Abstract：
:Milk is primarily regarded as a food furnishing essential nutrients for infant growth and development, but milk can also serve as a vehicle for mother to neonate transfer of molecules that regulate development. A wide array of biologically active compounds such as hormones, cytokines and enzymes are present in milk, especially early milk. The premise that prolactin (PRL) in milk is an important and possibly essential developmental factor for the newborn is explored. Both PRL and structurally modified isoforms are abundant in early milk and gradually diminish with the progression of lactation. Milk PRL is absorbed and biologically active in the neonate. Assays of PRL variants, experimental paradigms to test them as developmental regulators and the body of evidence supporting the hypothesis that milk PRL regulates differentiation and maturation of neonatal neuroendocrine, reproductive, and immune systems is presented.
journal_name
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasiajournal_title
Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasiaauthors
Ellis LA,Mastro AM,Picciano MFdoi
10.1007/BF02018079subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
259-69issue
3eissn
1083-3021issn
1573-7039journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Mammalian cells depend on phospholipid (PL) and fatty acid (FA) transport to maintain membrane structure and organization, and to fuel and regulate cellular functions. In mammary glands of lactating animals, copious milk secretion, including large quantities of lipid in some species, requires adaptation and integratio...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-014-9318-8
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch receptor protein and its signaling pathway have been well conserved throughout evolution and appear to be pivotal components in cell fate decisions during development. Recent studies suggest that, depending on the cellular and developmental context, Notch signaling may also affect cell proliferation and prog...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1009512414430
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hedgehog pathway is critical for many developmental processes, including the formation of several epidermal appendages. In the mammary gland strict regulation of the Hedgehog pathway is required for normal development. Alterations in Hedgehog signaling result in defects in both the embryonic and postnatal mammary ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-007-9048-2
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mouse model for breast cancer has developed into a most effective means of dissecting and understanding this devastating disease. The inbred transgenic mouse lends itself to biological, molecular, immunological, and genetic studies. The observation, dissection, transplantation, and subsequent amplification of prec...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9088-2
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased glucose requirements of the gravid uterus during late pregnancy and even greater requirements of the lactating mammary glands necessitate major adjustments in glucose production and utilization in maternal liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and other tissues. In ruminants, which at all times rely princi...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026336505343
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers of women in the Western world. Despite modest achievements in the treatment of this disease, there is a substantial unmet medical need to reduce the occurrence of new breast cancers. In several prospective, placebo-controlled trials, the antiestrogen tamoxifen has been s...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1025727103811
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Originally adapted from the neurosphere assay, the nonadherent mammosphere assay has been utilized to assess early progenitor/stem cell frequency in a given population of mammary epithelial cells. This method has also been used to measure the frequency of tumorsphere initiating cells in both primary mammary tumors as ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-012-9258-0
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transgenic experiments using oocyte micro-injection methodology are often performed in order to target expression of a foreign gene in a specific tissue or, to a lesser extent, to study the regulation of gene expression. However, the isolation of embryonic stem cells in mice and the development of antisense and ribozy...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1018775729834
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ductal development in the pubertal mouse mammary gland is characterized by dramatic morphological changes in the epithelium driven by proliferation of cap and body cells in the terminal endbuds. Recent experiments revealed a coincident and abundant apoptosis in the body cells of these structures. The cells undergoing ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1018733426625
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast development occurs through well-defined stages representing 'windows of susceptibility' to adverse environmental exposures that potentially modify breast cancer risk. Systematic characterization of morphology and transcriptome during normal breast development lays the foundation of our understanding of cancer e...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-018-9401-7
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various retroviral and lentiviral vectors have been used for up-the-teat intraductal injection to deliver markers, oncogenes, and other genes into mammary epithelial cells in mice. These methods along with the large number of genetically engineered mouse lines have greatly helped us learn normal breast development and...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-020-09469-w
更新日期：2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:We have reported the use of vectors based on avian leukosis virus (ALV) and ALV env pseudotyped lentivirus for stably introducing genes into somatic mammary cells in vivo for tumor modeling. These vectors require tva transgenic mice for viral infection. Here, we report, and described the method for, stably introducing...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-009-9154-4
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mouse has emerged as a primary animal model for human breast cancer because the mammary glands of the two species are very similar in structure and function. In this regard the TDLU and LA have similar morphology. The mouse, infected by MMTV, develops "spontaneous" tumors with specific but limited tumor phenotypes...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1018712905244
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuroendocrine hormone prolactin (PRL) stimulates breast growth and differentiation during puberty, pregnancy, and lactation. Despite extensive and convincing data indicating that PRL significantly contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of rodent mammary carcinoma, parallel observations for human breast c...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026325630359
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development and progression of aggressive breast cancer is characterized by genomic instability leading to multiple genetic defects, phenotypic diversity, chemoresistance, and poor outcome. Centrosome abnormalities have been implicated in the origin of chromosomal instability through the development of multipolar ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/B:JOMG.0000048774.27697.30
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamic interactions between the hormone responsive mammary gland epithelium and surrounding stromal macrophage populations are critical for normal development and function of the mammary gland. Macrophages are versatile cells capable of diverse roles in mammary gland development and maintenance of homeostasis, and th...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-014-9319-7
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microenvironment of a tumor has emerged recently as a critical contributor to the development of cancer. Within this environment, fibroblasts and immune cells are the cell lineages that seem to be active mediators of tumour development. The activated fibroblasts that are also present during wound healing and chron...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-014-9326-8
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between maternal dietary intakes of energy or fat maternal body composition and the milk fat concentration is an important element in understanding the role of breast-milk in infant nutrition. In most studies in both developing and developed countries, no relation between maternal energy intake and mi...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018702030259
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse modeling of human breast cancer has developed tremendously over the past ten years. Human breast cancer is characterized by enormous biological diversity and, collectively, the new models have come much closer to encompassing this diversity. They have provided a deeper understanding of the fundamental events tha...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9093-5
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family has often been associated with increased growth of breast epithelial cells, as well as malignant transformation and progression. In contrast, ErbB4/HER4 exhibits unique attributes from a two step proteolytic cleavage which releases an 80 kilodalton, nuclear localizing, tyrosine...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9080-x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland commonly caused by bacterial infection. The inflammatory process is a normal and necessary immunological response to invading pathogens. The purpose of host inflammatory responses is to eliminate the source of tissue injury, restore immune homeostasis, and return tissue...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-011-9230-4
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With improved screening methods, the numbers of abnormal breast lesions diagnosed in women have been increasing over time. However, it remains unclear whether these breast lesions will develop into invasive cancers. To more effectively predict the outcome of breast lesions and determine a more appropriate course of tr...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-018-9407-1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carcinogenesis is a complex process during which cells undergo genetic and epigenetic alterations. These changes can lead tumor cells to acquire characteristics that enable movement from the primary site of origin when conditions become unfavorable. Such characteristics include gain of front-rear polarity, increased m...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-012-9244-6
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of molecular mechanisms in a particular process such as embryonic mammary gland development, can be revealed by modulation of one or several factors that purportedly act in that process. If those factors or their inhibitors are soluble, their function can be tested by loading them onto small inert bead...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-013-9297-1
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been implicated in the lobuloalveolar development of the mammary gland. In breast cancer its activation has been linked to tumor progression via stimulation of cell proliferation, pro-survival, and angiogenesis pathways and metastasis. Whether NF-kappaB activation in the immune sy...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-006-9013-5
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the development and functional differentiation in the mammary gland occur after birth. Epigenetics is defined as the stable alterations in gene expression potential that arise during development and proliferation. Epigenetic changes are mediated at the biochemical level by the chromatin conformation initiated ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-010-9170-4
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With our improved understanding of the biological behavior of breast cancer, minimally invasive intervention is urgently needed for personalized treatment of early disease. Intraductal therapy is one such minimally invasive approach. With the help of appropriate tools, technologies using the intraductal means of enter...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-020-09453-4
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-I and -II (IGF-I and IGF-II) and/or the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) have been implicated in a number of human tumors including breast cancer. However, despite being implicated in breast cancer for approximately 25 years and given that transgenic technology has been av...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9097-1
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of genes and proteins involved in lipid biosynthesis in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is complicated by the presence of adipose tissue in the mammary gland, which may be predominant in whole tissue lysates depending upon developmental stage. We have developed a method based on protocols used to establish pr...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-009-9161-5
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathways are major regulators during mammary gland development, function and tumorigenesis. Predominantly, they have opposing roles in proliferation and apoptosis. While ERα signaling supports growth and differentiation and is antiapoptotic, ma...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-011-9203-7
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
