Abstract:
:Microbial growth in moisture-damaged buildings has been associated with respiratory health effects, and the spores of the mycotoxin producing fungus Aspergillus versicolor are frequently present in the indoor air. To characterize the potential of these spores to cause harmful respiratory effects, mice were exposed via intratracheal instillation to a single dose of the spores of A. versicolor (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6), 5 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), or 1 x 10(8) spores), isolated from the indoor air of a moisture-damaged building. Inflammation and toxicity in lungs were evaluated 24 h later by assessment of biochemical markers and histopathology. The time course of the effects was investigated with the dose of 5 x 10(6) spores for up to 28 days. The exposure to the spores increased transiently proinflammatory cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] alpha and interleukin [IL]-6) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The cytokine responses were dose and time dependent. The highest cytokine concentrations were measured at 6 h after the dose, and they returned to the control level by 3 days. Moreover, the spores of A. versicolor recruited inflammatory cells into airways: Neutrophils peaked transiently at 24 h, macrophages at 3 days, and lymphocytes at 7 days after the dosing. The inflammatory cell response did not completely disappear during the subsequent 28 days, though no histopathological changes were seen at that time point. The spores did not induce expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in lavaged cells. Only the highest spore dose (1 x 10(8)) markedly increased serum IL-6, increased vascular leakage, and caused cytotoxicity (i.e., increased levels of albumin, total protein, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], and hemoglobin in BALF) in the airways. In summary, the spores of A. versicolor caused acute inflammation in mouse lungs. This indicates that they have potential to provoke adverse health effects in the occupants of moisture-damaged buildings.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Jussila J,Komulainen H,Kosma VM,Nevalainen A,Pelkonen J,Hirvonen MRdoi
10.1080/08958370290084908subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
1261-77issue
12eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) may be related to the immune system. The objective of this study was to obtain information for immunotoxic mechanisms of MWCNT in situ. METHODS:Using whole-body inhalation, male and female rats were exposed to 0, 0.2, 1 or 5 mg MWCNT/m³ for 13 weeks. The...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.953275
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.920439
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abstract::Chronic exposure to chlorine gas has been shown to cause occupational asthma. Acute inhalation of chlorine is known to cause airway inflammation and induce airway nitric oxide formation. Exhaled nitric oxide may therefore be a marker of airway damage after chlorine gas exposure. After accidental chlorine gas exposure ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.1080/08958370701432157
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abstract::With regard to genotoxicity testing and cancer risk assessment, particles and fibers form a rather specific group among all toxicants. First, the physicochemical behavior of fibrous and nonfibrous particles is usually very different from that of nonparticulate, chemical carcinogens. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are b...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/089583701753338631
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abstract::Increasing evidence suggests a role for a systemic pro-coagulant state in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction subsequent to inhalation of airborne particulate matter (PM). We evaluated platelet activation, systemic cytokines and pulmonary gene expression in mice exposed to concentrated ambient particulate matter (...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.695815
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, present in low concentrations in the urban air and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled SO2 on the O-dealkylase of pentoxyresorufin (PROD) and p-nitrophenol hydroxylases (p-NP) activities and mRNA ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.1080/08958370600686341
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:Due to some historical (and inaccurate) reports that asbestos might be present in some cosmetic talc products, questions are occasionally raised regarding the potential pleural mesothelioma risks associated with cosmetic talc products. Our objective was to determine the incidence of pleural mesothelioma of in...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Several pharmacokinetic studies on inhalation exposure to manganese (Mn) have already demonstrated that Mn readily accumulates in the olfactory and brain regions. However, a shortening of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 relaxation time or high T1 signal intensity in specific sites of the brain, including the g...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.1080/08958370701516108
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abstract::Regulatory guidelines are intended to provide recommendations on ways to achieve greater harmonization in the interpretation and application of technical procedures and requirements for product registration in order to reduce or obviate replication of the testing carried out during the research and development of new ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.757400
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonhuman primates are often the animal models of choice to study the infectivity and therapy of inhaled infectious agents. Most animal models for inhaled infectious diseases use aerosol/droplets generated by an atomization technique such as a Collison nebulizer that produces particles in the size range of 1 to 3 micro...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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abstract::Oxidative stress is thought to be the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis induced by asbestos, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects lung tissue against oxidative stress. We hypothesized that HO-1 is associated with oxidative lung injury caused by exposure to asbestos. This study was conducted to investigate the time co...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.1080/08958370590922580
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the potential cytotoxicity of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with sildenafil. The SLNs were tested as a new drug delivery system (DDS) for the inhalable treatment of pulmonary hypertension in human lungs. Solubility of sildenafil in SLN lipid matrix (30:70 phospholipid:...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.810315
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nano-sized particles (NSPs) have a diameter of less than 100 nm. When inhaled, they preferentially deposit in the deeper lung, where pulmonary surfactant covers the thin aqueous lining layer. Thus, pulmonary surfactant is the initial contact where NSPs impinge. This can lead to various consequences. For example, bindi...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370903005744
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for chloroprene in the mouse, rat and human, relying only on in vitro data to estimate tissue metabolism rates and partitioning, and to apply the model to calculate an inhalation unit risk (IUR) for chloroprene.Materials and methods: Female B6C...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.984881
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: Ethanol is used as a solvent for flavoring chemicals in some electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) liquids (e-liquids). However, there are limited data available regarding the effects of inhalation of ethanol on blood alcohol concentration (BAC) during e-cigarette use. In this study, a modified physiologically...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have shown an association between microbial growth in buildings and increased risk of respiratory symptoms and disease related to inflammatory reactions in the inhabitants96. The current study examined the affects of growth conditions of Streptomyces anulatus, isolated from indoor air of a mold...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
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