the expression of c-fos and c-jun between SO(2) and B(a)P was observed in lungs after SO(2) and B(a)P exposure. However, tumorigenesis occurs...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Qin G,Meng Z

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory disturbances play a central role in chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) induced toxicity; they are the starting point of mass casualty and the major cause of death. We developed a microinstillation technique of inhalation exposure to nerve agent VX and assessed lung injury by biochemical analysis of the br...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Graham JR,Wright BS,Rezk PE,Gordon RK,Sciuto AM,Nambiar MP

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexually mature male and female Gottingen minipigs were exposed to various concentrations of GB and GF vapor via whole-body inhalation exposures or to liquid GB or GF via intravenous or subcutaneous injections. Vapor inhalation exposures were for 10, 60 or 180 min. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to calculate t...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Hulet SW,Sommerville DR,Miller DB,Scotto JA,Muse WT,Burnett DC

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is important to conduct a risk assessment that includes hazard assessment and exposure assessment for the safe production and handling of newly developed nanomaterials. We conducted an inhalation study of a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as a hazard assessment. Male Wistar rats were exposed to well-dispersed MW...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Oyabu T,Myojo T,Morimoto Y,Ogami A,Hirohashi M,Yamamoto M,Todoroki M,Mizuguchi Y,Hashiba M,Lee BW,Shimada M,Wang WN,Uchida K,Endoh S,Kobayashi N,Yamamoto K,Fujita K,Mizuno K,Inada M,Nakazato T,Nakanishi J,Tanaka

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for inhalative exposure of minipigs to aerosols and gases has been developed. Minipigs are exposed via mask inhalation to the test substance using a computer-controlled exposure system that permits simultaneous exposure of groups of four animals in parallel to different controlled dose levels. We studied inha...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Koch W,Windt H,Walles M,Borlak J,Clausing P

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Previous studies have shown that air pollution exposure primes the body to heightened responses to everyday stressors of the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of postprandial responses to a high carbohydrate oral load, a cardiometabolic stressor long used to predict c...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Martin BL,Thompson LC,Kim YH,Snow SJ,Schladweiler MC,Phillips P,Harmon M,King C,Richards J,George I,W Kyle Martin,Haykal-Coates N,Gilmour MI,Kodavanti UP,Hazari MS,Farraj AK

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies of air pollution require accurate exposure assessments at unmonitored locations in order to minimize exposure misclassification. One approach gaining considerable interest is the land-use regression (LUR) model. Generally, the LUR model has been utilized to characterize air pollution exposure and...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Ryan PH,LeMasters GK

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased lung cancer incidence with workers at the production site of crude silicon carbide (SiC) using the Acheson process has been reported. Several agents derived from the process were discussed as causative factors. Recently concern had been expressed about the presence of cleavage fragments (CFs) in commercial p...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Bruch J,Rehn B,Duval-Arnould G,Efskind J,Röderer G,Sébastian P

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence suggests a role for a systemic pro-coagulant state in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction subsequent to inhalation of airborne particulate matter (PM). We evaluated platelet activation, systemic cytokines and pulmonary gene expression in mice exposed to concentrated ambient particulate matter (...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Tablin F,den Hartigh LJ,Aung HH,Lame MW,Kleeman MJ,Ham W,Norris JW,Pombo M,Wilson DW

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoke exposures in mice have been conducted under various exposure conditions using different strains as animal models of smoke-related diseases. We exposed cigarette smoke to two strains of mice [C57BL/6J (C57) and AKR/J (AKR)] under two different exposure regimens (1 h or 4 h/day) at equivalent daily expos...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Tsuji H,Fujimoto H,Matsuura D,Nishino T,Lee KM,Renne R,Yoshimura H

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk assessment of occupational exposure to nanomaterials is needed. Human data are limited, but quantitative data are available from rodent studies. To use these data in risk assessment, a scientifically reasonable approach for extrapolating the rodent data to humans is required. One approach is allometric adjustment...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Kuempel ED,Tran CL,Castranova V,Bailer AJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, a physiology-oriented multicompartmental kinetics (POCK) model was developed to simulate pulmonary retention data of biopersistent, noncytotoxic aerosols in long-term inhalation exposures of rats. Experimental data were successfully simulated for submicrometer-sized aerosols like carbon black, diesel ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Stöber W

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen radical generation due to surface radicals, inflammation, and iron release has been suggested as the mechanism of adverse effects of quartz, such as emphysema, fibrosis, and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, we measured iron release, acellular generation of hydroxyl radicals, and oxidative DNA damage and cytotox...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： van Maanen JM,Borm PJ,Knaapen A,van Herwijnen M,Schilderman PA,Smith KR,Aust AE,Tomatis M,Fubini B

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information on nasal particle deposition is used in risk assessments for exposure to airborne particulate pollutants and for optimizing the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Monkeys are commonly used to assess the therapeutic potential of inhaled substances and to a lesser extent the toxicity of inhaled xenobiotics. Y...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Kelly JT,Asgharian B,Wong BA

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00