Abstract：
:The expanded CD8+ T-lymphocyte population arising in response to viral infection controls the virus but could also prove damaging to the host unless safely removed at the end of the immune response. Apoptosis provides a mechanism whereby this can be achieved, as apoptotic cells are recognized and engulfed by macrophages. Peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes from individuals with acute viral infections were highly susceptible to apoptosis after short-term culture in vitro. This spontaneous cell death could be prevented by interleukin-2 (IL-2) and was related to a decreased expression of Bcl-2 but not Bax or Bcl-XL, additional molecules that promote or prevent apoptosis, respectively, as well as an increase in CD95. After stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody, T cells from these patients also underwent an activation-induced cell death (AICD) that could not be prevented by IL-2. Interestingly, CD8+ T cells from this patient group expressed lower than normal levels of three costimulatory molecules, CD28, CD5 and CD6, suggesting that stimulation in the absence of a second signal is a possible mechanism for the defective reactivation of these cells. Thus multiple mechanisms, including loss of Bcl-2, increased CD95 and loss of costimulatory molecules, place constraints on the survival and reactivation of activated CD8+ T cells after viral infections. This enables immune activation to be controlled and cellular homeostasis to be re-established during resolution of viral diseases in vivo.
journal_name
Immunologyjournal_title
Immunologyauthors
Borthwick NJ,Bofill M,Hassan I,Panayiotidis P,Janossy G,Salmon M,Akbar ANsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
508-15issue
4eissn
0019-2805issn
1365-2567journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
IMMUNOLOGY文献大全abstract：:Among their diverse roles as transcriptional regulators during development and cell fate specification, the RUNX transcription factors are best known for the parts they play in haematopoiesis. RUNX proteins are expressed throughout all haematopoietic lineages, being necessary for the emergence of the first haematopoie...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imm.12535
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two consecutive studies, eighteen and forty-one normal subjects were given a standard tuberculin skin test of 1 tuberculin unit (0.02 mug of PPD). Two days later another skin test was given. Readings of the skin reactions showed that subjects exhibiting strongly positive skin reactions in their primary skin tests s...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number, distribution and surface phenotype of dividing cells in the thymus, and differences between the cell cycle status of thymocyte subpopulations, were studied in fetal and post-natal lambs using double-labelling techniques. Dividing cells were labelled in vivo for various periods with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The level of circulating thymic factor (FTS) tested by its action on spleen rosette-forming cells from adult thymectomized mice, has been shown to be stable in young animals. This stability suggests a regulatory mechanism. An approach of this regulation has been attempted by disrupting the FTS level either by neonatal...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied activation-induced changes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i, interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, and clonal abortion of the human leukaemic T-cell line Jurkat and three T-cell receptor (TcR)/CD3 receptor negative clones deficient for the TcR alpha, TcR beta and CD3 gamma chains respectively, as well as thr...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different genetic mutations have been described in complement component C7 deficiency, a molecular defect clinically associated with an increased susceptibility to neisserial recurrent infections. In this work we report the genetic basis of C7 deficiency in two different Spanish families (family 1 and family 2). In fa...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2567.2004.01997.x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When mice were homozygous for the Wf allele at W locus, the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction observed in mice primed i.v. or s.c. with optimal doses of sheep red blood cells was greatly decreased. The number of sensitized splenic cells able to transfer a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction was identical...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The humoral and mucosal immune responses to oral immunization with xenogeneic antibodies were studied using an animal model in which female rabbits were fed daily doses of the MOPC-315 murine IgA antibody, and were mated during the course of the feeding programme. Serum and colostrum samples were assayed for the prese...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Class switching and plasma cell differentiation occur at a high level within all mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. The different classes of membrane immunoglobulin heavy chains are associated with the Igα/Igβ heterodimer within the B-cell receptor (BCR). Whether BCR isotypes convey specific signals adapted to the co...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03557.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An interleukin-12 (IL-12) expression plasmid was transferred, using a gene gun, to mice infected with Leishmania major or Trypanosoma cruzi. Transfer of the IL-12 gene to susceptible BALB/c mice resulted in regression of lesion size and reduced the number of parasites in draining lymph nodes (LN) at the site of L. maj...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00989.x
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In chronic inflammatory conditions, mononuclear cells infiltrate the involved connective tissue and may persist, perhaps because of binding to adhesion molecules on connective tissue cells, as well as extracellular matrix. Here we investigated whether vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) may be induced on human ...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-750.x
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large doses of hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate injected subcutaneously, and whole-body irradiation (500 rads) caused a reduction in the number of peritoneal cells (PE cells) obtained after intraperitoneal injection of the treated mice with proteose-peptone. The same dose of cyclophosphamide and irra...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic diseases are frequently exacerbated between midnight and early morning, suggesting a role for the biological clock. Mast cells (MC) and eosinophils are the main effector cells of allergic diseases and some MC-specific or eosinophil-specific markers, such as tryptase or eosinophil cationic protein, exhibit cir...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/imm.12157
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suramin, a polyanionic and polycyclic compound, was initially used for the treatment of trypanosomiasis and onchocerciasis. In the last decade, it has been used in therapy of cancer and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The influence of suramin on the expression of various markers by human mononuclear phagoc...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suppressor T (Ts) cells specific for minor alloantigens can be generated by intravenous administration of high doses (10(8) cells) of alloantigenic spleen cells. Such Ts cells have previously been shown to inhibit the in vivo induction of CTL responses and are now shown to suppress in vitro proliferative responses to ...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgM was purified from normal human colostrum and salivary secretions devoid of IgA. The isolated immunoglobulin was found to contain J chain, and showed a slight affinity for free secretory component (SC). In the secretions IgM was saturated with SC, but only 60--70 per cent of the molecules had retained the component...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes attempts to isolate and characterize glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding molecules on the surface of lymphocytes and lymphoma cell lines and relate their expression to splenic and lymph node homing capacity. Initial binding studies with radiolabelled GAG and rosetting studies with GAG-coupled erythroc...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term bovine lymphocyte cultures were initiated by stimulation with alloantigens and maintained in continuous culture using medium containing recombinant human interleukin-2 (rh IL-2). The development of specific and lectin-dependent killing was monitored following primary alloantigen challenge. Cytolytic activity...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell (Tc) clones can lyse target cells in vitro in the presence of their specific peptide epitopes. The lytic potency of murine influenza nucleoprotein (NP)-specific Tc clones was investigated after observing that target cell killing was reduced in the presence of high (greater than 0.2 micr...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of T lymphocytes in ovine fetal lymph nodes was studied immunohistologically using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. T lymphocyte subsets appeared within the ovine fetal lymph node in a specific sequence. SBU-T1- and SBU-T8-positive lymphocytes were seen at Day 47 of gestation. LCA, sIg, MHC I, MHC II,...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro frequency and proliferative capacity of B cells and B-cell precursors in old mice was assessed. The mitogenic response to the B-cell mitogens lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and dextran sulphate decline later and at a slower rate than the T-cell response to phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A. The response to...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MCA44 is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to guinea-pig decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and, using this mAb, tissue distribution of guinea-pig DAF was studied by immunofluorescence. Guinea-pig DAF was found to be expressed not only on the vascular endothelium but also on different types of cells, such as the tubular epithe...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2567.1998.00592.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific recognition of the acetylcholine receptor and its alpha-subunit by T cells derived from patients with myasthenia gravis or mice with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis raises the question of the role of autoreactive T cells in the myasthenic process. Sequences of the acetylcholine receptor alpha-su...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A subpopulation of human peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells, defined by sedimentation at Percoll high buoyant densities (P greater than 1.0635-1.0640 g/ml) and unresponsiveness to interleukin-2 (IL-2), contained two distinct populations based on the intensity of CD16 (FcR gamma III) expression, namely CD16dim ...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alveolar macrophages (AM) present antigen poorly to CD4+ T cells and respond weakly to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and costimulatory molecule expression. In atopic asthma, however, AM exhibit enhanced antigen-presenting cell (APC) activity. Since gr...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00862.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of Peyer's patches in the local intestinal and serum antibody responses to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) was studied in rabbits with chronically isolated ileal loops. Four weekly doses of 400 microgram KLH were administered into loops prepared with and without Peyer's patches. Isotype-specific IgA and IgG ...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A non-specific suppressor factor, owl monkey suppressor factor, OMSF, from leukaemic owl monkey peripheral T lymphocytes has been isolated and characterized. OMSF is a glycoprotein of a molecular weight of 66,000 which can be produced from purified owl monkey enhancing factor, OMEF, by both Tris buffer dialysis and by...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic antigenic stimulation leads to gradual accumulation of late-differentiated, antigen-specific, oligoclonal T cells, particularly within the CD8(+) T-cell compartment. They are characterized by critically shortened telomeres, loss of CD28 and/or gain of CD57 expression and are defined as either CD8(+) CD28(-) or...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03470.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat mast cells with the properties of mucosal mast cells (MMC) proliferate in cultures of haemopoietic tissue in the presence of conditioned medium (CM) from antigen- or mitogen-activated T lymphocytes. The present study shows that recombinant rat interleukin-3 (rIL-3) both stimulated the development of MMC from bone ...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type A chrysotile fibres (white asbestos) were tested in vitro for activation of the complement system. Fibres were incubated in normal human serum (NHS), factor B-depleted human serum, and normal and C4-deficient guinea-pig sera; the supernates were assayed for the remaining complement activity. Activation of the alt...
journal_title：Immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
