Abstract：
:Transgenic experiments using oocyte micro-injection methodology are often performed in order to target expression of a foreign gene in a specific tissue or, to a lesser extent, to study the regulation of gene expression. However, the isolation of embryonic stem cells in mice and the development of antisense and ribozyme technologies have allowed more subtle alterations of endogenous gene expression to be achieved. The mammary gland is one of the few organs able to undergo several cycles of development, differentiation and apoptosis through complex multihormonal regulation during adult life. It is thus an attractive model to assess the in vivo function of some genes potentially involved in these mechanisms, either by silencing them or by partially repressing their expression. Furthermore, such alterations of gene expression have also been performed for more applied objectives such as the modification of milk composition for nutritional and technological purposes. This review will describe the experimental procedures used toward these aims and the results already obtained in this field. Some potential new targets will be suggested.
journal_name
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasiajournal_title
Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasiaauthors
Vilotte JL,L'Huillier P,Mercier JCdoi
10.1023/a:1018775729834subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
351-62issue
3eissn
1083-3021issn
1573-7039journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Available evidence indicates that mammary gland secretions first evolved in synapsids that laid parchment-shelled eggs. Unlike the rigid-shelled eggs of birds and some other sauropsids, parchment-shelled eggs lose water very rapidly when exposed to ambient air of lower vapor pressure, whether due to differences in rel...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022848632125
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have reported the use of vectors based on avian leukosis virus (ALV) and ALV env pseudotyped lentivirus for stably introducing genes into somatic mammary cells in vivo for tumor modeling. These vectors require tva transgenic mice for viral infection. Here, we report, and described the method for, stably introducing...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-009-9154-4
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The IGFBP family comprises six proteins with high affinity for the IGFs and several lower affinity IGFBP-related proteins. Their production in the breast is controlled by hormones, other local regulators and in tumors relates to the estrogen receptor status. Their functional activity can also be affected by various po...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1009519400591
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hedgehog pathway is critical for many developmental processes, including the formation of several epidermal appendages. In the mammary gland strict regulation of the Hedgehog pathway is required for normal development. Alterations in Hedgehog signaling result in defects in both the embryonic and postnatal mammary ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-007-9048-2
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carcinogenesis is a complex process during which cells undergo genetic and epigenetic alterations. These changes can lead tumor cells to acquire characteristics that enable movement from the primary site of origin when conditions become unfavorable. Such characteristics include gain of front-rear polarity, increased m...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-012-9244-6
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microenvironment of a tumor has emerged recently as a critical contributor to the development of cancer. Within this environment, fibroblasts and immune cells are the cell lineages that seem to be active mediators of tumour development. The activated fibroblasts that are also present during wound healing and chron...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-014-9326-8
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been appreciated that the estrogen receptor (ER) plays an important role in the biology of breast cancer. It is an accepted factor predicting favorable disease outcome and treatment response, and as such is generally considered to represent a "good" prognostic marker in breast cancer. In this review we pre...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1014782813943
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the development and functional differentiation in the mammary gland occur after birth. Epigenetics is defined as the stable alterations in gene expression potential that arise during development and proliferation. Epigenetic changes are mediated at the biochemical level by the chromatin conformation initiated ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-010-9170-4
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuroendocrine hormone prolactin (PRL) stimulates breast growth and differentiation during puberty, pregnancy, and lactation. Despite extensive and convincing data indicating that PRL significantly contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of rodent mammary carcinoma, parallel observations for human breast c...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026325630359
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a preventable risk factor for breast cancer following menopause. Regardless of menopausal status, obese women who develop breast cancer have a worsened prognosis. Breast tissue is comprised of mammary epithelial cells organized into ducts and lobules and surrounded by adipose-rich connective tissue. Studies...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-020-09452-5
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor expression and signal transduction in human breast cancer are reviewed as a function of estrogen receptor (ER) expression. ER+ breast cancer cells are generally resistant to the inhibitory effects of TGF-beta. The only known exception appears to be MCF-7 early passag...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02017392
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogens are important for the development of the mammary gland and strongly associated with oncogenesis in this tissue. The biological effects of estrogens are mediated through the estrogen receptor (ER), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. The estrogen/ER signaling pathway plays a central role in mammary ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1026339111278
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ductal development in the pubertal mouse mammary gland is characterized by dramatic morphological changes in the epithelium driven by proliferation of cap and body cells in the terminal endbuds. Recent experiments revealed a coincident and abundant apoptosis in the body cells of these structures. The cells undergoing ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1018733426625
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since breast cancer and its associated metastasis are a global health problem and a major cause of mortality among women, research efforts to understand the development, morphogenesis, and functioning of the mammary gland are a high priority. Myriad signaling pathways, transcription factors, and associated transcripti...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-007-9043-7
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As their name implies, the myoepithelial cells found at the epithelial-mesenchymal interface of the human mammary gland disclose features suggestive of a dual epithelial-like and muscle-like differentiation, i.e. they co-express various keratins and vimentin intermediate filaments, as well as smooth muscle-related ant...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-005-9581-9
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian cells depend on phospholipid (PL) and fatty acid (FA) transport to maintain membrane structure and organization, and to fuel and regulate cellular functions. In mammary glands of lactating animals, copious milk secretion, including large quantities of lipid in some species, requires adaptation and integratio...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-014-9318-8
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor spread involves degradation of various components of the extracellular matrix and blood vessel wall. Among these is heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which plays a key role in the self-assembly, insolubility and barrier properties of basement membranes and extracellular matrices. Expression of an endoglycosidase (he...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1011375624902
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammary gland is an ectodermal appendage and a defining feature of mammals. Consistent with it being a recent evolutionary novelty, many of the molecules essential for the ontogeny and morphogenesis of various vertebrate organs, including those in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway, are co-opted ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-013-9278-4
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human mammary epithelial cells emerge spontaneously from senescence, exhibiting eroding telomeric sequences, and ultimately enter crisis to generate the type of chromosomal abnormalities seen in early stages of breast cancer. In a mouse mammary tumor model, the spontaneous escape of senescence can be observed as an in...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/B:JOMG.0000023590.63974.f8
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammary gland involution is a period of intensive tissue remodeling. Over the course of a relatively brief period, a large proportion of the mammary gland epithelium undergoes programmed cell death and is removed by phagocytes. In addition, the gland is cleared of residual milk fat globules as well as milk and adipocy...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-007-9036-6
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death among women with malignant diseases. The selection of adequate therapies for highly invasive and metastatic BCs still represents a major challenge. Novel combinatorial therapeutic approaches are urgently required to enhance the efficiency of BC treatment. Recently, microR...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-021-09478-3
更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathways are major regulators during mammary gland development, function and tumorigenesis. Predominantly, they have opposing roles in proliferation and apoptosis. While ERα signaling supports growth and differentiation and is antiapoptotic, ma...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-011-9203-7
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With improved screening methods, the numbers of abnormal breast lesions diagnosed in women have been increasing over time. However, it remains unclear whether these breast lesions will develop into invasive cancers. To more effectively predict the outcome of breast lesions and determine a more appropriate course of tr...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10911-018-9407-1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During normal mammary gland development, the tyrosine kinase Jak2 and its main substrate, the signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (Stat5), are critical for the growth and differentiation of alveolar progenitors as well as the survival of secretory mammary epithelial cells. Genetic studies in mouse model...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9062-z
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential role of smoking in breast cancer risk has been the subject of over 100 publications, numerous scientific reviews, and animated debate. Tobacco exposure is a well-established cause of lung cancer, and is thought to account for nearly one third of all cancer deaths. Tobacco smoke contains thousands of chem...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-012-9269-x
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversion via mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), represent a stepwise cycle of epithelial plasticity that allows for normal tissue remodelling and diversification during development. In particular, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity is central to many aspects ...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-010-9180-2
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), a major regulator of the mononuclear phagocytic lineage, is expressed in more than 70% of human breast cancers and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis. Studies of CSF-1 null mutant mice demonstrated that CSF-1 plays an important role in normal mammary ductal developmen...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1020399802795
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted to the extracellular environment by several cell types, including tumor cells. It has been demonstrated that exosomes have an important role in intercellular communication, but they have recently been implicated in various tumor processes, including the oncogenic tran...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-015-9332-5
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) signaling via the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) regulate multiple aspects of malignancy. The importance of IGF-1R in regulating the malignant phenotype is currently being validated in numerous clinical trials for cancer including breast cancer. This review d...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10911-008-9105-5
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Premalignant breast disease in humans is a concept that admits to a broad range of elements and possible determinants predicting the likelihood of developing breast cancer. Most of these elements are relative, such as the risk of breast cancer for women that is 130 times that of men and peaks at a younger age by about...
journal_title：Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1009521726605
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
