Abstract：
:Risk assessment of occupational exposure to nanomaterials is needed. Human data are limited, but quantitative data are available from rodent studies. To use these data in risk assessment, a scientifically reasonable approach for extrapolating the rodent data to humans is required. One approach is allometric adjustment for species differences in the relationship between airborne exposure and internal dose. Another approach is lung dosimetry modeling, which provides a biologically-based, mechanistic method to extrapolate doses from animals to humans. However, current mass-based lung dosimetry models may not fully account for differences in the clearance and translocation of nanoparticles. In this article, key steps in quantitative risk assessment are illustrated, using dose-response data in rats chronically exposed to either fine or ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon black (CB), or diesel exhaust particulate (DEP). The rat-based estimates of the working lifetime airborne concentrations associated with 0.1% excess risk of lung cancer are approximately 0.07 to 0.3 mg/m3 for ultrafine TiO2, CB, or DEP, and 0.7 to 1.3 mg/m3 for fine TiO2. Comparison of observed versus model-predicted lung burdens in rats shows that the dosimetry models predict reasonably well the retained mass lung burdens of fine or ultrafine poorly soluble particles in rats exposed by chronic inhalation. Additional model validation is needed for nanoparticles of varying characteristics, as well as extension of these models to include particle translocation to organs beyond the lungs. Such analyses would provide improved prediction of nanoparticle dose for risk assessment.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Kuempel ED,Tran CL,Castranova V,Bailer AJdoi
10.1080/08958370600747887subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
717-24issue
10eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691pii
P0H7JM36186M0G60journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Epidemiological studies suggest that diabetics may be more susceptible to the adverse health effects from exposure to high ambient concentrations of ozone, the primary oxidant gas in photochemical smog. While increased morbidity and mortality from ozone inhalation has been linked to disruption of normal cardiovascular...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2016.1146808
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endotoxin causes an inflammation at the bronchial and alveolar level. The inflammation-induced increase in permeability of the bronchoalveolar epithelial barrier is supposed to cause a leakage of pneumoproteins. Therefore, their concentrations are expected to increase in the bloodstream. This study aimed at examining ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370601144456
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulose fibers, along with many other organic fibers, are durable. Therefore, if inhaled, they have the potential to persist within the lung, and may then cause disease. Here we report the effects of injecting high-purity cellulose fibers into the abdominal cavity of rats. A respirable fraction of cellulose fiber wa...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370290084584
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have provided strong evidence that episodic exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with increases in morbidity and mortality. These adverse effects have been demonstrated at concentrations far below the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), and thus, the biological plausibi...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/089583799197276
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The C9 alkylbenzenes, composed mostly of ethyltoluenes and trimethylbenzenes, comprise 75-90% of the naphtha fraction of crude oil. Occupational and environmental exposure to C9 alkylbenzenes occur via inhalation. We conducted short-term inhalation studies on the ethyltoluene isomers (2-, 3- or 4-) to select one isome...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2018.1430190
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: To develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for chloroprene in the mouse, rat and human, relying only on in vitro data to estimate tissue metabolism rates and partitioning, and to apply the model to calculate an inhalation unit risk (IUR) for chloroprene.Materials and methods: Female B6C...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2020.1715513
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary objective of this study was to correlate the emission of macro and nanoparticles released during the process of metal inert gas/metal active gas (MIG/MAG) of stainless steel with different gas mixtures. Using different gas mixtures with different heat inputs, it was possible to determine fume formation rat...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2017.1358778
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbial growth in moisture-damaged buildings has been associated with respiratory health effects, and the spores of the mycotoxin producing fungus Aspergillus versicolor are frequently present in the indoor air. To characterize the potential of these spores to cause harmful respiratory effects, mice were exposed via...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370290084908
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have shown that air pollution is a risk factor for hospitalization for pneumonia. However, there is limited evidence to suggest what subpopulations are at greater risk from air pollution. This study was undertaken to examine the modifying effect of specific secondary diagnosis (including hypertension, d...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958370902744855
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate dose-response and other effects of diesel particles in guinea pigs chronically exposed to diesel exhaust, various biomarkers for chronic obstructive lung diseases were studied using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood specimens. Guinea pigs were exposed 16 h/day, 6 days/wk, for 6, 12, 18, or 24 m...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370290084773
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiologic studies of air pollution require accurate exposure assessments at unmonitored locations in order to minimize exposure misclassification. One approach gaining considerable interest is the land-use regression (LUR) model. Generally, the LUR model has been utilized to characterize air pollution exposure and...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/08958370701495998
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increases in particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM(2.5)) in ambient air is linked to acute cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific components and potential emission sources of PM(2.5) responsible for adverse health effects of cardiovascular function are unclear. METHODS:Spontaneously hypertensive...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2011.580387
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article addresses results from a single 4-h and repeated 1- and 4-wk inhalation exposure studies in Wistar rats with vapor and/or aerosol atmospheres of 4-ethoxyaniline (p-phenetidine). Groups of 10 rats/sex were exposed nose-only to mean analytical concentrations of 11.1, 86.2, and 882.6 mg p-phenetidine/m(3) us...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/089583701753210371
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of Norwegian soldiers have reported health problems after live-fire training using the HK416 rifle. The objective of this study was to characterize gaseous and particulate emissions from three different types of ammunition, and record the health effects after exposure to emissions from live-firing. Fifty-five...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2014.970783
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the "Commonwealth Games" 2010 (CWG-2010) in Delhi, the Indian government has implemented an ambitious project "System of Air quality Forecasting And Research (SAFAR)" for monitoring and forecasting air-quality scenario. Using high-precision spatio-temporal measurements of criteria pollutants from the SAFAR netw...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2013.788103
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Germany in 2006 a series of rapidly developing and sometimes severe cases of pulmonary health impairment were observed after normal use of the "Magic Nano Glass & Ceramic" spray and "Magic Nano Bath" spray. In contrast, the previously marketed "Magic Nano" pump spray product (handheld trigger device without propell...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370802220634
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary tissue injury and repair processes involve complex and coordinated cellular events such as necrosis, inflammation, cell growth/differentiation, apoptosis, and remodeling of extracellular matrix. These processes are regulated by expression of multiple mediator genes. Commercially available microarray blots an...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370050198566
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular bases for variability in air pollutant-induced pulmonary injury due to underlying cardiovascular (CVD) and/or metabolic diseases are unknown. We hypothesized that healthy and genetic CVD-prone rat models will exhibit exacerbated response to acute ozone exposure dependent on the type and severity of disea...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958378.2014.954169
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common but important air pollutant. Micronuclei (MN) in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) of mouse bone marrow and the ratio between organ and body weight of treatment mouse were determined and analyzed in vivo in order to study injury of sulfur dioxide inhalation on organs and germ plasm ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370390226558
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The understanding of historical ambient asbestos concentrations is critical to exposure mapping and retrospective health impact studies involving asbestos related diseases. Two presentations at the University of Montana Center for Environmental Health Sciences Asbestos Conference (July 28, 2005) introduced novel metho...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370600835138
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Heart rate alterations associated with exposure to particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants have been observed in epidemiological studies and animal experiments. Nevertheless, the time-lag of these associations is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:Determine the association at different time-lags between the compl...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08958370903349365
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coal mine dust's possible carcinogenicity has recently drawn attention because of the IARC review of quartz, some new epidemiological data in German coal miners, and findings on other poorly soluble, nontoxic dusts in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate persistent inflammation and tumor response in the r...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2000.11463217
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computational fluid dynamic modeling software has enabled microdosimetry patterns of inhaled toxins and toxicants to be predicted and visualized, and is being used in inhalation toxicology and risk assessment. These predicted microdosimetry patterns in airway structures are derived from predicted airflow patterns with...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370701260889
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Sulfur mustard exposure, as the most widely used chemical weapon, can lead to acute and long-term pulmonary complications via various pathways, such as triggering an imbalance between the oxidant and antioxidant system. Currently, there is no validated antidote, chemoprophylaxis and curative modality for pulmon...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/08958378.2014.920439
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In February 2006, an IARC Monographs Working Group reevaluated the carcinogenic hazards to humans of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc, which belong to the group of poorly soluble, low-toxicity particles. The review of the relevant literature and the evaluations by the Working Group will be published in Volume ...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/08958370701497903
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this exploratory study within the integrated subchronic inhalation exposure study (Lippmann et al., 2005) was to identify genes in heart and lung tissue that changed in expression level as a result of subchronic exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Identification of CAPs exposure-related c...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370590912851
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The irritants acrolein, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid induce a rapid sensory nerve-mediated nasal vasodilatory response in the rat. The aim of the current study was to examine acute nasal sensory nerve-mediated acute responses to an irritant ester vapor, ethyl acrylate. For this purpose, the upper respiratory tract of...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370290084511
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to characterize the respiratory effects of single and repeated controlled exposures to clean warm humid and cold dry air in a new model of anesthetized, mechanically ventilated guinea pigs, and to compare findings with known effects in humans. Intratracheal air (T(tr)) and retrotracheal t...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370050085129
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Rodents used in scientific research are typically housed in cages containing natural bedding materials. Despite extensive evidence of biological harm from inhaled particulate matter (PM), relatively little work has been performed to measure bedding-generated PM exposure in caged animals used in basic science...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958378.2019.1694109
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elastolysis, collagenolysis and gelatinolysis are essential in the pathogenesis of tobacco smoke-induced emphysema; however, these activities have been scantily studied in emphysema secondary to woodsmoke. The aim of this study was to analyze elastolysis, collagenolysis and gelatinolysis, MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expre...
journal_title：Inhalation toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08958370802419145
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
