Influence of exhaled air on inhalation exposure delivered through a directed-flow nose-only exposure system.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nanoparticles are being rapidly assimilated into numerous research fields and consumer products. A concurrent increase in human exposure to such materials is expected. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique and beneficial features, increasing their functionality and integrative potential. However, MNP ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Baber O,Jang M,Barber D,Powers K

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Numerous studies have found an association between transiently increased particulate matter air pollution and acute adverse cardiovascular health effects; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not clear. Translocation of ultra-fine ambient particulate matter has been proposed to play a key role...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Bai N,van Eeden SF

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Provisional Advisory Level (PAL) protocol was applied to estimate inhalation exposure limits for phosgene (CG). Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures fo...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Glass D,McClanahan M,Koller L,Adeshina F

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown associations between acute ambient particulate matter (PM) levels and increases in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. We have previously reported in 24 healthy adults that exposure to concentrated ambient particles plus ozone (CAP + O(3)) caused a mean decrease of 0.09 mm in brach...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Urch B,Brook JR,Wasserstein D,Brook RD,Rajagopalan S,Corey P,Silverman F

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiology studies of populations living in areas with good air quality report correlations between levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) and mortality rates. These associations occur at low PM concentrations that are below current air quality standards. Can such concentrations cause mortality, given the toxicit...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Valberg PA

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Several experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the neurological adverse effects caused by exposure to air pollution, specifically in relation to pollutant particulate matter (PM). The objective of this study was to investigate the direct effect of PM in increased concentrations in diffe...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Fagundes LS,Fleck Ada S,Zanchi AC,Saldiva PH,Rhoden CR

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Particle research has been historically closely connected to industrial activities or materials, such as coal, asbestos, man-made mineral fibers, and more recently ambient particulate matter (PM). It is the purpose of this review to combine insights and developments in particle toxicology with the historical context o...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Borm PJ

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal studies on refractory ceramic fiber (RCF) have led to the suggestion that RCF might resemble asbestos in carcinogenicity. Human data are available to test this hypothesis. METHODS:We compared the occurrence of lung cancer and mesothelioma in 605 men engaged in the manufacture of RCF and followed sinc...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Walker AM,Maxim LD,Utell MJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent events, such as repeated hospital admissions for the same health outcome, occur frequently in environmental health studies. In this study, we conducted an analysis of data on repeated respiratory hospitalizations among the elderly in Vancouver, Canada, for the period of June 1, 1995, to March 31, 1999, using...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Fung KY,Khan S,Krewski D,Chen Y

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objectives: This follow-up study set out to evaluate the natural course and radiographic progression of silicosis among ceramic workers and describe the risk factors related with disease progression. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of ceramic workers with silicosis who were referred to our ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Karataş M,Gündüzöz M,Büyükşekerci M,Özakıncı OG,Nadir Öziş T

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate whether increased carboxyhemoglobin (COHB) levels and ECG changes, which associated with fatal ventricular dysrhythmias, including increased QT, P-wave and T peak (Tp)-Tend (Te) dispersion, can be detected after smoking narghile, which is a traditional method of smoking tobacco t...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Yıldırım F,Çevik Y,Emektar E,Çorbacıoğlu ŞK,Katırcı Y

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endotoxin causes an inflammation at the bronchial and alveolar level. The inflammation-induced increase in permeability of the bronchoalveolar epithelial barrier is supposed to cause a leakage of pneumoproteins. Therefore, their concentrations are expected to increase in the bloodstream. This study aimed at examining ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Widmeier S,Bernard A,Tschopp A,Jeggli S,Dumont X,Hilfiker S,Oppliger A,Hotz P

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate dose-response and other effects of diesel particles in guinea pigs chronically exposed to diesel exhaust, various biomarkers for chronic obstructive lung diseases were studied using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood specimens. Guinea pigs were exposed 16 h/day, 6 days/wk, for 6, 12, 18, or 24 m...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Ishihara Y,Kagawa J

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchial epithelial cells exposed to allergens typically secrete chemokines to recruit eosinophils. Persistent inflammation and repair responses result in airway remodeling and irreversible airflow limitation. House dust mite (HDM) is a common allergen causing allergic disorders. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a redox protein ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Chuang CY,Chang CH,Huang YL

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to evaluate the chronic effect of polymerized toner particles on the lung, inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes were analyzed and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was examined by using the lung tissue of rats subjected to 24 months of toner inhalation exposure. Wistar female rats were divided into four gr...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Morimoto Y,Hirohashi M,Kasai T,Oyabu T,Ogami A,Myojo T,Murakami M,Nishi K,Kadoya C,Todoroki M,Yamamoto M,Kawai K,Kasai H,Tanaka I

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Background: Allergies and smoking are common reasons for nasal mucosa inflammations, which in turn, cause nasal obstructions. Nevertheless, the impact of coexisting allergies and smoking on nasal mucosa inflammation has not been studied.Objectives: To study the impact of smoking with relation to allergies on nasal muc...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Warman M,Tiomkin E,Huszar M,Halperin D,Asher I,Cohen O

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory studies involving intentional and highly controlled exposures to air pollutants among groups of human volunteers provide valuable information related to the potential health effects of pollutants regulated under the US Clean Air Act. These controlled human exposure studies often provide biological plausibil...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Johns DO,Linn WS

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Halomethanes (HMs) can be formed during the chlorination process to obtain drinking water. In liver cells, HMs had been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic; however, their bioactivation by CYP 2E1 and GSTT1 is required. Although inhalation is the most common pathway of exposure, reports on the toxic effects induced...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Nájera-Martínez M,García-Latorre EA,Reyes-Maldonado E,Domínguez-López ML,Vega-López A

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors have previously demonstrated that wildfire-derived coarse or fine particulate matter (PM) intratracheally instilled into lungs of mice induce a strong inflammatory response. In the current study, the authors demonstrate that wildfire PM simultaneously cause major increases in oxidative stress in the mouse ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Wegesser TC,Franzi LM,Mitloehner FM,Eiguren-Fernandez A,Last JA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellulose fibers, along with many other organic fibers, are durable. Therefore, if inhaled, they have the potential to persist within the lung, and may then cause disease. Here we report the effects of injecting high-purity cellulose fibers into the abdominal cavity of rats. A respirable fraction of cellulose fiber wa...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Cullen RT,Miller BG,Clark S,Davis JM

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cross-sectional study on suberosis was conducted in the Champagne-Ardenne County, France, to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the level of pulmonary function, and the presence of precipitins against Penicillium frequentans. Thirteen of the 33 workers exposed to cork dust had respiratory symptoms exc...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Deschamps F,Foudrinier F,Dherbecourt V,Mas P,Prevost E,Legrele AM,Bellier S,Toubas D

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An original mathematical model describing particle diffusion in human nasal passages is presented. A unique feature of the model is that it combines effects of both turbulent and laminar flows. To account for turbulence, concentration equations written in cylindrical coordinates are first simplified by a scaling techn...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Martonen TB,Zhang Z,Yue G,Musante CJ

更新日期：2003-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell signaling by pathogenic minerals may initiate the transactivation of genes that are critical to carcinogenesis and fibroproliferative diseases of the lung and pleura. We have shown previously that stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade by asbestos fibers leads to phosphorylation events...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Mossman B,Hubbard A,Shukla A,Timblin CR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Toxicological Evaluation of Realistic Emissions Source Aerosols (TERESA) study was carried out at three US coal-fired power plants to investigate the potential toxicological effects of primary and photochemically aged (secondary) particles using in situ stack emissions. The exposure system designed successfully si...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Kang CM,Gupta T,Ruiz PA,Wolfson JM,Ferguson ST,Lawrence JE,Rohr AC,Godleski J,Koutrakis P

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coal mine dust's possible carcinogenicity has recently drawn attention because of the IARC review of quartz, some new epidemiological data in German coal miners, and findings on other poorly soluble, nontoxic dusts in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate persistent inflammation and tumor response in the r...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Borm PJ,Höhr D,Steinfartz Y,Zeitträger I,Albrecht C

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to chlorine gas has been shown to cause occupational asthma. Acute inhalation of chlorine is known to cause airway inflammation and induce airway nitric oxide formation. Exhaled nitric oxide may therefore be a marker of airway damage after chlorine gas exposure. After accidental chlorine gas exposure ...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Grasemann H,Tschiedel E,Groch M,Klepper J,Ratjen F

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) was investigated. Twenty pregnant ICR mice were exposed to DE at the particle concentration of 1.0 mg/m3, from d 2 until d 16 postcoitum. Male offspring were kept alive until 12 wk of age, and then male reproductive organ weight, daily sperm production (DSP), seru...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Ono N,Oshio S,Niwata Y,Yoshida S,Tsukue N,Sugawara I,Takano H,Takeda K

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of low-level ozone exposure (0.08 ppm) on pulmonary function in healthy young adults are well known; however, much less is known about the inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of low-level ozone in the airways. Techniques such as induced sputum and flow cytometry make it possible to examine airways in...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Alexis NE,Lay JC,Hazucha M,Harris B,Hernandez ML,Bromberg PA,Kehrl H,Diaz-Sanchez D,Kim C,Devlin RB,Peden DB

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurement strategies as well as results from measurements at workplaces are presented. Measurements were performed in research laboratories as well as by companies producing small amounts of nanostructured materials. The work was done in the frame of a BAuA (Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin) resear...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Plitzko S

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexually mature male and female Gottingen minipigs were exposed to various concentrations of GB and GF vapor via whole-body inhalation exposures or to liquid GB or GF via intravenous or subcutaneous injections. Vapor inhalation exposures were for 10, 60 or 180 min. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to calculate t...

journal_title：Inhalation toxicology

authors： Hulet SW,Sommerville DR,Miller DB,Scotto JA,Muse WT,Burnett DC

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00