Abstract：
:The flow of terrestrial groundwater to the sea is an important natural component of the hydrological cycle. This process, however, does not explain the large volumes of low-salinity groundwater that are found below continental shelves. There is mounting evidence for the global occurrence of offshore fresh and brackish groundwater reserves. The potential use of these non-renewable reserves as a freshwater resource provides a clear incentive for future research. But the scope for continental shelf hydrogeology is broader and we envisage that it can contribute to the advancement of other scientific disciplines, in particular sedimentology and marine geochemistry.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Post VE,Groen J,Kooi H,Person M,Ge S,Edmunds WMdoi
10.1038/nature12858subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-05 00:00:00pages
71-8issue
7478eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature12858journal_volume
504pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：:The pathways that control insulin secretion and regulate pancreatic beta-cell mass are crucial in the development of diabetes mellitus. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young comprises a number of single-gene disorders affecting pancreatic beta-cell function, and the consequences of mutations in these genes are so serio...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/414788a
更新日期：2001-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The cortex organizes sensory information to enable discrimination and generalization1-4. As systematic representations of chemical odour space have not yet been described in the olfactory cortex, it remains unclear how odour relationships are encoded to place chemically distinct but similar odours, such as lemon and o...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-2451-1
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small organic molecules have proven to be invaluable tools for investigating biological systems, but there is still much to learn from their use. To discover and to use more effectively new chemical tools to understand biology, strategies are needed that allow us to systematically explore 'biological-activity space'. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nature03196
更新日期：2004-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro studies of muscle mitochondrial metabolism in patients with mitochondrial myopathy have identified a variety of functional defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, predominantly affecting complex I (NADH-CoQ reductase) or complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase) in adult cases. These two enzymes ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/331717a0
更新日期：1988-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Combined PD-1 and CTLA-4-targeted immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab is effective against melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and non-small-cell lung cancer1-3. However, this comes at the cost of frequent, serious immune-related adverse events, necessitating a reduction in the recommended dose of ipilimumab that i...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1162-y
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium channels in plasma membranes can be blocked by a large variety of toxins and local anaesthetics. This property, however, is not confined to relatively large molecules. For instance, extracellularly applied small ions like hydrogen may also prevent the passive transport of permeant cations across open Na+ channe...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/287062a0
更新日期：1980-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The interneuronal messenger nitric oxide (NO) may play a central role in the processing of olfactory information. Several circuit elements in the mammalian olfactory bulb contain NO synthase or its functional equivalent, NADPH diaphorase. The effects of NO on cellular excitability or circuit dynamics in the olfactory ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/369061a0
更新日期：1994-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:One approach to the controlled release of drugs involves incorporation of the drug molecules into the matrix of microscopic polymer spheres or capsules. Existing methods for preparing such microparticles do not, however, always guarantee a constant release rate, for example because drug molecules may be trapped prefer...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/367258a0
更新日期：1994-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Capacitors are a mainstay of electronic integrated circuits and devices, where they perform essential functions such as storing electrical charge, and blocking direct current while allowing alternating currents to propagate. Because they are often the largest components in circuits, extensive efforts are directed at r...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature05148
更新日期：2006-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) sense viral and microbial DNA through endosomal Toll-like receptors to produce type 1 interferons. pDCs do not normally respond to self-DNA, but this restriction seems to break down in human autoimmune disease by an as yet poorly understood mechanism. Here we identify the antimicrob...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature06116
更新日期：2007-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:During development, neuronal survival is regulated by the limited availability of neurotrophins, which are proteins of the nerve growth factor (NGF) family. Activation of specific trk tyrosine kinase receptors by the neurotrophins blocks programmed cell death. The trkA-specific ligand NGF has also been shown to activa...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/383166a0
更新日期：1996-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The structure-function relationship of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) has been effectively studied by the combination of complementary DNA manipulation and single-channel current analysis. Previous work with chimaeras between the Torpedo californica and bovine AChR delta-subunits has shown that the region...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/335645a0
更新日期：1988-10-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Species that depend on membership in social groups for survival exhibit changes in neuronal gene expression and behaviour when they face restricted social interactions or isolation1-3. Here we show that, across the lifespan of zebrafish (Danio rerio), social isolation specifically decreased the level of transcription ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-2988-z
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sex in mammals is determined in the fetal gonad by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome gene Sry, which controls whether bipotential precursor cells differentiate into testicular Sertoli cells or ovarian granulosa cells. This pivotal decision in a single gonadal cell type ultimately controls sexual differentiat...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10239
更新日期：2011-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Historically, the study of speech processing has emphasized a strong link between auditory perceptual input and motor production output. A kind of 'parity' is essential, as both perception- and production-based representations must form a unified interface to facilitate access to higher-order language processes such a...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature12935
更新日期：2014-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:An experiment by the Gates Foundation is food for thought for other research agencies. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1038/4551150a
更新日期：2008-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The human nose is often considered something of a luxury, but in the rest of the animal world, from bacteria to mammals, detecting chemicals in the environment has been critical to the successful organism. An indication of the importance of olfactory systems is the significant proportion - as much as 4% - of the genom...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/35093026
更新日期：2001-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Speciation in many animal taxa is catalysed by the evolutionary diversification of mating signals. According to classical theories of speciation, mating signals diversify, in part, as an incidental byproduct of adaptation by natural selection to divergent ecologies, although empirical evidence in support of this hypot...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35051570
更新日期：2001-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased levels of brain amyloid-beta, a secreted peptide cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein (APP), is believed to be critical in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Increased amyloid-beta can cause synaptic depression, reduce the number of spine protrusions (that is, sites of synaptic contacts) and bloc...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature09217
更新日期：2010-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the origins of agriculture, the scale of human cooperation and societal complexity has dramatically expanded. This fact challenges standard evolutionary explanations of prosociality because well-studied mechanisms of cooperation based on genetic relatedness, reciprocity and partner choice falter as people increa...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature16980
更新日期：2016-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Rab GTPases regulate all stages of membrane trafficking, including vesicle budding, cargo sorting, transport, tethering and fusion. In the inactive (GDP-bound) conformation, accessory factors facilitate the targeting of Rab GTPases to intracellular compartments. After nucleotide exchange to the active (GTP-bound) conf...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03798
更新日期：2005-07-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding crystal growth is essential for controlling the crystallization used in industrial separation and purification processes. Because solids interact through their surfaces, crystal shape can influence both chemical and physical properties. The thermodynamic morphology can readily be predicted, but most part...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature04173
更新日期：2005-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading determined from ice cores and subsequent cooling from climate proxies such as tree rings. Here we resolve these inconsistencies and show th...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14565
更新日期：2015-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The germ-cell lineage ensures the continuity of life through the generation of male and female gametes, which unite to form a totipotent zygote. We have previously demonstrated that, by using cytokines, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells can be induced into epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) and then in...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature12417
更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected 78 million individuals and is responsible for over 1.7 million deaths to date. Infection is associated with development of variable levels of antibodies with neutralizing activity that can protect against infection in animal models1,2. Antibody ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-021-03207-w
更新日期：2021-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal immune activation (MIA) contributes to behavioural abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in both primate and rodent offspring. In humans, epidemiological studies suggest that exposure of fetuses to maternal inflammation increases the likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder. In p...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature23910
更新日期：2017-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-018-07463-1
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorylation of myosin light chains by a calmodulin-myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) pathway is considered to be responsible for coupling increased calcium concentration with contraction in smooth muscle. This simple view has, however, recently been questioned. To test this hypothesis directly, we microinjected ind...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/338164a0
更新日期：1989-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Comprehensive identification of polymorphisms among individuals within a species is essential both for studying the genetic basis of phenotypic differences and for elucidating the evolutionary history of the species. Large-scale polymorphism surveys have recently been reported for human, mouse and Arabidopsis thaliana...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature07670
更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been established that many eukaryotic mRNAs contain poly(adenylic acid) tracts at their 3'-termini. The polyadenylation of mRNA occurs post-transcriptionally in the nucleus as a rapid, initial addition of 100-200 adenylate residues to the pre-mRNA (ref. 1). Subsequently, a slower chain extension (6-8 bases) of ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/267178a0
更新日期：1977-05-12 00:00:00
