Abstract：
:Salvage therapy with ritonavir (RTV) and saquinavir (SQV) failed to achieve virological and immunological improvement in 24 HIV-infected patients who discontinued triple therapy with RTV or indinavir (IDV) because of failure or intolerance to treatment. Changes in the HIV-1 protease gene sequence were analyzed prospectively in 14 patients. No primary protease mutation was found prior to the use of protease inhibitors. After 7 months of treatment with IDV or RTV, primary resistance mutations at codons pol 46 and/or pol 82 were observed in 11 of 13 patients. After 16 weeks on RTV-SQV, novel primary mutations related to SQV emerged in 7 of 13 patients, together with an increase in the number of secondary resistance mutations. Our observations indicate that the cumulative occurrence of resistance mutations in the protease gene was associated with failure of antiretroviral therapy. The presence of mutations to a first protease inhibitor may represent a risk factor for the failure of a subsequent treatment with a second line protease inhibitor.
journal_name
Antiviral Resjournal_title
Antiviral researchauthors
Karmochkine M,Si Mohamed A,Piketty C,Ginsburg C,Raguin G,Schneider-Fauveau V,Gutmann L,Kazatchkine MD,Belec Ldoi
10.1016/s0166-3542(00)00110-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
179-88issue
3eissn
0166-3542issn
1872-9096pii
S0166354200001108journal_volume
47pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:Cyclosporin A (CsA) was assessed for its effect on the production of antiviral activity by human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). CsA markedly reduced the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to stimulation with lectin mitogens, bacterial products, alloantigens, or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transfor...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(82)90006-7
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several pyrophosphate analogues have been studied for their effects on avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase and on cellular DNA polymerase alpha. Examination of structure-activity relationships for these compounds revealed that two acidic groups connected by a short bridge were necessary, but not sufficien...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(82)90028-6
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lamivudine is no longer recommended as first-line therapy for chronic hepatitis B. The same advice has been made for adefovir and telbivudine, due to their relatively weak anti-viral activity and low resistance barrier, respectively. Instead, either tenofovir or entecavir is the currently preferred anti-HBV agent, giv...
journal_title：Antiviral research
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doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.08.026
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.07.003
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(84)90018-4
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.03.004
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2003.10.004
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the event of an influenza pandemic, the use of oseltamivir (OTV) will undoubtedly increase and therefore it is more likely that OTV-resistant influenza strains will also arise. OTV-resistance genotyping using sequence-based testing on viruses isolated in cell culture is time consuming and less likely to detect the ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.09.010
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.10.013
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.03.001
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.04.015
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00129-8
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(97)01037-1
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.03.008
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(90)90071-e
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(89)90071-5
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00184-5
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.11.003
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(00)00118-2
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.09.003
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(95)00989-2
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(97)00039-9
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.08.004
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.01.020
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.10.014
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(93)90082-t
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.09.003
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
