Abstract：
:Cigarette smoke exposures in mice have been conducted under various exposure conditions using different strains as animal models of smoke-related diseases. We exposed cigarette smoke to two strains of mice [C57BL/6J (C57) and AKR/J (AKR)] under two different exposure regimens (1 h or 4 h/day) at equivalent daily exposure amount (concentration × time). After 2 weeks exposure, mice were evaluated using exposure markers and biological responses. Smoke exposure suppressed respiratory parameters dependent on exposure concentration. The 1-h regimen groups generally showed a greater degree of respiratory suppression and relatively lower exposure markers of urinary nicotine metabolites than the corresponding 4-h regimen groups. Tidal volume was more suppressed in AKR compared to C57, while respiratory rate was more suppressed in C57. Plasma exposure markers and respiratory parameters suggested that C57 inhaled more volume of smoke than AKR. Changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology and enzyme parameters were most noticeable in the 1 h AKR groups. In BALF cytokine concentration, TARC concentration in C57 was higher than AKR, while KC and MCP-1 in AKR were higher than C57. Relative lung/body weight ratio in smoke-exposed C57 was generally higher, as well as the incidence and severity of lesions in respiratory organs compared to AKR. In summary, C57 appeared to inhale relatively more smoke and displayed greater inflammatory changes in respiratory tract than AKR. Comparison of exposure regimens suggests that a longer exposure duration at lower WTPM concentration might deliver a larger dose of smoke than a shorter exposure duration at higher WTPM concentration.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Tsuji H,Fujimoto H,Matsuura D,Nishino T,Lee KM,Renne R,Yoshimura Hdoi
10.3109/08958378.2011.596851subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
602-15issue
10eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Naphthalene (NA) was shown to be carcinogenic, causing respiratory epithelial adenoma in the nasal cavity of male F344 rats and olfactory epithelial neuroblastoma in female F344 rats at exposure concentrations of 10-60 ppm in a 2-year inhalation study conducted by the National Toxicology Program. To explore the exposu...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2011.636086
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Numerous studies have found an association between transiently increased particulate matter air pollution and acute adverse cardiovascular health effects; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not clear. Translocation of ultra-fine ambient particulate matter has been proposed to play a key role...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2013.844749
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate whether increased carboxyhemoglobin (COHB) levels and ECG changes, which associated with fatal ventricular dysrhythmias, including increased QT, P-wave and T peak (Tp)-Tend (Te) dispersion, can be detected after smoking narghile, which is a traditional method of smoking tobacco t...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2016.1224957
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Minimally invasive approaches to detect/predict target organ toxicity have significant practical applications in occupational toxicology. The potential application of peripheral blood transcriptomics as a practical approach to study the mechanisms of silica-induced pulmonary toxicity was investigated. Rats were expose...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.697926
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With growing evidence of the association between daily mortality and air pollution in adults, it is important to investigate whether infants are also susceptible to the adverse health effects of ambient air pollutants. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between air pollution and postneonatal mort...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370500434214
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A subchronic, nose-only inhalation study compared the effects of mainstream smoke from a 1R4F research cigarette to that of a 2R4F research cigarette. Male and female rats were exposed for 1 h/day, 5 days/wk, for 13 wk to mainstream smoke at 0, 0.06, 0.20, or 0.80 mg wet total particulate matter per liter of air. Clin...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370490271340
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate dose-response and other effects of diesel particles in guinea pigs chronically exposed to diesel exhaust, various biomarkers for chronic obstructive lung diseases were studied using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood specimens. Guinea pigs were exposed 16 h/day, 6 days/wk, for 6, 12, 18, or 24 m...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370290084773
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, present in low concentrations in the urban air and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled SO2 on the O-dealkylase of pentoxyresorufin (PROD) and p-nitrophenol hydroxylases (p-NP) activities and mRNA ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370600686341
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma rates have been increasing worldwide, and exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) may be implicated in this increase. DEP may also play a role in the increased morbidity and mortality associated with ambient airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure. Two types of nasal responses have been reported for human ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370600743027
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of low-level ozone exposure (0.08 ppm) on pulmonary function in healthy young adults are well known; however, much less is known about the inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of low-level ozone in the airways. Techniques such as induced sputum and flow cytometry make it possible to examine airways in...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958371003596587
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nanoparticles are being rapidly assimilated into numerous research fields and consumer products. A concurrent increase in human exposure to such materials is expected. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique and beneficial features, increasing their functionality and integrative potential. However, MNP ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2011.592869
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) was investigated. Twenty pregnant ICR mice were exposed to DE at the particle concentration of 1.0 mg/m3, from d 2 until d 16 postcoitum. Male offspring were kept alive until 12 wk of age, and then male reproductive organ weight, daily sperm production (DSP), seru...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370601069257
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effects of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter 0.02-1 microm (noted as PM1) inhalation during exercise on conduit artery and microvascular function. Inhalation of internal combustion-derived PM is associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Direct action of PM on t...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370601051727
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have been reported to cause lung pathologies in multiple studies. However, the mechanism responsible for the bioactivity has not been determined. This study used nine different well-characterized MWCNT and examined the outcomes in vitro and in vivo. MWCNT, from a variety of source...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.745633
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with acute exacerbations of airflow obstruction. Additionally, elderly individuals are more susceptible to increased functional morbidity following acute PM exposure. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to determine the aging effects of PM exposure on the respon...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.731436
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have shown that air pollution is a risk factor for hospitalization for pneumonia. However, there is limited evidence to suggest what subpopulations are at greater risk from air pollution. This study was undertaken to examine the modifying effect of specific secondary diagnosis (including hypertension, d...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958370902744855
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AKR/J mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via inhalation for 3 wk and pulmonary responses were evaluated. The objective was to explore the feasibility of coexposing LPS with cigarette smoke under a subacute exposure, as a surrogate for viral or bacterial insults, that would mimic ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370600985784
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nano-sized particles (NSPs) have a diameter of less than 100 nm. When inhaled, they preferentially deposit in the deeper lung, where pulmonary surfactant covers the thin aqueous lining layer. Thus, pulmonary surfactant is the initial contact where NSPs impinge. This can lead to various consequences. For example, bindi...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/08958370903005744
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Dimethyl sulfide (DMS, CAS 75-18-3) is an industrial chemical. It is both an irritant and neurotoxicant that may be life-threatening because of accidental release. The effects of DMS on public health and associated public health response depend on the exposure concentration and duration. However, currently, p...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2018.1551444
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to conserve material that is available in limited quantities, "directed-flow" nose-only exposure systems have at times been run at flow rates close to the minute ventilation of the animal. Such low-flow-rate conditions can contribute to a decrease of test substance concentration in inhaled air; near the anima...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370500282555
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the association between exposure to asbestos fibers and the development of lung cancer and mesothelioma has been well established in humans, the carcinogenic potential of other natural and man-made fibers/particles is not clear. Various in vitro genotoxicity studies have been employed to assess their in vivo ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2000.11463207
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to investigate the negative effects of chronic exposure to isoflurane on spermatogenesis and explore the underlying mechanisms. Sixty male rats were randomly allocated to two groups: control group, receiving no treatment, and anesthesia group, administrated exposure to isoflurane (2 ppm) for 25 consecu...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2015.1080772
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies have reported increased morbidity in human populations following inhalation of elevated levels of urban particulate matter. These responses are especially prevalent in populations with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, including chronic bronchitis. Toxicological studies have reported alte...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/089583799196781
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Species differences in the handling of particles are topics of interest for setting ambient particulate matter standards as well as for studies involving the phenomenon of lung overload and the implications, if any, of such studies for workplace dust exposure standards. The dosimetry of inhaled particles differs among...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2000.11463250
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies have shown an association between microbial growth in buildings and increased risk of respiratory symptoms and disease related to inflammatory reactions in the inhabitants96. The current study examined the affects of growth conditions of Streptomyces anulatus, isolated from indoor air of a mold...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/089583701459065
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese (Mn) is ubiquitous in ambient air due to both industrial and crustal sources. It is also a component of the octane-enhancing fuel additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). The combustion of MMT by the automobile engine results in the formation of Mn particulates including phosphate, sulfat...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370050138003
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endotoxin causes an inflammation at the bronchial and alveolar level. The inflammation-induced increase in permeability of the bronchoalveolar epithelial barrier is supposed to cause a leakage of pneumoproteins. Therefore, their concentrations are expected to increase in the bloodstream. This study aimed at examining ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370601144456
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of dichlorvos inhalation on electrophysiological alterations of diaphragm and phrenic nerve and the changes in the histologic structure of respiratory system. This study was performed on 33 rats divided into 5 groups, inhaling 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 microg...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were exposed for a single 3 h period to air, ozone (O₃) or O₃) followed by tobacco smoke (O₃/TS). For pulmonary effects, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and fluid were analyzed. Data revealed a significant increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), total protein and albumin ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2012.751143
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Toxicological Evaluation of Realistic Emissions Source Aerosols (TERESA) study was carried out at three US coal-fired power plants to investigate the potential toxicological effects of primary and photochemically aged (secondary) particles using in situ stack emissions. The exposure system designed successfully si...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958371003728040
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
