Abstract:
:Satratoxins have been recognized as potential immunomodulatory agents in outbreaks of building-related illness. Here we report that satratoxin G-treated human leukemia HL-60 cells underwent apoptosis through the action of caspase-3 which was activated by both caspase-8 and caspase-9. Western blot analysis of caspase-3 in the satratoxin G-treated cells apparently indicated the appearance of a catalytically active fragment of 17 kDa. Increased caspase-3 activity was also detected by using a fluorogenic substrate, DEVD-AMC. Next, exposure to satratoxin G led to cleavage of PARP from its native 116 kDa form to a 85 kDa product. Moreover, DFF-45/ICAD were cleaved into a 12.5 kDa fragment via satratoxin G treatment. Enzymic assay on IETD-AMC revealed that caspase-8 is strongly activated by exposure to satratoxin G while T-2 toxin (T-2) could not activate caspase-8 at an early stage of apoptosis. Furthermore, satratoxin G caused a release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and increased the activity of caspase-9 against LEHD-AMC. These findings indicate that satratoxin G-induced apoptosis involves activation of caspase-3 and DFF-40/CAD through both activation of caspase-8 and cytosolic accumulation of cytochrome c along with activation of caspase-9.
journal_name
Immunol Lettjournal_title
Immunology lettersauthors
Nagase M,Shiota T,Tsushima A,Murshedul Alam M,Fukuoka S,Yoshizawa T,Sakato Ndoi
10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00127-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-10-21 00:00:00pages
23-7issue
1eissn
0165-2478issn
1879-0542pii
S016524780200127Xjournal_volume
84pub_type
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