Stimulation of transcription of the yeast tRNATyr gene in cell-free extracts by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase.

abstract：:Stable associations of more than one species of symbiont within a single host cell or tissue are assumed to be rare in metazoans because competition for space and resources between symbionts can be detrimental to the host. In animals with multiple endosymbionts, such as mussels from deep-sea hydrothermal vents and ree...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dubilier N,Mülders C,Ferdelman T,de Beer D,Pernthaler A,Klein M,Wagner M,Erséus C,Thiermann F,Krieger J,Giere O,Amann R

更新日期：2001-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermodynamics predicts that transmembrane voltage modulates membrane tension and that this will cause movement. The magnitude and polarity of movement is governed by cell stiffness and surface potentials. Here we confirm these predictions using the atomic force microscope to dynamically follow the movement of voltage...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang PC,Keleshian AM,Sachs F

更新日期：2001-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Language is a uniquely human ability that evolved at some point in the roughly 6,000,000 years since human and chimpanzee lines diverged. Even in the most linguistically impoverished environments, children naturally develop sophisticated language systems. In contrast, reading is a learnt skill that does not develop wi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carreiras M,Seghier ML,Baquero S,Estévez A,Lozano A,Devlin JT,Price CJ

更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reorganizations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation were associated with large and abrupt climatic changes in the North Atlantic region during the last glacial period. Projections with climate models suggest that similar reorganizations may also occur in response to anthropogenic global warming. Here I ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schmittner A

更新日期：2005-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Interchromosomal gene conversion between alleles has been shown in yeast frequently to be associated with the recombination of flanking genetic markers. Although this also holds true for gene conversion between two alleles of the yeast mating-type (MAT) locus, initiated by the homothallic switching system, we find no ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Klar AJ,Strathern JN

更新日期：1984-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscles consist of motor units which may differ considerably in contractile properties and types of usage. Some units participate mainly in relatively rare, quick movements and contract rapidly and are easily fatigued (type FF); others contribute to the maintenance of posture and hence contract slowly and are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hennig R,Lømo T

更新日期：1985-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The factors determining disease severity in malaria are complex and include host polymorphisms, acquired immunity and parasite virulence. Studies in Africa have shown that severe malaria is associated with the ability of erythrocytes infected with the parasite Plasmodium falciparum to bind uninfected erythrocytes and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rowe JA,Moulds JM,Newbold CI,Miller LH

更新日期：1997-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Local galaxies are broadly divided into two main classes, star-forming (gas-rich) and quiescent (passive and gas-poor). The primary mechanism responsible for quenching star formation in galaxies and transforming them into quiescent and passive systems is still unclear. Sudden removal of gas through outflows or strippi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Peng Y,Maiolino R,Cochrane R

更新日期：2015-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness worldwide, is as prevalent as cancer in industrialized nations. Most blindness in AMD results from invasion of the retina by choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Here we show that the eosinophil/mast cell chemokine receptor CCR3 is specifically expres...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takeda A,Baffi JZ,Kleinman ME,Cho WG,Nozaki M,Yamada K,Kaneko H,Albuquerque RJ,Dridi S,Saito K,Raisler BJ,Budd SJ,Geisen P,Munitz A,Ambati BK,Green MG,Ishibashi T,Wright JD,Humbles AA,Gerard CJ,Ogura Y,Pan Y,S

更新日期：2009-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:An observer moving forwards through the environment experiences a radial pattern of image motion on each retina. Such patterns of optic flow are a potential source of information about the observer's rate of progress, direction of heading and time to reach objects that lie ahead. As the viewing distance changes there ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Busettini C,Masson GS,Miles FA

更新日期：1997-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Finite element analysis (FEA) is used by industrial designers and biomechanicists to estimate the performance of engineered structures or human skeletal and soft tissues subjected to varying regimes of stress and strain. FEA is rarely applied to problems of biomechanical design in animals, despite its potential to inf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rayfield EJ,Norman DB,Horner CC,Horner JR,Smith PM,Thomason JJ,Upchurch P

更新日期：2001-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell factor (TCF), a high-mobility-group domain protein, is the transcription factor activated by Wnt/Wingless signalling. When signalling occurs, TCF binds to its coactivator, beta-catenin/Armadillo, and stimulates the transcription of the target genes of Wnt/Wingless by binding to TCF-responsive enhancers. Inappro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Waltzer L,Bienz M

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The imaginal discs of Drosophila, which give rise to the adult appendages, are patterned during a period of intense cell proliferation. The specification of differing regions occurs in some cases by subdividing the disc epithelium into lineage compartments. However, in most cases precise boundaries are formed between ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rulifson EJ,Micchelli CA,Axelrod JD,Perrimon N,Blair SS

更新日期：1996-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Countless millions of people have died from tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus. The complete genome sequence of the best-characterized strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv, has been determined and analysed in order to improve our understanding of the biology of this slow-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cole ST,Brosch R,Parkhill J,Garnier T,Churcher C,Harris D,Gordon SV,Eiglmeier K,Gas S,Barry CE 3rd,Tekaia F,Badcock K,Basham D,Brown D,Chillingworth T,Connor R,Davies R,Devlin K,Feltwell T,Gentles S,Hamlin N,Hol

更新日期：1998-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The Axl receptor tyrosine kinase was identified as a protein encoded by a transforming gene from primary human myeloid leukaemia cells by DNA-mediated transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Axl is the founding member of a family of related receptors that includes Eyk, encoded by a chicken proto-oncogene originally described...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Varnum BC,Young C,Elliott G,Garcia A,Bartley TD,Fridell YW,Hunt RW,Trail G,Clogston C,Toso RJ

更新日期：1995-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormones and retinoic acid function through nuclear receptors that belong to the steroid/thyroid-hormone receptor superfamily. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) require auxiliary nuclear proteins for efficient DNA binding. Here we report that retinoid X receptors RXR alpha is o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang XK,Hoffmann B,Tran PB,Graupner G,Pfahl M

更新日期：1992-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally, entanglement was considered to be a quirk of microscopic objects that defied a common-sense explanation. Now, however, entanglement is recognized to be ubiquitous and robust. With the realization that entanglement can occur in macroscopic systems - and with the development of experiments aimed at exploi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vedral V

更新日期：2008-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient long-distance quantum teleportation is crucial for quantum communication and quantum networking schemes. Here we describe the high-fidelity teleportation of photons over a distance of 600 metres across the River Danube in Vienna, with the optimal efficiency that can be achieved using linear optics. Our resul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ursin R,Jennewein T,Aspelmeyer M,Kaltenbaek R,Lindenthal M,Walther P,Zeilinger A

更新日期：2004-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence for the process of sympatric speciation, in which reproductive isolation of species occurs without physical isolation. Theoretical models have focused on disruptive natural selection as the crucial pressure for splitting a species. Here we report the theoretical finding that sympatric spec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Higashi M,Takimoto G,Yamamura N

更新日期：1999-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Sounds heard over headphones are typically perceived inside the head (internalized), unlike real sound sources which are perceived outside the head (externalized). If the acoustical waveforms from a real sound source are reproduced precisely using headphones, auditory images are appropriately externalized and localize...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kulkarni A,Colburn HS

更新日期：1998-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementary DNA cloning of the transcripts of the Drosophila clock gene period reveals three distinct transcripts. These result from unusual splicing pathways, one involving a CG 3' splice site and one resulting in the use of two different reading frames in one exon, and they predict three separate proteins. Two of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Citri Y,Colot HV,Jacquier AC,Yu Q,Hall JC,Baltimore D,Rosbash M

更新日期：1987-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The resemblance of the orbitally filtered isotope signal from the past 340 kyr in Antarctic ice cores to Northern Hemisphere summer insolation intensity has been used to suggest that the northern hemisphere may drive orbital-scale global climate changes. A recent Letter by Laepple et al. suggests that, contrary to thi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sime LC,Wolff EW

更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Homopyrimidine oligonucleotides bind to homopurine-homopyrimidine sequences of duplex DNA forming a local triple helix. This binding can be demonstrated either directly by a footprinting technique, gel assays, or indirectly by inducing irreversible reactions in the target sequence, such as photocrosslinking or cleavag...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Perrouault L,Asseline U,Rivalle C,Thuong NT,Bisagni E,Giovannangeli C,Le Doan T,Hélène C

更新日期：1990-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:By means of in vivo selection, transcriptomic analysis, functional verification and clinical validation, here we identify a set of genes that marks and mediates breast cancer metastasis to the lungs. Some of these genes serve dual functions, providing growth advantages both in the primary tumour and in the lung microe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Minn AJ,Gupta GP,Siegel PM,Bos PD,Shu W,Giri DD,Viale A,Olshen AB,Gerald WL,Massagué J

更新日期：2005-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) is a gamma-2 herpesvirus that is implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma and of primary effusion B-cell lymphomas (PELs). KSHV infects malignant and progenitor cells of Kaposi's sarcoma and PEL, it encodes putative oncogenes and genes that may cause Ka...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bais C,Santomasso B,Coso O,Arvanitakis L,Raaka EG,Gutkind JS,Asch AS,Cesarman E,Gershengorn MC,Mesri EA

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At birth the trans-placental nutrient supply is suddenly interrupted, and neonates face severe starvation until supply can be restored through milk nutrients. Here, we show that neonates adapt to this adverse circumstance by inducing autophagy. Autophagy is the primary means for the degradation of cytoplasmic constitu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuma A,Hatano M,Matsui M,Yamamoto A,Nakaya H,Yoshimori T,Ohsumi Y,Tokuhisa T,Mizushima N

更新日期：2004-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of disulphide bonds is essential to the structure and function of proteins. These bonds rapidly form either cotranslationally or immediately post-translationally in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Native disulphide pairing for such proteins has been achieved in vitro; however, the rates of reasse...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Edman JC,Ellis L,Blacher RW,Roth RA,Rutter WJ

更新日期：1985-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The U6 small nuclear (sn)RNA gene (SNR6) from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is transcribed by RNA polymerase III in vivo. This gene is unusual in having a TATA box at position -30, and an essential B-block element located downstream of the T-rich termination signal. The B block is one of the two intragenic promot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Burnol AF,Margottin F,Huet J,Almouzni G,Prioleau MN,Méchali M,Sentenac A

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) is the first step in the synthesis of more complex carbon-based fuels and feedstocks using renewable electricity. Unfortunately, the reaction suffers from slow kinetics owing to the low local concentration of CO2 surrounding typical CO2 reductio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu M,Pang Y,Zhang B,De Luna P,Voznyy O,Xu J,Zheng X,Dinh CT,Fan F,Cao C,de Arquer FP,Safaei TS,Mepham A,Klinkova A,Kumacheva E,Filleter T,Sinton D,Kelley SO,Sargent EH

更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Transport vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus are thought to mediate biosynthetic transport across the Golgi stack. These vesicles are surrounded by a protein coat whose principal constituents are coatomer (a complex of seven distinct subunits or COPs) and ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF, an N-myristylated small GT...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orcl L,Palmer DJ,Amherdt M,Rothman JE

更新日期：1993-08-19 00:00:00