The novel Cer-like protein Caronte mediates the establishment of embryonic left-right asymmetry.

abstract：:Most neurons of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) lose the ability to regenerate severed axons in vivo after a certain point in development. At least part of this loss in regenerative potential is intrinsic to neurons. Although embryonic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can grow axons into tectum of any age, mos...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen DF,Schneider GE,Martinou JC,Tonegawa S

更新日期：1997-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular response to hypoxia is critical for cell survival and is fine-tuned to allow cells to recover from hypoxic stress and adapt to heterogeneous or fluctuating oxygen levels. The hypoxic response is mediated by the α-subunit of the transcription factor HIF-1 (HIF-1α), which interacts through its intrinsically...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Berlow RB,Dyson HJ,Wright PE

更新日期：2017-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:When we see motion, our perception of how one image feature moves depends on the behaviour of other features nearby. In particular, the Gestaltists proposed the law of shared common fate, in which features tend to be perceived as moving together, that is, coherently. Recent psychophysical findings, such as the coopera...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yuille AL,Grzywacz NM

更新日期：1988-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:oop RNA, which is initiated at the po promoter and is 81 nucleotides long, can function as a leader sequence for the lambda immunity establishment transcription, previously believed to originate at a special promoter pre located in the y region. Thus, oop RNA seems to have a dual role, either favouring the lytic cycle...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Honigman A,Hu SL,Chase R,Szybalski W

更新日期：1976-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual mammals have the capacity to express at least one million distinct antigen binding specificities, implying a high degree of structural heterogeneity in the variable heavy and light chain (VH and VL) portions of the antibody molecules. Studies of higher vertebrate species suggest that this heterogeneity is c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mäkelä O,Litman GW

更新日期：1980-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Observations from cultured cells, animal models and patients raise the possibility that the dependency of tumours on the therapeutic drugs to which they have acquired resistance represents a vulnerability with potential applications in cancer treatment. However, for this drug addiction trait to become of clinical inte...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kong X,Kuilman T,Shahrabi A,Boshuizen J,Kemper K,Song JY,Niessen HWM,Rozeman EA,Geukes Foppen MH,Blank CU,Peeper DS

更新日期：2017-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:During formation of the neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine receptors in the endplate membrane become metabolically stabilized under neural control, their half-life increasing from about 1 day to about 10 days. The metabolic stability of the receptors is regulated by the electrical activity induced in the muscle by ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rotzler S,Schramek H,Brenner HR

更新日期：1991-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary function of the adenovirus E1A-region genes is to activate other adenoviral genes during a permissive viral infection by modifying the host cell transcriptional apparatus. Host cell immortalization, or transformation by the whole adenoviral early region, presumably results as a consequence of these modific...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Webster KA,Muscat GE,Kedes L

更新日期：1988-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to recognize information that is incongruous with previous experience is critical for survival. Novelty signals have therefore evolved in the mammalian brain to enhance attention, perception and memory1,2. Although the importance of regions such as the ventral tegmental area3,4 and locus coeruleus5 in broa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen S,He L,Huang AJY,Boehringer R,Robert V,Wintzer ME,Polygalov D,Weitemier AZ,Tao Y,Gu M,Middleton SJ,Namiki K,Hama H,Therreau L,Chevaleyre V,Hioki H,Miyawaki A,Piskorowski RA,McHugh TJ

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deuterostomes are a remarkably diverse super-phylum, including not only the chordates (to which we belong) but groups as disparate as the echinoderms and the hemichordates. The phylogeny of deuterostomes is now achieving some degree of stability, especially on account of new molecular data, but this leaves as conjectu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shu DG,Morris SC,Han J,Zhang ZF,Liu JN

更新日期：2004-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain blood production throughout life. HSCs are capable of extensive proliferative expansion, as a single HSC may reconstitute lethally irradiated hosts. In steady-state, HSCs remain largely quiescent and self-renew at a constant low rate, forestalling their exhaustion during adult ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hock H,Hamblen MJ,Rooke HM,Schindler JW,Saleque S,Fujiwara Y,Orkin SH

更新日期：2004-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the first atomic resolution structure of an animal virus, human rhinovirus 14. It is strikingly similar to known icosahedral plant RNA viruses. Four neutralizing immunogenic regions have been identified. These, and corresponding antigenic sequences of polio and foot-and-mouth disease viruses, reside on exter...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rossmann MG,Arnold E,Erickson JW,Frankenberger EA,Griffith JP,Hecht HJ,Johnson JE,Kamer G,Luo M,Mosser AG

更新日期：1985-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are key receptors in the modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Here we have determined three different crystal structures of the extracellular ligand-binding region of mGluR1--in a complex with glutamate and in two unliganded forms. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kunishima N,Shimada Y,Tsuji Y,Sato T,Yamamoto M,Kumasaka T,Nakanishi S,Jingami H,Morikawa K

更新日期：2000-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein TFIIB is a general transcription initiation factor that interacts with a promoter complex (D.DNA) containing the TATA-binding subunit (TFIID tau, or TBP) of TFIID to facilitate subsequent interaction with RNA polymerase II (ref. 2) through the associated TFIIF (ref. 3). The potential bridging function of T...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hisatake K,Roeder RG,Horikoshi M

更新日期：1993-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear pore complexes reside in the nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cells and mediate the nucleocytoplasmic exchange of macromolecules. Traffic is regulated by mobile transport receptors that target their cargo to the central translocation channel, where phenylalanine-glycine-rich repeats serve as binding sites. The s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beck M,Lucić V,Förster F,Baumeister W,Medalia O

更新日期：2007-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Distance determination in animals can be achieved by visual or non-visual cues. Weakly electric fish use active electrolocation for orientation in the dark. By perceiving self-produced electric signals with epidermal electroreceptors, fish can detect, locate and analyse nearby objects. Distance discrimination, however...

journal_title：Nature

authors： von der Emde G,Schwarz S,Gomez L,Budelli R,Grant K

更新日期：1998-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural crest, a source of many different cell types in vertebrate embryos, has not been identified in other chordates. Current opinion therefore holds that neural crest cells were a vertebrate innovation. Here we describe a migratory cell population resembling neural crest cells in the ascidian urochordate Ecteina...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jeffery WR,Strickler AG,Yamamoto Y

更新日期：2004-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) are important neurotransmitters in the vertebrate central nervous system. Electrophysiological and ligand-binding studies indicate that at least three different receptor subtypes for EAAs exist--N-methyl-D-aspartate, kainate and quisqualate receptor subtypes--on the basis of the preferred...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wada K,Dechesne CJ,Shimasaki S,King RG,Kusano K,Buonanno A,Hampson DR,Banner C,Wenthold RJ,Nakatani Y

更新日期：1989-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:All synaptically-based neuropsychological theories of learning postulate that there are changes resulting from neural activity which are long-lasting and confined to specific sets of synapses. In the past decade a form of synaptic strengthening known as long-term potentiation (LTP) has been found which results from hi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Abraham WC,Goddard GV

更新日期：1983-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 50 copies of a phi X174 DNA template can be made in 60 min in an in vitro DNA replication system consisting of seven purfied replication proteins isolated from T4 bacteriophage-infected cells. By transfecting with the DNA products and assaying for the reversion of specific amber mutants, the high degree of b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hibner U,Alberts BM

更新日期：1980-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The E6 oncoprotein derived from tumour-associated human papillomaviruses (HPVs) binds to and induces the degradation of the cellular tumour-suppressor protein p53. A common polymorphism that occurs in the p53 amino-acid sequence results in the presence of either a proline or an arginine at position 72. The effect of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Storey A,Thomas M,Kalita A,Harwood C,Gardiol D,Mantovani F,Breuer J,Leigh IM,Matlashewski G,Banks L

更新日期：1998-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Unicellular organisms such as yeasts require a single cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk1, to drive cell division. In contrast, mammalian cells are thought to require the sequential activation of at least four different cyclin-dependent kinases, Cdk2, Cdk3, Cdk4 and Cdk6, to drive cells through interphase, as well as Cdk1 t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Santamaría D,Barrière C,Cerqueira A,Hunt S,Tardy C,Newton K,Cáceres JF,Dubus P,Malumbres M,Barbacid M

更新日期：2007-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of years before we began to manipulate the flow of light using synthetic structures, biological systems were using nanometre-scale architectures to produce striking optical effects. An astonishing variety of natural photonic structures exists: a species of Brittlestar uses photonic elements composed of calcit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vukusic P,Sambles JR

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The bithorax gene complex in Drosophila contains a minimum of eight genes that seem to code for substances controlling levels of thoracic and abdominal development. The state of repression of at least four of these genes is controlled by cis-regulatory elements and a separate locus (Polycomb) seems to code for a repre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lewis EB

更新日期：1978-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Language is a uniquely human ability that evolved at some point in the roughly 6,000,000 years since human and chimpanzee lines diverged. Even in the most linguistically impoverished environments, children naturally develop sophisticated language systems. In contrast, reading is a learnt skill that does not develop wi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carreiras M,Seghier ML,Baquero S,Estévez A,Lozano A,Devlin JT,Price CJ

更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:THE cause of extinction of the woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius (Blumenbach), is still debated. A major environmental change at the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, hunting by early man, or both together are among the main explanations that have been suggested. But hardly anyone has doubted that mammoths had become...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vartanyan SL,Garutt VE,Sher AV

更新日期：1993-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein folding and binding are analogous processes, in which the protein 'searches' for favourable intramolecular or intermolecular interactions on a funnelled energy landscape. Many eukaryotic proteins are disordered under physiological conditions, and fold into ordered structures only on binding to their cellular t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sugase K,Dyson HJ,Wright PE

更新日期：2007-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:When a force deforms an elastic object, practical experience suggests that the resulting displacement will be in the same direction as the force. This property is known as positive stiffness. Less familiar is the concept of negative stiffness, where the deforming force and the resulting displacement are in opposite di...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lakes RS,Lee T,Bersie A,Wang YC

更新日期：2001-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The recognition of foreign antigens by T lymphocytes is essential to most adaptive immune responses. It is driven by specific T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) binding to antigenic peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules on other cells. If productive, these interactions promote the formation of an immu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huppa JB,Axmann M,Mörtelmaier MA,Lillemeier BF,Newell EW,Brameshuber M,Klein LO,Schütz GJ,Davis MM

更新日期：2010-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:TMV RNA is not an efficient template for translation of the viral coat protein, in spite of containing nucleotide sequences coding for the protein. Efficient translation requires the prior synthesis within infected cells of a smaller RNA carrying only a portion of the information encoded in the whole genome. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hunter TR,Hunt T,Knowland J,Zimmern D

更新日期：1976-04-29 00:00:00