Abstract:
:There are major impediments to finding improved DEET alternatives because the receptors causing olfactory repellency are unknown, and new chemicals require exorbitant costs to determine safety for human use. Here we identify DEET-sensitive neurons in a pit-like structure in the Drosophila melanogaster antenna called the sacculus. They express a highly conserved receptor, Ir40a, and flies in which these neurons are silenced or Ir40a is knocked down lose avoidance to DEET. We used a computational structure-activity screen of >400,000 compounds that identified >100 natural compounds as candidate repellents. We tested several and found that most activate Ir40a(+) neurons and are repellents for Drosophila. These compounds are also strong repellents for mosquitoes. The candidates contain chemicals that do not dissolve plastic, are affordable and smell mildly like grapes, with three considered safe in human foods. Our findings pave the way to discover new generations of repellents that will help fight deadly insect-borne diseases worldwide.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Kain P,Boyle SM,Tharadra SK,Guda T,Pham C,Dahanukar A,Ray Adoi
10.1038/nature12594subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-24 00:00:00pages
507-12issue
7472eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature12594journal_volume
502pub_type
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