Structure of the UmuD' protein and its regulation in response to DNA damage.

abstract：:Biodiversity is rapidly declining, and this may negatively affect ecosystem processes, including economically important ecosystem services. Previous studies have shown that biodiversity has positive effects on organisms and processes across trophic levels. However, only a few studies have so far incorporated an explic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scherber C,Eisenhauer N,Weisser WW,Schmid B,Voigt W,Fischer M,Schulze ED,Roscher C,Weigelt A,Allan E,Bessler H,Bonkowski M,Buchmann N,Buscot F,Clement LW,Ebeling A,Engels C,Halle S,Kertscher I,Klein AM,Koller R,

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic hypermutation introduces point mutations into immunoglobulin genes in germinal centre B cells during an immune response. The reaction is initiated by cytosine deamination by the activation-induced deaminase (AID) and completed by error-prone processing of the resulting uracils by mismatch and base excision rep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu M,Duke JL,Richter DJ,Vinuesa CG,Goodnow CC,Kleinstein SH,Schatz DG

更新日期：2008-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,000-65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequences of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. We find that a p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuhlwilm M,Gronau I,Hubisz MJ,de Filippo C,Prado-Martinez J,Kircher M,Fu Q,Burbano HA,Lalueza-Fox C,de la Rasilla M,Rosas A,Rudan P,Brajkovic D,Kucan Ž,Gušic I,Marques-Bonet T,Andrés AM,Viola B,Pääbo S,Meyer M,Sie

更新日期：2016-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:During endocytosis, clathrin and the clathrin adaptor protein AP-2, assisted by a variety of accessory factors, help to generate an invaginated bud at the cell membrane. One of these factors is Eps15, a clathrin-coat-associated protein that binds the alpha-adaptin subunit of AP-2. Here we investigate the function of E...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen H,Fre S,Slepnev VI,Capua MR,Takei K,Butler MH,Di Fiore PP,De Camilli P

更新日期：1998-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), as purified from fresh human platelets, is a protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 30,000 composed of two disulphide-linked subunit chains of similar size, named A and B (ref. 1). The dimer structure of PDGRF seems to be important for its biological effects, as reduction irreve...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Heldin CH,Johnsson A,Wennergren S,Wernstedt C,Betsholtz C,Westermark B

更新日期：1986-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Meristems are distinctive regions of plants that have capacity for continuous growth. Their developmental activity generates the majority of plant organs. It is currently unknown how cell division and cell differentiation are orchestrated in meristems, although genetic studies have demonstrated the relevance of a prop...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van den Berg C,Willemsen V,Hendriks G,Weisbeek P,Scheres B

更新日期：1997-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Multicomponent reactions are relied on in both academic and industrial synthetic organic chemistry owing to their step- and atom-economy advantages over traditional synthetic sequences1. Recently, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) motifs have become valuable as pharmaceutical bioisosteres of benzene rings, and in particular...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang X,Smith RT,Le C,McCarver SJ,Shireman BT,Carruthers NI,MacMillan DWC

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesolimbic dopamine-releasing neurons appear to be important in the brain reward system. One behavioural paradigm that supports this hypothesis is intracranial self-stimulation (ICS), during which animals repeatedly press a lever to stimulate their own dopamine-releasing neurons electrically. Here we study dopamine re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garris PA,Kilpatrick M,Bunin MA,Michael D,Walker QD,Wightman RM

更新日期：1999-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The coupling of ATP hydrolysis to electron transfer by the enzyme nitrogenase during biological nitrogen fixation is an important example of a nucleotide-dependent transduction mechanism. The crystal structure has been determined for the complex between the Fe-protein and MoFe-protein components of nitrogenase stabili...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schindelin H,Kisker C,Schlessman JL,Howard JB,Rees DC

更新日期：1997-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of properties that contribute to the persistence and resilience of ecosystems despite climate change constitutes a research priority of global relevance. Here we present a novel, empirical approach to assess the relative sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability, one property of resilience th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seddon AW,Macias-Fauria M,Long PR,Benz D,Willis KJ

更新日期：2016-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Some surprising facts about the most productive institutions emerge when Japanese life-science research is subject to a novel type of assessment. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yamazaki S

更新日期：1994-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic mice bearing the cellular myc oncogene coupled to the immunoglobulin mu or kappa enhancer frequently develop a fatal lymphoma within a few months of birth. Since the tumours represent represent both immature and mature B lymphocytes, constitutive c-myc expression appears to be highly leukaemogenic at severa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adams JM,Harris AW,Pinkert CA,Corcoran LM,Alexander WS,Cory S,Palmiter RD,Brinster RL

更新日期：1985-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoiesis is an essential process that evolved in multicellular animals. At the heart of this process are haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are multipotent and self-renewing, and generate the entire repertoire of blood and immune cells throughout an animal's life1. Although there have been comprehensive stu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rosental B,Kowarsky M,Seita J,Corey DM,Ishizuka KJ,Palmeri KJ,Chen SY,Sinha R,Okamoto J,Mantalas G,Manni L,Raveh T,Clarke DN,Tsai JM,Newman AM,Neff NF,Nolan GP,Quake SR,Weissman IL,Voskoboynik A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metazoan gene regulation often involves the pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in the promoter-proximal region. Paused Pol II is stabilized by the protein complexes DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) and negative elongation factor (NELF). Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a paused transcr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vos SM,Farnung L,Urlaub H,Cramer P

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new process, antigenization of antibodies, consisting of the expression of oligopeptides in the hypervariable loops of an antibody molecule is described. The potential applications of antigenized antibodies are discussed. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zanetti M

更新日期：1992-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular noise is a natural phenomenon that is inherent to all biological systems1,2. How stochastic processes give rise to the robust outcomes that support tissue homeostasis remains unclear. Here we use single-molecule RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (smFISH) on mouse stem cells derived from haematopoietic ti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wheat JC,Sella Y,Willcockson M,Skoultchi AI,Bergman A,Singer RH,Steidl U

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcriptional underpinnings of brain development remain poorly understood, particularly in humans and closely related non-human primates. We describe a high-resolution transcriptional atlas of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) brain development that combines dense temporal sampling of prenatal and postnatal periods...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bakken TE,Miller JA,Ding SL,Sunkin SM,Smith KA,Ng L,Szafer A,Dalley RA,Royall JJ,Lemon T,Shapouri S,Aiona K,Arnold J,Bennett JL,Bertagnolli D,Bickley K,Boe A,Brouner K,Butler S,Byrnes E,Caldejon S,Carey A,Cate

更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In double-stranded-RNA (dsRNA) viruses found in animals, bacteria and yeast, the genome is transcribed within the structurally intact core of the virion with extraordinary efficiency. The structural organization of the genome and the enzymes involved in the transcription inside any of these viruses, critical for under...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Prasad BV,Rothnagel R,Zeng CQ,Jakana J,Lawton JA,Chiu W,Estes MK

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manic depression is a severe cyclic mental illness that can be unipolar or bipolar and has a lifetime risk of approximately 7 per 1,000 in most populations. Families with multiple cases of manic depression have been described that are compatible with both autosomal dominant and X-linked modes of genetic transmission. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hodgkinson S,Sherrington R,Gurling H,Marchbanks R,Reeders S,Mallet J,McInnis M,Petursson H,Brynjolfsson J

更新日期：1987-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of the systemic invasive infectious disease classically referred to as plague, and has been responsible for three human pandemics: the Justinian plague (sixth to eighth centuries), the Black Death (fourteenth to nineteenth centuries) and modern plague ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parkhill J,Wren BW,Thomson NR,Titball RW,Holden MT,Prentice MB,Sebaihia M,James KD,Churcher C,Mungall KL,Baker S,Basham D,Bentley SD,Brooks K,Cerdeño-Tárraga AM,Chillingworth T,Cronin A,Davies RM,Davis P,Dougan G,

更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Human-mediated translocation of species to areas beyond their natural distribution (which results in 'alien' populations1) is a key signature of the Anthropocene2, and is a primary global driver of biodiversity loss and environmental change3. Stemming the tide of invasions requires understanding why some species fail ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Redding DW,Pigot AL,Dyer EE,Şekercioğlu ÇH,Kark S,Blackburn TM

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demethylation at distinct lysine residues in histone H3 by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) causes either gene repression or activation. As a component of co-repressor complexes, LSD1 contributes to target gene repression by removing mono- and dimethyl marks from lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4). In contrast, during ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Metzger E,Imhof A,Patel D,Kahl P,Hoffmeyer K,Friedrichs N,Müller JM,Greschik H,Kirfel J,Ji S,Kunowska N,Beisenherz-Huss C,Günther T,Buettner R,Schüle R

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most striking feature of the Sun's magnetic field is its cyclic behaviour. The number of sunspots, which are dark regions of strong magnetic field on the Sun's surface, varies with a period of about 11 years. Superposed on this cycle are secular changes that occur on timescales of centuries and events like the Mau...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Solanki SK,Schüssler M,Fligge M

更新日期：2000-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent decades-long decline in East African rainfall suggests that multidecadal variability is an important component of the climate of this vulnerable region. Prior work based on analysing the instrumental record implicates both Indian and Pacific ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) as possible drivers of East ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tierney JE,Smerdon JE,Anchukaitis KJ,Seager R

更新日期：2013-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schwörer S,Becker F,Feller C,Baig AH,Köber U,Henze H,Kraus JM,Xin B,Lechel A,Lipka DB,Varghese CS,Schmidt M,Rohs R,Aebersold R,Medina KL,Kestler HA,Neri F,von Maltzahn J,Tümpel S,Rudolph KL

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The large degeneracy of states resulting from the geometrical frustration of competing interactions is an essential ingredient of important problems in fields as diverse as magnetism, protein folding and neural networks. As first explained by Pauling, geometrical frustration of proton positions is also responsible for...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Snyder J,Slusky JS,Cava RJ,Schiffer P

更新日期：2001-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-independent, amiloride-sensitive channels involved in diverse physiological processes ranging from nociception to taste. Despite the importance of ASICs in physiology, we know little about the mechanism of channel activation. Here we show that psalmotoxin activates non-sel...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baconguis I,Gouaux E

更新日期：2012-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell factor (TCF), a high-mobility-group domain protein, is the transcription factor activated by Wnt/Wingless signalling. When signalling occurs, TCF binds to its coactivator, beta-catenin/Armadillo, and stimulates the transcription of the target genes of Wnt/Wingless by binding to TCF-responsive enhancers. Inappro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Waltzer L,Bienz M

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) from the electroplax of the ray Torpedo californica is composed of five subunits present in a molar stoichiometry of alpha 2 beta gamma delta (refs 1-3) and contains both the binding site for the neurotransmitter and the cation gating unit (reviewed in refs 4-6). We have rec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Noda M,Takahashi H,Tanabe T,Toyosato M,Kikyotani S,Furutani Y,Hirose T,Takashima H,Inayama S,Miyata T,Numa S

更新日期：1983-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical course of autoimmune and infectious disease varies greatly, even between individuals with the same condition. An understanding of the molecular basis for this heterogeneity could lead to significant improvements in both monitoring and treatment. During chronic infection the process of T-cell exhaustion in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McKinney EF,Lee JC,Jayne DR,Lyons PA,Smith KG

更新日期：2015-07-30 00:00:00