Positron emission tomography after MPTP: observations relating to the cause of Parkinson's disease.

abstract：:Therapies for patients with cancer have changed gradually over the past decade, moving away from the administration of broadly acting cytotoxic drugs towards the use of more-specific therapies that are targeted to each tumour. To facilitate this shift, tests need to be developed to identify those individuals who requi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van't Veer LJ,Bernards R

更新日期：2008-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccines rarely provide full protection from disease. Nevertheless, partially effective (imperfect) vaccines may be used to protect both individuals and whole populations. We studied the potential impact of different types of imperfect vaccines on the evolution of pathogen virulence (induced host mortality) and the co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gandon S,Mackinnon MJ,Nee S,Read AF

更新日期：2001-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of noise in a signal transduction system usually interferes with its ability to transfer information reliably. But many nonlinear systems can use noise to enhance performance, and this phenomenon, called stochastic resonance, may underlie the extraordinary ability of some biological systems to detect and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bezrukov SM,Vodyanoy I

更新日期：1995-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular oncogene c-Ki-ras is amplified 30- to 60-fold in cells of the mouse adrenocortical tumour Y1. The amplified oncogene is located in double minute chromosomes and in a homogeneously staining chromosomal region, common karyotypical anomalies of tumour cells. The amounts of c-Ki-ras specific mRNA and of the p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schwab M,Alitalo K,Varmus HE,Bishop JM,George D

更新日期：1983-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmembrane channels and pores have key roles in fundamental biological processes1 and in biotechnological applications such as DNA nanopore sequencing2-4, resulting in considerable interest in the design of pore-containing proteins. Synthetic amphiphilic peptides have been found to form ion channels5,6, and there h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu C,Lu P,Gamal El-Din TM,Pei XY,Johnson MC,Uyeda A,Bick MJ,Xu Q,Jiang D,Bai H,Reggiano G,Hsia Y,Brunette TJ,Dou J,Ma D,Lynch EM,Boyken SE,Huang PS,Stewart L,DiMaio F,Kollman JM,Luisi BF,Matsuura T,Catterall

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut commensal microbes shape the mucosal immune system by regulating the differentiation and expansion of several types of T cell. Clostridia, a dominant class of commensal microbe, can induce colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have a central role in the suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses. Howeve...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Furusawa Y,Obata Y,Fukuda S,Endo TA,Nakato G,Takahashi D,Nakanishi Y,Uetake C,Kato K,Kato T,Takahashi M,Fukuda NN,Murakami S,Miyauchi E,Hino S,Atarashi K,Onawa S,Fujimura Y,Lockett T,Clarke JM,Topping DL,Tomita

更新日期：2013-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Trypanosomes of the species Trypanosoma brucei reproduce primarily by binary fission, but the frequency of enzyme electrophoretic variants in natural populations of T. brucei has provided indirect evidence for the existence of a sexual cycle. These studies, coupled with studies of restriction fragment length polymorph...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jenni L,Marti S,Schweizer J,Betschart B,Le Page RW,Wells JM,Tait A,Paindavoine P,Pays E,Steinert M

更新日期：1986-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-replication has been demonstrated in synthetic chemical systems based on oligonucleotides, peptides and complementary molecules without natural analogues. However, within a living cell virtually no molecule catalyses its own formation, and the search for chemical systems in which both auto- and cross-catalysis ca...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yao S,Ghosh I,Zutshi R,Chmielewski J

更新日期：1998-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoiesis is a developmental cascade that generates all blood cell lineages in health and disease. This process relies on quiescent haematopoietic stem cells capable of differentiating, self renewing and expanding upon physiological demand. However, the mechanisms that regulate haematopoietic stem cell homeostasi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fonseca-Pereira D,Arroz-Madeira S,Rodrigues-Campos M,Barbosa IA,Domingues RG,Bento T,Almeida AR,Ribeiro H,Potocnik AJ,Enomoto H,Veiga-Fernandes H

更新日期：2014-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies can now be genetically engineered and endowed with new properties. In the future, gene technology could enable antigen-binding fragments to be made by exploiting repertoires of variable domain genes derived from immunized animals and expressed in bacteria. How readily can this approach be extende...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Winter G,Milstein C

更新日期：1991-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Methods section of this Article, 'greater than' should have been 'less than' in the sentence 'Putative regions of clustered rearrangements were identified as having an average inter-rearrangement distance that was at least 10 times greater than the whole-genome average for the individual sample. '. The Article ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nik-Zainal S,Davies H,Staaf J,Ramakrishna M,Glodzik D,Zou X,Martincorena I,Alexandrov LB,Martin S,Wedge DC,Van Loo P,Ju YS,Smid M,Brinkman AB,Morganella S,Aure MR,Lingjærde OC,Langerød A,Ringnér M,Ahn SM,Boyault S

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopy has revealed new classes of physical, chemical and biological reactions, in which directed, deterministic motions of atoms have a key role. This contrasts with the random, diffusive motion of atoms across activation barriers that typically determines kinetic rates on slower...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rousse A,Rischel C,Fourmaux S,Uschmann I,Sebban S,Grillon G,Balcou P,Förster E,Geindre JP,Audebert P,Gauthier JC,Hulin D

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Necroptosis has emerged as an important pathway of programmed cell death in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. RIPK1 is implicated in inflammatory and cell death signalling and its kinase activity is believed to drive RIPK3-mediated necroptosis. Here we show that kinase-independent s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dannappel M,Vlantis K,Kumari S,Polykratis A,Kim C,Wachsmuth L,Eftychi C,Lin J,Corona T,Hermance N,Zelic M,Kirsch P,Basic M,Bleich A,Kelliher M,Pasparakis M

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Earthquakes radiate from slip on discrete faults, but also commonly involve distributed deformation within a broader fault zone, especially near the surface. Variations in rock strain during an earthquake are caused by heterogeneity in the elastic stress before the earthquake, by variable material properties and geome...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fielding EJ,Lundgren PR,Bürgmann R,Funning GJ

更新日期：2009-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypermethylation of the promoters of tumour suppressor genes represses transcription of these genes, conferring growth advantages to cancer cells. How these changes arise is poorly understood. Here we show that the activity of oxygen-dependent ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes is reduced by tumour hypoxia in huma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Thienpont B,Steinbacher J,Zhao H,D'Anna F,Kuchnio A,Ploumakis A,Ghesquière B,Van Dyck L,Boeckx B,Schoonjans L,Hermans E,Amant F,Kristensen VN,Peng Koh K,Mazzone M,Coleman M,Carell T,Carmeliet P,Lambrechts D

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the molecular basis of microtubule-associated motility during mitosis, the mechanochemical factors that generate the relevant motile force must be identified. Myosin, the ATPase that interacts with actin to produce the force for muscle contraction and other forms of cell motility, is believed to be invol...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scholey JM,Porter ME,Grissom PM,McIntosh JR

更新日期：1985-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:It is not yet clear whether humans are able to learn while they are sleeping. Here we show that full-term human newborns can be taught to discriminate between similar vowel sounds when they are fast asleep. It is possible that such sleep training soon after birth could find application in clinical or educational situa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cheour M,Martynova O,Näätänen R,Erkkola R,Sillanpää M,Kero P,Raz A,Kaipio ML,Hiltunen J,Aaltonen O,Savela J,Hämäläinen H

更新日期：2002-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We report genome sequences of 17 inbred strains of laboratory mice and identify almost ten times more variants than previously known. We use these genomes to explore the phylogenetic history of the laboratory mouse and to examine the functional consequences of allele-specific variation on transcript abundance, reveali...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Keane TM,Goodstadt L,Danecek P,White MA,Wong K,Yalcin B,Heger A,Agam A,Slater G,Goodson M,Furlotte NA,Eskin E,Nellåker C,Whitley H,Cleak J,Janowitz D,Hernandez-Pliego P,Edwards A,Belgard TG,Oliver PL,McIntyre RE,

更新日期：2011-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The requirement of metabolic energy for the interaction of polyene macrolide antibiotics with eukaryotic organisms remains a controversial subject (for review see ref. 1) It has been claimed that the lethal binding of these antibiotics to the sterol target component of the hydrophobic core of the membrane, in accordan...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Malewicz B,Borowski E

更新日期：1979-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcriptional underpinnings of brain development remain poorly understood, particularly in humans and closely related non-human primates. We describe a high-resolution transcriptional atlas of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) brain development that combines dense temporal sampling of prenatal and postnatal periods...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bakken TE,Miller JA,Ding SL,Sunkin SM,Smith KA,Ng L,Szafer A,Dalley RA,Royall JJ,Lemon T,Shapouri S,Aiona K,Arnold J,Bennett JL,Bertagnolli D,Bickley K,Boe A,Brouner K,Butler S,Byrnes E,Caldejon S,Carey A,Cate

更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Since Bridgman's discovery of five solid water (H2O) ice phases1 in 1912, studies on the extraordinary polymorphism of H2O have documented more than seventeen crystalline and several amorphous ice structures2,3, as well as rich metastability and kinetic effects4,5. This unique behaviour is due in part to the geometric...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Millot M,Coppari F,Rygg JR,Correa Barrios A,Hamel S,Swift DC,Eggert JH

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of membrane components is thought to be an important process in membrane function. Phosphorylated proteins and a special class of phospholipids, the (poly)phosphoinositides (poly PI), are implicated in the regulation of membrane permeability and synaptic transmission in neurones. For many years, protei...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jolles J,Zwiers H,van Dongen CJ,Schotman P,Wirtz KW,Gispen WH

更新日期：1980-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental challenge to our understanding of biodiversity is to explain why some groups of species undergo adaptive radiations, diversifying extensively into many and varied species, whereas others do not. Both extrinsic environmental factors (for example, resource availability, climate) and intrinsic lineage-speci...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wagner CE,Harmon LJ,Seehausen O

更新日期：2012-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:During cell division, chromosomes are segregated to nascent daughter cells by attaching to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle through the kinetochore. Kinetochores are assembled on a specialized chromatin domain called the centromere, which is characterized by the replacement of nucleosomal histone H3 with the hi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Guse A,Carroll CW,Moree B,Fuller CJ,Straight AF

更新日期：2011-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the behaviour of the dielectric constant in ferroelectric thin films remains a challenging problem. These ferroelectric materials have high static dielectric constants, and so are important for their applications in high-storage-density capacitor structures such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Bu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sirenko AA,Bernhard C,Golnik A,Clark AM,Hao J,Si W,Xi XX

更新日期：2000-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The dominant forcing factors for past large-scale changes in vegetation are widely debated. Changes in the distribution of C4 plants--adapted to warm, dry conditions and low atmospheric CO2 concentrations--have been attributed to marked changes in environmental conditions, but the relative impacts of changes in aridit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schefuss E,Schouten S,Jansen JH,Sinninghe Damsté JS

更新日期：2003-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In myelinated nerves, segregation of voltage-dependent sodium channels to nodes of Ranvier is crucial for saltatory conduction along axons. As sodium channels associate and colocalize with ankyrin at nodes of Ranvier, one possibility is that sodium channels are recruited and immobilized at axonal sites which are speci...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Joe EH,Angelides K

更新日期：1992-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A major aim in immunology has been to understand how the immune system evokes characteristic responses to infection, foreign tissue grafts and tumours. The current view of immunoregulation is based mainly on studies of lymphocyte subsets, either in vitro or by adoptive transfer to irradiated recipients. Many reagents ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cobbold SP,Jayasuriya A,Nash A,Prospero TD,Waldmann H

更新日期：1984-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for the study of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. The cold-dark-matter model of the formation of large-scale structures (that is, clusters of galaxies and even larger assemblies) predicts the existence of quasars gravitationally lensed by concentrations of dark ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Inada N,Oguri M,Pindor B,Hennawi JF,Chiu K,Zheng W,Ichikawa S,Gregg MD,Becker RH,Suto Y,Strauss MA,Turner EL,Keeton CR,Annis J,Castander FJ,Eisenstein DJ,Frieman JA,Fukugita M,Gunn JE,Johnston DE,Kent SM,Nichol

更新日期：2003-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Diatoms are one of the most ecologically successful classes of photosynthetic marine eukaryotes in the contemporary oceans. Over the past 30 million years, they have helped to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, sequestering it via the biological carbon pump and ultimately burying...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bailleul B,Berne N,Murik O,Petroutsos D,Prihoda J,Tanaka A,Villanova V,Bligny R,Flori S,Falconet D,Krieger-Liszkay A,Santabarbara S,Rappaport F,Joliot P,Tirichine L,Falkowski PG,Cardol P,Bowler C,Finazzi G

更新日期：2015-08-20 00:00:00