Processing of tumour necrosis factor-alpha precursor by metalloproteinases.

abstract：:Activity in the motor cortex predicts movements, seconds before they are initiated. This preparatory activity has been observed across cortical layers, including in descending pyramidal tract neurons in layer 5. A key question is how preparatory activity is maintained without causing movement, and is ultimately conver...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Economo MN,Viswanathan S,Tasic B,Bas E,Winnubst J,Menon V,Graybuck LT,Nguyen TN,Smith KA,Yao Z,Wang L,Gerfen CR,Chandrashekar J,Zeng H,Looger LL,Svoboda K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effective interaction between T cells and their targets requires that recognition of specific antigen be coordinated with increased cell-cell adhesion. We show that antigen-receptor cross-linking increases the strength of the adhesion mechanism between lymphocyte function-associated molecule-1 (LFA-1) and intercellula...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dustin ML,Springer TA

更新日期：1989-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathways that control insulin secretion and regulate pancreatic beta-cell mass are crucial in the development of diabetes mellitus. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young comprises a number of single-gene disorders affecting pancreatic beta-cell function, and the consequences of mutations in these genes are so serio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bell GI,Polonsky KS

更新日期：2001-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The Earth has distinctive convective behaviour, described by the plate tectonics model, in which lateral motion of the oceanic lithosphere of basaltic crust and peridotitic uppermost mantle is decoupled from the underlying mechanically weaker upper mantle (asthenosphere). The reason for differentiation at the lithosph...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Green DH,Hibberson WO,Kovács I,Rosenthal A

更新日期：2010-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The most unique feature of Earth is the existence of life, and the most extraordinary feature of life is its diversity. Approximately 9 million types of plants, animals, protists and fungi inhabit the Earth. So, too, do 7 billion people. Two decades ago, at the first Earth Summit, the vast majority of the world's nati...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cardinale BJ,Duffy JE,Gonzalez A,Hooper DU,Perrings C,Venail P,Narwani A,Mace GM,Tilman D,Wardle DA,Kinzig AP,Daily GC,Loreau M,Grace JB,Larigauderie A,Srivastava DS,Naeem S

更新日期：2012-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) silence transposons to maintain genome integrity in animal germ lines. piRNAs are classified as primary and secondary piRNAs, depending on their biogenesis machinery. Primary piRNAs are processed from long non-coding RNA precursors transcribed from piRNA clusters in the genome through th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nishimasu H,Ishizu H,Saito K,Fukuhara S,Kamatani MK,Bonnefond L,Matsumoto N,Nishizawa T,Nakanaga K,Aoki J,Ishitani R,Siomi H,Siomi MC,Nureki O

更新日期：2012-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Caenorhabditis elegans senses environmental signals through ciliated sensory neurons located primarily in sensory organs in the head and tail. Cilia function as sensory receptors, and mutants with defective sensory cilia have impaired sensory perception. Cilia are membrane-bound microtubule-based structures and in C. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Apfeld J,Kenyon C

更新日期：1999-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Indirect-benefit models of sexual selection assert that females gain heritable offspring advantages through a mating bias for males of superior genetic quality. This has generally been tested by associating a simple morphological quality indicator (for example, bird tail length) with offspring viability. However, sele...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fedorka KM,Mousseau TA

更新日期：2004-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) belongs to the most dangerous class of bioweapons. Despite this, BoNT/A is used to treat a wide range of common medical conditions such as migraines and a variety of ocular motility and movement disorders. BoNT/A is probably best known for its use as an antiwrinkle agent in cosmetic app...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Benoit RM,Frey D,Hilbert M,Kevenaar JT,Wieser MM,Stirnimann CU,McMillan D,Ceska T,Lebon F,Jaussi R,Steinmetz MO,Schertler GF,Hoogenraad CC,Capitani G,Kammerer RA

更新日期：2014-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:For many decades comparative analyses of protein sequences and structures have been used to investigate fundamental principles of molecular evolution. In contrast, relatively little is known about the long-term evolution of species' phenotypic and genetic properties. This represents an important gap in our understandi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Plata G,Henry CS,Vitkup D

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinctive acute brain damage involving limbic and related brain regions develops in adult rats following sustained limbic seizures induced by systemic administration of kainic acid or dipiperidinoethane (DPE) or by intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid or folic acid. This seizure-brain damage (S-BD) syndrome is ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Olney JW,de Gubareff T,Labruyere J

更新日期：1983-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Freeman M

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polarized architecture of epithelial cells depends on the highly stereotypic distribution of cellular junctions and other membrane-associated protein complexes. In epithelial cells of the Drosophila embryo, three distinct domains subdivide the lateral plasma membrane. The most apical one comprises the subapical co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bachmann A,Schneider M,Theilenberg E,Grawe F,Knust E

更新日期：2001-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for the study of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. The cold-dark-matter model of the formation of large-scale structures (that is, clusters of galaxies and even larger assemblies) predicts the existence of quasars gravitationally lensed by concentrations of dark ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Inada N,Oguri M,Pindor B,Hennawi JF,Chiu K,Zheng W,Ichikawa S,Gregg MD,Becker RH,Suto Y,Strauss MA,Turner EL,Keeton CR,Annis J,Castander FJ,Eisenstein DJ,Frieman JA,Fukugita M,Gunn JE,Johnston DE,Kent SM,Nichol

更新日期：2003-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro studies of muscle mitochondrial metabolism in patients with mitochondrial myopathy have identified a variety of functional defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, predominantly affecting complex I (NADH-CoQ reductase) or complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase) in adult cases. These two enzymes ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Holt IJ,Harding AE,Morgan-Hughes JA

更新日期：1988-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a recently developed formalism called topological quantum chemistry, we perform a high-throughput search of 'high-quality' materials (for which the atomic positions and structure have been measured very accurately) in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database in order to identify new topological phases. We develo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vergniory MG,Elcoro L,Felser C,Regnault N,Bernevig BA,Wang Z

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of many T-cell functions depends on their interaction with antigen-presenting accessory cells which express I region associated (Ia) products. Cells expressing accessory cell function include those of the monocyte/macrophage lineage and dendritic cells. More recently, B cells and a number of tumour cell lin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ramila G,Erb P

更新日期：1983-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Important Ca2+ signals in the cytosol and organelles are often extremely localized and hard to measure. To overcome this problem we have constructed new fluorescent indicators for Ca2+ that are genetically encoded without cofactors and are targetable to specific intracellular locations. We have dubbed these fluorescen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miyawaki A,Llopis J,Heim R,McCaffery JM,Adams JA,Ikura M,Tsien RY

更新日期：1997-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tall AR,Jelic S

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum superposition lies at the heart of quantum mechanics and gives rise to many of its paradoxes. Superposition of de Broglie matter waves' has been observed for massive particles such as electrons, atoms and dimers, small van der Waals clusters, and neutrons. But matter wave interferometry with larger objects has...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Arndt M,Nairz O,Vos-Andreae J,Keller C,van der Zouw G,Zeilinger A

更新日期：1999-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from a rocket experiment show details which were not known from ground-based observations. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sudbury GC,Ingham MF

更新日期：1970-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural products containing phosphorus-carbon bonds have found widespread use in medicine and agriculture. One such compound, phosphinothricin tripeptide, contains the unusual amino acid phosphinothricin attached to two alanine residues. Synthetic phosphinothricin (glufosinate) is a component of two top-selling herbic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cicchillo RM,Zhang H,Blodgett JA,Whitteck JT,Li G,Nair SK,van der Donk WA,Metcalf WW

更新日期：2009-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Topoisomerases relieve the torsional strain in DNA that is built up during replication and transcription. They are vital for cell proliferation and are a target for poisoning by anti-cancer drugs. Type IB topoisomerase (TopIB) forms a protein clamp around the DNA duplex and creates a transient nick that permits remova...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Koster DA,Croquette V,Dekker C,Shuman S,Dekker NH

更新日期：2005-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The abundance of chlorine in the Earth's atmosphere increased considerably during the 1970s to 1990s, following large emissions of anthropogenic long-lived chlorine-containing source gases, notably the chlorofluorocarbons. The chemical inertness of chlorofluorocarbons allows their transport and mixing throughout the t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mahieu E,Chipperfield MP,Notholt J,Reddmann T,Anderson J,Bernath PF,Blumenstock T,Coffey MT,Dhomse SS,Feng W,Franco B,Froidevaux L,Griffith DW,Hannigan JW,Hase F,Hossaini R,Jones NB,Morino I,Murata I,Nakajima H,Pa

更新日期：2014-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Barophilic bacteria inhabit the deep oceans, and the specific functional modifications and regulatory mechanisms which govern adaptation to hydrostatic pressure are beginning to be understood. For example, the rate of production of several proteins by some hydrothermal vent archaebacteria and the degree of saturation ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bartlett D,Wright M,Yayanos AA,Silverman M

更新日期：1989-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Some Pacific island societies, such as those of Easter Island and Mangareva, inadvertently contributed to their own collapse by causing massive deforestation. Others retained forest cover and survived. How can those fateful differences be explained? Although the answers undoubtedly involve both different cultural resp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rolett B,Diamond J

更新日期：2004-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbialites, including biogenic stromatolites, thrombolites and dendrolites, were formed by various microbial mats that trapped and bound sediments or formed the locus of mineral precipitation. Microbialites were common and diverse during the Proterozoic, but declined in abundance and morphological diversity when mu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sheehan PM,Harris MT

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that monkeys and humans can use signals from the brain to guide computer cursors. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) may one day assist patients suffering from neurological injury or disease, but relatively low system performance remains a major obstacle. In fact, the speed and accuracy ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Santhanam G,Ryu SI,Yu BM,Afshar A,Shenoy KV

更新日期：2006-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Signal sequences target proteins for secretion from cells or for integration into cell membranes. As nascent proteins emerge from the ribosome, signal sequences are recognized by the signal recognition particle (SRP), which subsequently associates with its receptor (SR). In this complex, the SRP and SR stimulate each ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Egea PF,Shan SO,Napetschnig J,Savage DF,Walter P,Stroud RM

更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex in birds is chromosomally based, as in mammals, but the sex chromosomes are different and the mechanism of avian sex determination has been a long-standing mystery. In the chicken and all other birds, the homogametic sex is male (ZZ) and the heterogametic sex is female (ZW). Two hypotheses have been proposed for t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith CA,Roeszler KN,Ohnesorg T,Cummins DM,Farlie PG,Doran TJ,Sinclair AH

更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00