Maternal gut bacteria promote neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mouse offspring.

abstract：:The P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R), one of eight members of the P2YR family expressed in humans, is one of the most prominent clinical drug targets for inhibition of platelet aggregation. Although mutagenesis and modelling studies of the P2Y12R provided useful insights into ligand binding, the agonist and antagonist recognit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang J,Zhang K,Gao ZG,Paoletta S,Zhang D,Han GW,Li T,Ma L,Zhang W,Müller CE,Yang H,Jiang H,Cherezov V,Katritch V,Jacobson KA,Stevens RC,Wu B,Zhao Q

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Silver A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Palaeomagnetic measurements of meteorites suggest that, shortly after the birth of the Solar System, the molten metallic cores of many small planetary bodies convected vigorously and were capable of generating magnetic fields. Convection on these bodies is currently thought to have been thermally driven, implying that...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bryson JF,Nichols CI,Herrero-Albillos J,Kronast F,Kasama T,Alimadadi H,van der Laan G,Nimmo F,Harrison RJ

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Government policies currently commit us to surface warming of three to four degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by 2100, which will lead to enhanced ice-sheet melt. Ice-sheet discharge was not explicitly included in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, so effects on climate from this melt are not cur...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Golledge NR,Keller ED,Gomez N,Naughten KA,Bernales J,Trusel LD,Edwards TL

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aggregation of amyloid-β peptides into fibrils or other self-assembled states is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Fibrils formed in vitro by 40- and 42-residue amyloid-β peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) are polymorphic, with variations in molecular structure that depend on fibril growth conditions. Recent e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Qiang W,Yau WM,Lu JX,Collinge J,Tycko R

更新日期：2017-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen isotope analyses of Spondylus shells from neolithic sites suggest that the source for the shells used as ornaments in the Balkans and central Europe during the fourth millennium BC was the Aegean and not the Black Sea. The trade in Spondylus may have taken the form of an exchange of gifts. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shackleton N,Renfrew C

更新日期：1970-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical stimuli can modify the energy landscape of chemical reactions and enable reaction pathways, offering a synthetic strategy that complements conventional chemistry. These mechanochemical mechanisms have been studied extensively in one-dimensional polymers under tensile stress using ring-opening and reorganiza...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan H,Yang F,Pan D,Lin Y,Hohman JN,Solis-Ibarra D,Li FH,Dahl JEP,Carlson RMK,Tkachenko BA,Fokin AA,Schreiner PR,Galli G,Mao WL,Shen ZX,Melosh NA

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Dense plexuses of neurones containing immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) have been found in discrete areas of the central nervous system and in peripheral organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and urogenital system. In many of these locations VIP is concentrated in nerve endings, where...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Giachetti A,Said SI

更新日期：1979-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophoretic studies suggest that bacterial populations consist of a number of independent clones and that genetic recombination is rare in nature. But DNA sequencing reveals that individual bacterial genes have a mosaic structure that could have arisen only by recombination. How can these observations be reconcile...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith JM,Dowson CG,Spratt BG

更新日期：1991-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium-dependent exocytosis of synaptic vesicles mediates the release of neurotransmitters. Important proteins in this process have been identified such as the SNAREs, synaptotagmins, complexins, Munc18 and Munc13. Structural and functional studies have yielded a wealth of information about the physiological role of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jahn R,Fasshauer D

更新日期：2012-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The verification of nuclear warheads for arms control involves a paradox: international inspectors will have to gain high confidence in the authenticity of submitted items while learning nothing about them. Proposed inspection systems featuring 'information barriers', designed to hide measurements stored in electronic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Glaser A,Barak B,Goldston RJ

更新日期：2014-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The product of the bacteriophage Mu gene mom modifies adenine residues of DNA within the consensus sequence CGAGCNPy, providing protection against various restriction endonucleases (ref. 1 and D. Kamp, personal communication cited in ref. 2). The mom gene is only expressed during lytic development of the phage. It is ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Plasterk RH,Vrieling H,Van de Putte P

更新日期：1983-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast radio bursts are mysterious millisecond-duration transients prevalent in the radio sky. Rapid accumulation of data in recent years has facilitated an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of these events. Knowledge gained from the neighbouring fields of gamma-ray bursts and radio pulsars has also of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang B

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum physics has remarkable distinguishing characteristics. For example, it gives only probabilistic predictions (non-determinism) and does not allow copying of unknown states (no-cloning). Quantum correlations may be stronger than any classical ones, but information cannot be transmitted faster than light (no-sign...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pawłowski M,Paterek T,Kaszlikowski D,Scarani V,Winter A,Zukowski M

更新日期：2009-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:During female germline development, oocytes become a highly specialized cell type and form a maternal cytoplasmic store of crucial factors. Oocyte growth is triggered at the transition from primordial to primary follicle and is accompanied by dynamic changes in gene expression1, but the gene regulatory network that co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hamazaki N,Kyogoku H,Araki H,Miura F,Horikawa C,Hamada N,Shimamoto S,Hikabe O,Nakashima K,Kitajima TS,Ito T,Leitch HG,Hayashi K

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:X-chromosome inactivation results in the strictly cis-limited inactivation of many but not all genes on one of the two X chromosomes during early development in somatic cells of mammalian females. One feature of virtually all models of X inactivation is the existence of an X-inactivation centre (XIC) required in cis f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brown CJ,Lafreniere RG,Powers VE,Sebastio G,Ballabio A,Pettigrew AL,Ledbetter DH,Levy E,Craig IW,Willard HF

更新日期：1991-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:RecBCD is a multi-functional enzyme complex that processes DNA ends resulting from a double-strand break. RecBCD is a bipolar helicase that splits the duplex into its component strands and digests them until encountering a recombinational hotspot (Chi site). The nuclease activity is then attenuated and RecBCD loads Re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Singleton MR,Dillingham MS,Gaudier M,Kowalczykowski SC,Wigley DB

更新日期：2004-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of noise in a signal transduction system usually interferes with its ability to transfer information reliably. But many nonlinear systems can use noise to enhance performance, and this phenomenon, called stochastic resonance, may underlie the extraordinary ability of some biological systems to detect and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bezrukov SM,Vodyanoy I

更新日期：1995-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-conductance (BK type) Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels are essential for modulating muscle contraction and neuronal activities such as synaptic transmission and hearing. BK channels are activated by membrane depolarization and intracellular Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) (refs 6-10). The energy provided by voltage, Ca(2+) and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shi J,Krishnamoorthy G,Yang Y,Hu L,Chaturvedi N,Harilal D,Qin J,Cui J

更新日期：2002-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Language is a uniquely human ability that evolved at some point in the roughly 6,000,000 years since human and chimpanzee lines diverged. Even in the most linguistically impoverished environments, children naturally develop sophisticated language systems. In contrast, reading is a learnt skill that does not develop wi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carreiras M,Seghier ML,Baquero S,Estévez A,Lozano A,Devlin JT,Price CJ

更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:B-RAF is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers. The finding that oncogenic mutations in BRAF are common in melanoma, followed by the demonstration that these tumours are dependent on the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, offered hope that inhibition of B-RAF kinase activity could benefit melanoma patients. He...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bollag G,Hirth P,Tsai J,Zhang J,Ibrahim PN,Cho H,Spevak W,Zhang C,Zhang Y,Habets G,Burton EA,Wong B,Tsang G,West BL,Powell B,Shellooe R,Marimuthu A,Nguyen H,Zhang KY,Artis DR,Schlessinger J,Su F,Higgins B,Iy

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, sympathetic neurons extend axons along a myriad of distinct trajectories, often consisting of arteries, to innervate one of a large variety of distinct final target tissues. Whether or not subsets of neurons within complex sympathetic ganglia are predetermined to innervate select end-organs is unkn...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Makita T,Sucov HM,Gariepy CE,Yanagisawa M,Ginty DD

更新日期：2008-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:During the last glacial period, the Laurentide Ice Sheet sporadically discharged huge numbers of icebergs through the Hudson Strait into the North Atlantic Ocean, leaving behind distinct layers of ice-rafted debris in the ocean sediments. Perplexingly, these massive discharge events-Heinrich events-occurred during the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bassis JN,Petersen SV,Mac Cathles L

更新日期：2017-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 glycoprotein is expressed on T-helper and cytotoxic lymphocytes which are restricted to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on target cells. Antibody inhibition studies imply that CD4 acts to increase the avidity of effector-target cell interactions. These observations have led to the spec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Doyle C,Strominger JL

更新日期：1987-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a leading cause of death due to disease in young people, but the biological determinants of treatment failure remain poorly understood. Recent genome-wide profiling of structural DNA alterations in ALL have identified multiple submicroscopic somatic mutations targeting k...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mullighan CG,Zhang J,Kasper LH,Lerach S,Payne-Turner D,Phillips LA,Heatley SL,Holmfeldt L,Collins-Underwood JR,Ma J,Buetow KH,Pui CH,Baker SD,Brindle PK,Downing JR

更新日期：2011-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The mariner transposable element is a small member of the short inverted terminal repeat class thought to transpose through a DNA intermediate. Originally described in Drosophila mauritiana, it is now known in several species of the family Drosophilidae, and in a moth Hyalophora cecropia. Here I use primers designed t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Robertson HM

更新日期：1993-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Indirect reciprocity is a key mechanism for the evolution of human cooperation. Our behaviour towards other people depends not only on what they have done to us but also on what they have done to others. Indirect reciprocity works through reputation. The standard model of indirect reciprocity offers a binary choice: p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ohtsuki H,Iwasa Y,Nowak MA

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The microtubule cytoskeleton is essential to cell morphogenesis. Growing microtubule plus ends have emerged as dynamic regulatory sites in which specialized proteins, called plus-end-binding proteins (+TIPs), bind and regulate the proper functioning of microtubules. However, the molecular mechanism of plus-end associa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bieling P,Laan L,Schek H,Munteanu EL,Sandblad L,Dogterom M,Brunner D,Surrey T

更新日期：2007-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The human serum response factor is a transcription factor belonging to the MADS domain protein family with members characterized from the plant and animal kingdoms. The X-ray crystal structure of the serum response factor core in a specific-recognition DNA complex shows that the functions of DNA binding, dimerization ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pellegrini L,Tan S,Richmond TJ

更新日期：1995-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Splicing of the Tetrahymena ribosomal intron was first studied by Cech et al., who subsequently demonstrated that the intron RNA catalyses its own excision from a primary transcript to yield mature ribosomal RNA. This intron shares several short conserved sequences and a common secondary structure with several other i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Szostak JW

更新日期：1986-07-03 00:00:00