How did the neurotransmitter cross the bilayer? A closer view.

abstract：:Optical imaging methods are powerful tools in neuroscience as they can systematically monitor the activity of neuronal populations with high spatiotemporal resolution using calcium or voltage indicators. Moreover, caged compounds and optogenetic actuators enable to optically manipulate neural activity. Among optical m...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Yang W,Yuste R

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent series of exciting observations, using novel high-resolution time-lapse imaging of living cells, has provoked a major shift in our understanding of the dendritic spine, from a stable storage site of long-term memory to a dynamic structure that undergoes rapid morphological variations. Through these recent obs...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Segal M,Andersen P

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biology provides examples of efficient machines which greatly outperform conventional technology. Designers in neuromorphic engineering aim to construct electronic systems with the same efficient style of computation. This task requires a melding of novel engineering principles with knowledge gleaned from neuroscience...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Liu SC,Delbruck T

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many regions of the brain, information is represented by patterns of activity occurring over populations of neurons. Understanding the encoding of information in neural population activity is important both for grasping the fundamental computations underlying brain function, and for interpreting signals that may be...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sanger TD

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Axon pathfinding is essential for the establishment of proper neuronal connections during development. Advances in neuroimaging and genomic technologies, coupled with animal modeling, are leading to the identification of an increasing number of human disorders that result from aberrant axonal wiring. In this review, w...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nugent AA,Kolpak AL,Engle EC

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical networks receive a highly variable stream of inputs from internal and external influences, and must flexibly adapt their operations on a short timescale. Recent work has highlighted this state-dependent functional flexibility of cortical circuits and provided initial insights into underlying circuit-level mec...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cardin JA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Here I review the diversity of GABAergic neurons in the rodent basolateral amygdala (BLA). In spite of the recent identification of the role played by certain neurons of BLA in learning and memory of fear, the diversity of GABAergic neurons has not been fully explored. I describe analogies and differences between GABA...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Capogna M

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biochemical basis of circadian timekeeping is best characterized in cyanobacteria. The structures of its key molecular players, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC are known and these proteins can reconstitute a remarkable circadian oscillation in a test tube. KaiC is rhythmically phosphorylated and its phospho-status is a marke...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Egli M,Johnson CH

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is becoming evident that neurons express an unusual number of molecules that were originally thought to be specific to immune functions. One such molecule, class I major histocompatibility complex, is required in the activity-dependent refinement and plasticity of connections in the developing and adult central ner...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Boulanger LM,Huh GS,Shatz CJ

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantal neurotransmitter release at nerve terminals is tightly regulated by the presynaptic Ca2+ concentration. Here, we summarise current advances in understanding how the interplay between presynaptic Ca2+ dynamics and different Ca2+ release sensors shapes action potential-evoked release on a timescale from hundreds...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Volynski KE,Krishnakumar SS

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural oscillations are ubiquitous in olfactory systems of mammals, insects and molluscs. Neurophysiological and computational investigations point to common mechanisms for gamma or odor associated oscillations across phyla (40-100Hz in mammals, 20-30Hz in insects, 0.5-1.5Hz in molluscs), engaging the reciprocal dendr...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kay LM

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that many aspects of reward-guided behaviour can be understood within the framework of a computational account of decision making. The account emphasises representation of expectations about decision outcomes and the revision of future expectations in the light of the prediction error-the discrep...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rushworth MF,Mars RB,Summerfield C

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the cellular and molecular bases of transduction of painful stimuli has burgeoned in the past year, mainly as a result of studies on isolated sensory neurones in culture. The ion channels underlying neuronal responses to noxious heat, to protons and to ATP have recently been characterized. The typ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cesare P,McNaughton P

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent progress in our understanding of the trafficking of potassium channels can be seen in particular when considering the Kv-type channels. To date, we have discovered that folding of the Kv1.3 T1 domain begins in the ribosomal exit tunnel, and that the cell surface expression of Kv4 channels is enhanced by the pre...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Heusser K,Schwappach B

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have provided a significant advance in our understanding of motor axon pathfinding. In particular, sources of guidance cues and some of the mechanisms used by motor growth cones during pathfinding have been identified. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Westerfield M

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly all studies of natural variation within clock genes involve the period (per) locus, which was originally isolated in the fruit-fly. Intra- and interspecific work on per has focused mostly on a region of Thr-Gly or Ser-Gly repeats, which show rapid length and sequence evolution. The functional implications of nu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Costa R,Kyriacou CP

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ample evidence suggests that upon their retrieval, items in long-term memory enter a transient special state, in which they might become prone to change. The process that generates this state is dubbed 'reconsolidation'. The dominant conceptual framework in this revitalized field of memory research focuses on whether ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Dudai Y

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that endocannabinoids act as retrograde messengers at many synapses in the central nervous system. Activation of phospholipases, either through calcium-mediated or receptor-mediated signaling, leads to the formation and release of endocannabinoids. These lipophilic signaling molecules diffuse to...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kreitzer AC,Regehr WG

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is often associated with cognitive deficits, particularly within the domains of memory and language. Specific cognitive deficits have recently been linked to psychotic phenomena, including verbal hallucinations and disorganized speech. Impairments of working and semantic memory are primarily due to dysfu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kuperberg G,Heckers S

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic administration of opiates or cocaine has been shown to alter the activity or expression of diverse types of cellular proteins in specific target neurons within the central nervous system. Prominent examples include signaling proteins, such as receptors, G proteins, second-messenger synthetic enzymes, and prote...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nestler EJ

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The basal ganglia, with their inhibitory efferents, control motor outputs either directly by their projections to the midbrain motor regions or indirectly through the thalamic nuclei. Neural mechanisms in the basal ganglia act selectively to remove or enhance the inhibition so that different combinations of motor sign...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hikosaka O

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orexin deficiency results in the sleep disorder narcolepsy in many mammalian species, including mice, dogs, and humans, suggesting that the orexin system is particularly important for normal regulation of sleep/wakefulness states, and especially for maintenance of wakefulness. This review discusses animal models of na...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sakurai T

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New discoveries challenge the long-held view that aging is characterized by progressive loss and decline. Evidence for functional reorganization, compensation and effective interventions holds promise for a more optimistic view of neurocognitive status in later life. Complexities associated with assigning function to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Reuter-Lorenz PA,Lustig C

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings suggest that cerebral laterality will not be understood in terms of simple dichotomies, such as the idea that the left hemisphere is analytic and the right holistic. Rather, hemisphere differences can be better explained in terms of relatively specific principles that extend over limited domains. For v...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Brown HD,Kosslyn SM

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cadherin superfamily is a large (now more than 100 proteins) protein family originally identified as cell adhesion molecules. Each cadherin shows distinct expression patterns in the nervous system, and their expressions are both spatially and temporally regulated and diverse among different species. Mounting evide...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Matsunaga E,Okanoya K

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal eyes have long served as a classical example of independent origin followed by convergence of structures onto a few different solutions. During the past decade this view has been challenged by the discovery of shared developmental regulatory genes. The Pax6 gene in particular is almost universally employed for ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nilsson DE

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VOR) assist retinal image stabilization during vertebrate locomotion thereby ensuring accurate visual perception. The importance of this motor behavior for animal survival requires that the underlying circuitry and all individual components are fully developed and functional as soon as post-...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Straka H

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the central nervous system (CNS) development has been strongly enhanced by the recent progress of single-cell multiomics approaches. Certainly, the multiplex profiling of individual cell epigenomes and transcriptomes together with dynamic lineage tracing systems brings encouraging new perspectives...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Solanelles-Farré L,Telley L

更新日期：2020-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past years, major advances have been made in understanding the sequential events involved in neural plate patterning. Positional information is already conferred to cells of the neural plate at the time of its induction in the ectoderm. The interplay between the BMP- and the Fgf- signaling pathways leads to...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rhinn M,Picker A,Brand M

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult somatic stem cells are generally defined as cells with the ability to differentiate into multiple different lineages and to self-renew during long periods of time. These features were long presumed to be represented in one single tissue-specific stem cell. Recent development of single-cell technologies reveals t...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Llorens-Bobadilla E,Martin-Villalba A

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00