Voltage-induced membrane movement.

abstract：:T lymphocytes of the alpha/beta T-cell receptor (TCR) lineage mature in the thymus, where they undergo a series of differentiation, expansion and selection events. For normal T-cell ontogeny to occur, thymocytes must interact physically with cortical and medullary thymic stroma cells. In parallel, interactions of the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Holländer GA,Wang B,Nichogiannopoulou A,Platenburg PP,van Ewijk W,Burakoff SJ,Gutierrez-Ramos JC,Terhorst C

更新日期：1995-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:For many pathogens the availability of genome sequence, permitting genome-dependent methods of research, can partially substitute for powerful forward genetic methods (genome-independent) that have advanced model organism research for decades. In 2002 the genome sequence of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite causing ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Winzeler EA

更新日期：2008-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a potent pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine implicated in inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis and the cachexia associated with cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection. TNF-alpha is initially expressed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gearing AJ,Beckett P,Christodoulou M,Churchill M,Clements J,Davidson AH,Drummond AH,Galloway WA,Gilbert R,Gordon JL

更新日期：1994-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The commitment of non-dividing cells (in G0) to enter division can be studied using primary cultures of lymphocytes. The cells are stable in G0 unless stimulated by mitogen such as concanavalin A (Con A). Commitment to enter the division cycle depends on the expression of gene(s) induced by Con A and the synthesis of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Milner J

更新日期：1984-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane remodelling plays an important role in cellular tasks such as endocytosis, vesiculation and protein sorting, and in the biogenesis of organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum or the Golgi apparatus. It is well established that the remodelling process is aided by specialized proteins that can sense as well...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reynwar BJ,Illya G,Harmandaris VA,Müller MM,Kremer K,Deserno M

更新日期：2007-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing population and consumption are placing unprecedented demands on agriculture and natural resources. Today, approximately a billion people are chronically malnourished while our agricultural systems are concurrently degrading land, water, biodiversity and climate on a global scale. To meet the world's future ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Foley JA,Ramankutty N,Brauman KA,Cassidy ES,Gerber JS,Johnston M,Mueller ND,O'Connell C,Ray DK,West PC,Balzer C,Bennett EM,Carpenter SR,Hill J,Monfreda C,Polasky S,Rockström J,Sheehan J,Siebert S,Tilman D,Zaks DP

更新日期：2011-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA of telomeres--the terminal DNA-protein complexes of chromosomes--differs notably from other DNA sequences in both structure and function. Recent work has highlighted its remarkable mode of synthesis by the ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase, telomerase, as well as its ability to form unusual structures in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Blackburn EH

更新日期：1991-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the introduction of silicon-based integrated circuitry over three decades ago, the integration density of such circuits has doubled every 12 to 18 months: this observation is known as Moore's law. For this historical trend to continue, significant challenges need to be overcome in several key technological a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Peercy PS

更新日期：2000-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinesin superfamily is a class of microtubule-based mechano-enzymes involved in intracellular transport and chromosome movements. Molecules that move towards either the plus end or the minus end of microtubules are represented within the family. The motor domains of these molecules exhibit considerable sequence ho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hoenger A,Sablin EP,Vale RD,Fletterick RJ,Milligan RA

更新日期：1995-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The type I interferon response protects cells against invading viral pathogens. The cellular factors that mediate this defence are the products of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Although hundreds of ISGs have been identified since their discovery more than 25 years ago, only a few have been characterized with res...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schoggins JW,Wilson SJ,Panis M,Murphy MY,Jones CT,Bieniasz P,Rice CM

更新日期：2011-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The flow of terrestrial groundwater to the sea is an important natural component of the hydrological cycle. This process, however, does not explain the large volumes of low-salinity groundwater that are found below continental shelves. There is mounting evidence for the global occurrence of offshore fresh and brackish...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Post VE,Groen J,Kooi H,Person M,Ge S,Edmunds WM

更新日期：2013-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune system is critical for the early detection of invading pathogens and for initiating cellular host defence countermeasures, which include the production of type I interferon (IFN). However, little is known about how the innate immune system is galvanized to respond to DNA-based microbes. Here we show ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ishikawa H,Ma Z,Barber GN

更新日期：2009-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A list of authors and their affiliations appears at the end of the paper New-particle formation is a major contributor to urban smog1,2, but how it occurs in cities is often puzzling3. If the growth rates of urban particles are similar to those found in cleaner environments (1-10 nanometres per hour), then existing un...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang M,Kong W,Marten R,He XC,Chen D,Pfeifer J,Heitto A,Kontkanen J,Dada L,Kürten A,Yli-Juuti T,Manninen HE,Amanatidis S,Amorim A,Baalbaki R,Baccarini A,Bell DM,Bertozzi B,Bräkling S,Brilke S,Murillo LC,Chiu R,

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two main forms of long-term potentiation (LTP)-a prominent model for the cellular mechanism of learning and memory-have been distinguished in the mammalian brain. One requires activation of postsynaptic NMDA (N-methyl d-aspartate) receptors, whereas the other, called mossy fibre LTP, has a principal presynaptic compon...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Castillo PE,Schoch S,Schmitz F,Südhof TC,Malenka RC

更新日期：2002-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8, or HHV 8) is a virus that is consistently present in Kaposi's sarcoma and in primary-effusion (body-cavity-based) lymphomas, malignancies that occur frequently, but not exclusively, in AIDS patients. KSHV is a gamma herpesvirus with homo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Arvanitakis L,Geras-Raaka E,Varma A,Gershengorn MC,Cesarman E

更新日期：1997-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Idiotypic networks regulate the immune response to a variety of antigens. Antibodies generated against other antibodies, called anti-idiotypic antibodies, can themselves mimic antigen and elicit a specific immune response. They have been shown to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to model antigens in the mous...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Forstrom JW,Nelson KA,Nepom GT,Hellström I,Hellström KE

更新日期：1983-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in the visual cortex respond preferentially to edge-like stimuli of a particular orientation. It is a long-standing hypothesis that orientation selectivity arises during development through the activity-dependent refinement of cortical circuitry. Unambiguous evidence for such a process has, however, remained e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wolf F,Geisel T

更新日期：1998-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Compartments in food webs are subgroups of taxa in which many strong interactions occur within the subgroups and few weak interactions occur between the subgroups. Theoretically, compartments increase the stability in networks, such as food webs. Compartments have been difficult to detect in empirical food webs becaus...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krause AE,Frank KA,Mason DM,Ulanowicz RE,Taylor WW

更新日期：2003-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Myeloid precursors can be grown in vitro in the presence of specific growth factors; however, their expansion is limited by a competing process of terminal differentiation. Proto-oncogenes seem to be involved in cellular proliferation and/or differentiation and may also play a role in the myelopoietic process. Murine ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Blasi E,Mathieson BJ,Varesio L,Cleveland JL,Borchert PA,Rapp UR

更新日期：1985-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Complexity in male sexual displays is widely appreciated but diversity in female mate choice has received little attention. Males of many species have sexual displays composed of multiple display traits, and females are thought to use these different traits in mate choice. Models of multiple display trait evolution su...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coleman SW,Patricelli GL,Borgia G

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ongoing efforts within synthetic and systems biology have been directed towards the building of artificial computational devices using engineered biological units as basic building blocks. Such efforts, inspired in the standard design of electronic circuits, are limited by the difficulties arising from wiring the basi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Regot S,Macia J,Conde N,Furukawa K,Kjellén J,Peeters T,Hohmann S,de Nadal E,Posas F,Solé R

更新日期：2011-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a pressing need to develop alternatives to annual influenza vaccines and antiviral agents licensed for mitigating influenza infection. Previous studies reported that acute lung injury caused by chemical or microbial insults is secondary to the generation of host-derived, oxidized phospholipid that potently st...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shirey KA,Lai W,Scott AJ,Lipsky M,Mistry P,Pletneva LM,Karp CL,McAlees J,Gioannini TL,Weiss J,Chen WH,Ernst RK,Rossignol DP,Gusovsky F,Blanco JC,Vogel SN

更新日期：2013-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Population-level analyses often use average quantities to describe heterogeneous systems, particularly when variation does not arise from identifiable groups. A prominent example, central to our current understanding of epidemic spread, is the basic reproductive number, R(0), which is defined as the mean number of inf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lloyd-Smith JO,Schreiber SJ,Kopp PE,Getz WM

更新日期：2005-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Over half of the inherited predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus maps to the region of chromosome 6 that contains the highly polymorphic HLA class II genes which determine immune responsiveness. Analysis of DNA sequences from diabetics indicates that alleles of HLA-DQ beta determine both disease suscep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Todd JA,Bell JI,McDevitt HO

更新日期：1987-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleus of mammalian cells displays a distinct spatial segregation of active euchromatic and inactive heterochromatic regions of the genome1,2. In conventional nuclei, microscopy shows that euchromatin is localized in the nuclear interior and heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery1,2. Genome-wide chromosome conf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Falk M,Feodorova Y,Naumova N,Imakaev M,Lajoie BR,Leonhardt H,Joffe B,Dekker J,Fudenberg G,Solovei I,Mirny LA

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific chromosomal deletions sometimes associated with tumours such as retinoblastoma (chromosome 13q14) and Wilm's tumour (chromosome 11p13) have led to the hypothesis that recessive genes may be involved in tumorigenesis. This hypothesis is supported by demonstration of allele loss specific for these regions using...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Naylor SL,Johnson BE,Minna JD,Sakaguchi AY

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The variable (V) regions of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains are encoded by multiple germline DNA elements which are assembled into complete variable-region genes in precursor(pre-) B lymphocytes. The heavy-chain V region (VH) is assembled from three separate germline DNA elements, the variable (VH), diversity (D...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reth MG,Ammirati P,Jackson S,Alt FW

更新日期：1985-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The collagens represent an interesting example of a structurally related but genetically distinct family of proteins. Type I, the most abundant of the vertebrate collagens, comprises two pro alpha 1(I) chains and one pro alpha 2(I) chain, each containing terminal propeptides and a central domain of 338 (Gly, X, Y) rep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chu ML,de Wet W,Bernard M,Ding JF,Morabito M,Myers J,Williams C,Ramirez F

更新日期：1984-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In lung diseases such as asthma, expiratory flow becomes limited, airways can collapse and the vital exchange of gases is compromised. Here we model the inflation of collapsed regions of the lung during inspiration in terms of avalanches propagating through a bifurcating network of airways, and find that the accompany...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alencar AM,Arold SP,Buldyrev SV,Majumdar A,Stamenović D,Stanley HE,Suki B

更新日期：2002-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbes comprise the majority of extant organisms, yet much remains to be learned about the nature and driving forces of microbial diversification. Our understanding of how microorganisms adapt and evolve can be advanced by genome-wide documentation of the patterns of genetic exchange, particularly if analyses target...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lo I,Denef VJ,Verberkmoes NC,Shah MB,Goltsman D,DiBartolo G,Tyson GW,Allen EE,Ram RJ,Detter JC,Richardson P,Thelen MP,Hettich RL,Banfield JF

更新日期：2007-03-29 00:00:00